The current science is the author. fundamentals of suspension knowledge

Author Pichet about іntegratsіyu NAUKOVO knowledge zblizhennі mіzh him metodіv doslіdzhennya rіznih in the field of knowledge, pіdkreslyuyuchi scho "teoretichnі rіvnі okremih Sciences zmikayutsya in zagalnoteoretichnomu, fіlosofskomu poyasnennі vіdkritih printsipіv i zakonіv have formuvannі svіtoglyadnih i metodologіchnih storіn NAUKOVO pіznannya in tsіlomu". Is this integration characteristic of modern science? Formulate your point of view and give two arguments in її obgruntuvannya.


Read the text and visit the day 21-24.

<...>Science - the form is historically formed humanity, It is focused on the knowledge and re-implementation of the active method, as well as spiritually, as the result is based on the selection and systematization of facts, logically vivifying the fundamentals, reasonable, and legal

Science is an instant, a system of knowledge, a spiritual basis, and a practical activity on the basis of it.

For any scientific knowledge, there is a certain manifestation of what is to be seen, and those who are how to be heard. Look at the nutrition about those who are able to learn about the nature of the subject of science, and look at the nutrition about those who will be able to learn about the method of learning.

Yakisne rіznomanіttya action and suspіnіy practice, due to the bogatoplanovy character of the human misery, the development of the field of scientific knowledge. The science is up-to-date - the sukupn_st of the okremikh galuzei is superstitiously distributed. The subject of science is not only the outerness of people’s sights, the development of forms and views of the world, but their own visuals at the site, that is, the people themselves. This subject of science is divided into natural and technical, which is to develop the laws of nature and the ways of mastering and redeveloping, and of the community, which is developing the development of suspicious phenomena and the laws of human development and self-development. A complex of philosophical disciplines, such as vivchayut the most important laws of development of nature, і suspension, and і design, is especially important in the midst of suspended sciences.

The subject of science is injected into її methods, tobto priyomi, ways to achieve an object. So, in the natural sciences, one of the leading methods is experiment, and in the suspended sciences - statistics. Along with this cordon, there are sciences in the abundant world of intelligence. For the modern stage, the development of scientific knowledge is characterized not only by the development of scientific disciplines (for example, biophysics), but also by the addition of scientific methodologies. General scientific logical principles і induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, as well as systemic and іmovіrnіnіy pіdkhodі and bаtato іnshogo. In the case of leather science, there is an empirical level, to accumulate actual material; Based on the facts of science, hypotheses, which require further revision of information. The theoretical aspects of the sciences are changing in the far-theoretical, philosophical clarified principles and laws, in the formulated visual and methodological aspects of scientific knowledge as a whole<...>

(Spirkin A.G.)

Explanation.

Correctly guilty of the revenge of the offensive elements:

1) Given a statement and a point of view is formed, for example:

For modern science, not only integration is characteristic;

As for integration, we can talk about the disintegration of scientific knowledge, seeing more private scientific disciplines;

2) Induced arguments, for example:

In the suspicious sciences, all the more and more high-level areas of pre-development are seen, for example, science, and the pre-development of the nature of power - cratology;

In the natural sciences, new elements, particles, development of nanotechnologies are also recognized for new hallucinations;

I will see new ways of learning new sciences and disciplines among people, both in the pre-sentient micro-world, and in the pre-sentiment of the megaworld, All-Science, etc.

