Lesson on acid and salt presentation. Presentation "Sirchanic acid"

Slide 13

Chemical power

Slide 14

Chemical power of dilute H2SO4

Slide 15

1. Interactions with metals (which should be before H in EPNM) Zn + H2SO4 = ZnSO4 + H2 Zn0 -2e- → Zn+2 oxidizer 2Н + +2e- → H02oxidizer Cu + H2SO4≠

Slide 16

2. Interactions with basic and amphoteric oxides H2SO4 + CuO = CuSO4 + H2O 2H+ + SO42- + CuO = Cu2+ + SO42- + H2O 2H+ + CuO = Cu2+ + H2O

Slide 17

3. Interactions with the basics: a) meadows H2SO4 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + 2H2O 2H+ + SO42- + 2Na+ + 2OH- = 2Na+ + SO42- + 2H2O 2H+ + 2OH- = 2H2O H+ + OH- = Cu(OH)2= CuSO4 + 2H2O 2H+ + SO42- + Cu(OH)2= Cu2+ + SO42- + 2H2O Cu(OH)2 + 2H+ = Cu2++ 2H2O

Slide 18

4. Interactions with salts H2SO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4↓+ 2HCl 2H+ + SO42- + Ba2+ + 2Cl- = BaSO4↓+ 2H+ + 2Cl- Ba2+ + SO42- = BaSO4↓

Slide 19

Concentrated H2SO4 - strong oxidizing agent for shell S(+6) 1. Interactions with metals H2SO4 + active metals + low-active metals + Fe, Al H2S, S, SO2 SO2 Passivation of metal Cu + 2H2SO4(conc) = CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O Cu0 2e - Cu+2 S+6 + 2e- S+4 oxidation renewal oxidation

Slide 20

Interaction of concentrated sulfuric acid with metals

Slide 21

Chemical power of concentrated H2SO4

2. Interactions with non-metals 2H2SO4 + C = CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O 3. Interactions with organic compounds (hygroscopicity) 4. Interactions with salts H2SO4 (conc) + NaCl (solid) = NaHSO4 + HCl

Slide 22

Hygroscopicity of sulfuric acid

Slide 23

Zastosuvannya

H2SO4 HNO3 Virobination of acids Vibuchoic acids Electrolytic copper Mineral fertilizers Virobination of salts Piece welding Purification of naphtha products Electrolyte in batteries Virobination of enamel

If you firmly believe in your thoughts, then put a “+” sign opposite them, and if not, then put a “-” sign.

1. The power of concentrated sulfuric acid is determined by the fact that the oxidation stage of sulfuric acid in it is higher than +6 2. Concentrated sulfuric acid is the same. 3. Concentrated sulfuric acid cannot be transported in liquid tanks, because 4. Concentrated sulfuric acid does not interact with metals that stand after water. 5. Concentrated sulfuric acid interacts with non-metals 6. Concentrated sulfuric acid dissociates practically completely with water and sulfate ions. 7. Products of renewed sulfur in sulfuric acid can have oxidation stages +4, -2. 8. Aluminum decreases in concentrations of sulfuric acid. 9. On organic compounds, concentrated sulfuric acid is not equal to 10. Concentrated sulfuric acid can remove other acids from their salts

1 slide

2 slide

Acid storage is a complex of molecules in which molecules contain atoms, water and acidic excess H-R, and R-acidic excess. During the electrolytic dissociation of acids in water, cations of water and anion of acidic excess are created.

3 slide

Classification of acids Monobasic acids, for example, HCl, HNO3 (split one atom of water during dissociation) Richly basic acids, for example, H2SO4, H3PO4 (split several atoms into water during dissociation) Acids, for example, H 2CO3, H3PO4 (similar to acid oxides and hydroxides) Acid-free acids, for example, HBr, H2S (stay before binary positions)

4 slide

Dilution of sulfuric acid When mixing sulfuric acid with water, there is a long-standing rule: “First water, then acid, otherwise it will become too dry.” If you work by chance, then the first portions of water, having lost their heat (water is lighter than acid) and interacting with the acid, heat up so much that they boil and sprinkle with the acid at the same time; They can get in your eyes, on your face and on your clothes.