You may be able to guide the formulas for the messages

Throwing a glance at the history of the world, there are three stages of knowledge: in Pershe, the tse ratsionalizatsii vzagal, as in quiet forms є zalnogolodskogo power, to appear with people like that; ... in a different way, becoming logically and methodically assimilated science is a walnut science and in parallel the rudiments of scientific knowledge in China and India; in third, the verdict of modern science, which virosta from the beginning of Serednovichchia, rishuche asserts itself from the 17th century. and to grow at all its latitude from the 19th century. Qia science to rob European culture - in every way, from the XVII century. - from the culture of all countries ...
There are three necessary signs that are attached: educational methods, reliability and general validity ...
bitter science universal behind your spirit. There is no such area, as could be seen for a trivial hour. All that is seen in the light is to be guarded, to look, to be seen, to be a manifestation of nature, whether it be the sight of people, their creation and share. Religion, all the authorities are also informed about the message. It’s not just the reality, but all the reasonable possibilities are about the vivchennya ...
Science is bitter, brutalized to the lonely all-business link ... Idea linkage of all sciences is born of dissatisfaction with single knowledge. The current science is not only universal, but it is pragmatic to such a single science, as it is impossible to reach nicholas.
Skin science is designated by the method and the subject. Skin is a prospect of bachennya light, but they do not touch light yak, the skin loves a segment of action, but not action, - perhaps, one side of action, or it doesn’t work as a whole, but it’s all about skin, but it’s all without -So one in a kaleidoscope of sounds ...
Power supply and power supply: 1) What is the author? 2) Who is a philosopher of mind for such a rice of modern science, how is universality? 3) How is the problem of integration and differentiation of scientific knowledge interpreted in the text? 4) Why would the author explain the unhappiness of the general study of sciences?

It's easy to add your good robot to the knowledge base. Vicorize the form

Students, postgraduates, young people, who are victorious to develop the knowledge base in their own lives and robots, will be your best friend.

The same can be said about the laws of the ruk and about all the other fundamental theoretical laws of any field of science. At the same time, the role of grazing hypotheses, scientific modeling, and creative thinking is majestic. Bagato naukovі positivnya sotupayut in the form of hypotheses, i.e. E. Pripuschen, zdogadok. Some of the hypotheses are thought to be far-fetched, piece by piece. Ale, a scientific joke without them, is unhelpful. In the course of the advance, it is insisted on the step, if the new facts do not fit into the scope of the detailed explanations. The axis is here and there is a need for hypotheses, but for some reason to know the confirmation. So, the physicist P. Dirak has transferred the anti-electron (positron) for a few moments before the part of the ball has been detected experimentally. Science hypothesis in this case є model. Here the mirkuvannya will follow the formula “it could be so”. A lot of models are motivated by the principle of forgiveness: "it is omitted for the clarity of the details." With the help of a similar model є a statement about the ideal gas: in a new day, there are molecules, so the stench collapses all right one out of one. The model will not be analogous. Such models of Vikorists were found in the distant past. The ancient Greek philosopher Epikur, having shown his Budova birth for the sizzling hoarse til, is the first for all the grain of all kinds. In modern science, mathematical models are widely adopted, de facto intercessor in the system of mathematical equations. At the same time, it’s figurative models to advance practice in science. So, for the actions of the testimonials, the postage before the display by the nimitsy physicist A. Kekule, the formula for benzene became the first step on the street with a cart, they were carrying a tag with mavpas. They hung in the claws, paws and tails, both for the walls, for each other. Uzagalnyuchi it is said, it is possible to create a picture, how the model in nautsi vikoristovuyutsya as an analogue of reality, the built-in substitute in the singing presentation of the subject.

DIFFERENTIATION I INTEGRATION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE

Nagadaєmo to you the meaning of terms, vines at the headings. Differentiation (in Latin Differentia - development) means subdivision of the whole into parts, form and T. ... The rudiments of scientific knowledge appeared long ago. Already long ago civilizations have accumulated a number of astronomical, mathematical, medical knowledge. Long-standing misters of the first went to the root of logically linked systems - theories (mathematical, philosophical, cosmogonic). However, there are elements of scientific knowledge that can be found in larger educational systems: a handful of things in mythology, and sometimes in philosophy. A presentation about science as an independent and most valuable form of light and people will be stored in the New Hour. First of all, the scientific knowledge is starting to differentiate - being around the world of science with its own subject and methods of advancement. The science of natural sciences is being developed along the lines of mathematics. The thought is firmly established, as the laws of the laws - universal and zagalny sounds, are held in the light of nature. Vyvchennya cich zv'yazkіv we can see the order with theoretical and experimental scientific methods. Burkhlivy development of industry in the era of industrial civilization, the wines of new engineering annexes have been linked with the emergence of technical sciences. In the other half of the XIX century. the formation of social and humanitarian scientific knowledge is being seen. The emergence of huge sciences and two furnishings were added: in Perche, it was revered in the 19th century. glibokі suspіlіnі changes, wikiklіked the need for a shorter rational social processes and the ability to manage them; in a different way, the obvious progress of natural science.

The rest of the surroundings gave rise to the practice of establishing the science of sociology behind the intelligence of natural sciences: the new suspension science began to be called "social physics". Nezabarom, however, the precursors brightened their respect for the specifics of social knowledge. The humanities of science have taken shape, or, in the name of one philosopher, "science about the spirit." Tsi science with its own means, persh for all methods of analysis of the text, vivchayut manifestations of spiritual culture. In the whole area of ​​scientific knowledge є serious "competition" - philosophy and religion. Differentiation of scientific knowledge continued in the onset of ten years. The won took a particularly burlivous character in the last century. In the subject of advanced classical sciences, all new facets, the expanded palette of methods of advanced training, were seen. Tse allowed to see all the new halluses of scientific knowledge. A lot of them were aware of the style of traditional science halls: physical chemistry, mathematical linguistics, social psychology and so on. At the same time, the demand for the integration of scientific knowledge has grown, which allows the integration of often components into one picture, and hence, it is necessary to work out the link in the development of the whole. Especially the marriage of the integration of scientific knowledge is seen among the people of the vivchia as a whole system, so that it can develop. For the second time in our land in the end of the last century, there is a special scientific institute, which has established a special science institute, which has established a special scientific institute; began to appear periodically on a wide range of topics. Integration of scientific knowledge, for assessments of faculties, overshkodzhaє deficiency to unite scientific ideas; burhlive growth of faculty scientific knowledge, which does not allow us to examine articles by faculty members from a whole range of scientific disciplines (in other words, vik encyclopedists irrevocably proyshov).

YAK VIDBUVAYUSYA SCIENCES REVOLUTION

The longest hour of the development of science was a step-by-step selection of properties and clarifications of what was already known, similar to that, as the tseglink to the tseglink, the wall was built. With such a move, the picture of light does not change in its foundations, but I am deprived of all new spheres of action, the rounds of being seen by the science of knowledge can always be known in the past. To that, it is even more important to vivchati pratsi in front of them. In the middle of our capital, the American philosopher T. Kuhn proponated the concept of the development of science, not just by way of a smooth growth of new knowledge, but through periodical and fundamental changes in the systems of modern science. At the stage of the so-called normal period, the development of science and the development of science, the theory of science, is successfully resolved to resolve the emerging problems. Ale step by step to accumulate facts, but not to be explained within the framework of theories. To fix the stage of a crisis, if there are any hypotheses, to see the science, to learn new ways to solve the problems of science. As a result, new, often incomprehensible, scientific theories are formed to explain the entire wealth of accumulated empirical tributes. Tse means that the science revolution is being seen. We will hide the butt of such a revolution є the change of a scientific picture to the light, which has become on the ear of the XX century. Doslidzhennya A. Einstein, M. Planck, and the most prominent vyshchikh have previously changed their declarations about space, hour, mother. But all the same, having been a bit more adventurous, the physics of the past century did not skip a lot of phenomena, but it didn’t apply to that area, in the middle of what stench was fair.