5 slide

S+6O3 – sulfur oxide (VI), acidic oxide (higher rhubarb oxidation of sulfuric acid) S+6O3 – barbaric acid Removal of sulfuric acid: S+6O3 + Н2О =Н2 S+6O4 sulfuric acid

6 slide

The chemical power of sulfuric acid; diluted sulfuric acid exhibits all the characteristic properties of acids: With metal oxides. (exchange reaction) Н2SO4+MeO→MeSO4+H2O 2. Basics. H2O 3. With metals. H2SO4+Me(to H)→MeSO4(R)+H2(substitution reaction) 4.With salts(exchange reaction) H2SO4+MeR(R)→MeSO4(R)+HR (occurs in the same way as precipitate or gas is established )

7 slide

Acid reaction to the –SO42- ion. The reagent for sulfuric acid is the same salt as the barium cation, because With barium sulfate ions, the ion reacts with white non-particle barium sulfate, which precipitates. 2++SO42- = BaSO4↓

8 slide

Concentrated sulfuric acid Me + H2SO4 (end) → MeSO4 + H2O + (H2S, S, SO2) Sulfuric acid (end) is reduced to (H2S, S, SO2) due to the activity of the metal and the reaction. The liquid and aluminum are soaked with acid and then coated with dry melt, so the acid (finally) can be transported in steel and aluminum tanks. Сu+2H2SO4(conc)→CuSO4+2H2O+SO2 4Zn+5H2SO4(conc)→4ZnSO4+4H2O+H2S Concentrated sulfuric acid is capable of removing water from organic molecules, carbonizing them. Reaction of acid with sucrose (C12H22O11) C12H22O11 + 2H2SO4 (end) = 11C + 13H2O + 2SO2 + CO2

Syrchanic acid

Vikonala student 9 "A" class Smolyaninova Yulia.

• Syrchanic acid is a pure, oily liquid.
• The crystalline mass reaches a temperature of +10°C.
• Sulfuric acid produces a thickness of 1.84 g/cm3.
• 1 liter of such acid equals 2 kg.
• Solid acid at a temperature of -20°C.

• When the acid is dissolved, a great amount of heat will be seen in the water as a result of the formation of hydrates.
• Hydrates can be seen at low temperatures in a solid form.

Chemical power

Diluted acid exhibits oxidative power, so it reacts with metals that are active before water

H 2 SO 4 + Zn = H 2 + ZnSO 4

Reacts with basic oxides:

H 2 SO 4 + CuO = CuSO 4 + H 2 O

Chemical power

With hydroxides:

Cu(OH) 2 + H 2 SO 4 = CuSO 4 + 2H 2 O

2NaOH + H 2 SO 4 = Na 2 SO 4 + 2H 2 O

• Cu(OH) 2 + H 2 SO 4 = CuSO 4 + 2H 2 O 2NaOH + H 2 SO 4 = Na 2 SO 4 + 2H 2 O

Interactions with salts during exchange reactions:

H 2 SO 4 + BaCl 2 = 2HCl + BaSO 4

Chemical power

• Some metals (Al, Cr, Fe) do not react with concentrated acid.
• This is achieved through the creation of dry spit on the metal.

Fe + H2SO4 (conc.) = (cold)

• The production of minerals is the largest area of ​​stagnation.
• Electrolyte in lead batteries
• Purification of naphtha products

• Viration of synthetic chemicals, barberries, plastics, fluoride and other reagents.
• Ore enrichment in the mining industry

• Metalwork, textiles, hides and other industrial products
• Virology of medicinal products

• Sulfuric acid and oleum are even more caustic.
• The stench affects the skin, mucous membranes, and respiratory tracts (cry chemical agents).
• When inhaling the vapors of these stench, the stench causes difficulty breathing, cough, often laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, etc.