SCIENCE MISLENNYA I SUCHASNA LYUDINA

Kozhen from us, being a far-away kind of professional science, steadily reckon with the fruits of science, so they got involved in a lot of happy speeches. It’s not a science to enter our life only through the “doors” of mass production, technical innovations, and by-side comfort. The science of the future about the world, about the world and the role of people in the new (the scientific picture of the world) in this world of people penetrate into people's lives; virobleni by science the principle and go to comprehend the reality of life in our everyday life. Approximately from the XVII century, in the world of development of industrial suspension, all the more and more authority of science, methodology (principles, approaches) of scientific thinking. With a whole range of alternative pictures of light, including the religion, and the other methods of understanding (mystical perception and іn.) Proceedings were taken to the periphery of the suspension. However, in the last ten years in the ranks of the countries with traditionally steadfast confidence in science, the situation has changed. Bagato prelude to the knowledge of science. At the same time, we talk about two types of people that have been formed. The first type of research projects. The representatives of the authorities are active, internal independence, openness to new ideas and information, readiness to nibblingly attach themselves to changes in robotics and life, practicality. Smells are open for discussion, skeptically placed before the authorities. Mindfulness to the type of specialty, based on the posed picture of light, is dominated by the installation on practical cinnamon, interest to the local and miraculous. And people, as a rule, do not joke about proofs of rejected results or not citing in their inversions. The priority is to be perceived as sensitively concrete, and not abstractly theoretical form of knowledge. The stench vvazhayut, so the message can be skinned, and not just a professional adolescent. For such people, the main support is vira, thoughts, authority. (And what type would you introduce yourself to?) Why should it grow into an infusion of alternative scientific glances and installations? The explanation is given here.

Deyaki vvazhayut, scho in the XX century. Science has shown its strengthlessness in a number of important problems for people, moreover, it has become a dilemma of new difficulties, leading the civilization back to fall. І such a point of view: people, like to the pendulum, step by step move from the phase of the change of the rational mind and science into the phase of the fall of the rationalism and the strengthening of the thrust to the top of the blood. So, the first development of coverage will be brought to the era of classical Greece: the very same information is transferred from the mythological to the rational message. Until the end of the rule of Pericles, the pendulum hitting zorotny bik: The central place was occupied by all kinds of stumps, magical lykuvannya, astrological forecasts. The priests of such a point of view vvazhayut, but now people have entered the final phase of development of rationalism, the ear of what has been deposited with the capital of Education. But, perhaps, I think I’m thinking, I’m impressed, but the civilization has already accumulated a singular choice of vibration and response and astrological intelligence more beautifully than scientific criticism and recent sums. (How do you vvazhaєte you?) Basic understanding: science theory, empirical law, hypothesis, science experiment, model, science revolution. Terms: differentiation, integration.

misinterpret yourself

1) What are the main ideas of scientific knowledge from Budyonny? 2) What is the empirical rivn of scientific knowledge characterized by? 3) What is the lure of the theoretical level of science? 4) Establish the methods of scientific knowledge. 5) What is the experiment with caution? 6) What is the role of hypothesis in scientific knowledge? 7) Guide the butt of the science model. 8) For whom is the differentiation of scientific knowledge manifested? What are the reasons? 9) What is the acceleration of the integration of scientific knowledge in the current minds? 10) How to develop a science revolution?

Think, negotiate, develop

1. The axis of yak arguments nenaukovіst astrologії nіmetsky fіlosof Popper: prorotstva astrologіv neviznachenі, їh vazhko perevіriti, bagato prorotstva not zbuvayutsya, astrologers vikoristovuyut nezadovіlny sposіb Explanation svoїh nevdach (forecast іndivіdualnogo maybutnogo - Folding zavdannya; vzaєmne roztashuvannya Zirok i planets postіyno zmіnyuєtsya i t . NS.). What criteria for the development of scientific and post-scientific knowledge can be applied to a wide range of applications? Name the criteria. 2. Open your mind to the Pushkin rows "Science will speed us up to the shvidkoplinny life." 3. L. Pasteur stverdzhuvav: “Science is to blame for the very involvement of the Batkivshchyna, since the first people will depend on the one who is ahead of the others in the field of thought and intelligence”. How do we support the process of the history by the course of history? 4. Know the pardons in the offensive text. Suvore empirical knowledge is accumulated only with a little bit of caution. Close to caution and experiment. Ale vin doesn’t give a strict knowledge, that people are here to be involved in a prelude to a subject: placing them in a non-powerful environment, seeing them in extreme minds. This rank, in the course of the experiment, the knowledge of the deprivation of a part can be taken into account, in the course of the experiment.

Correct with Dzherel

Read the trick from the robot of the Nimetsian philosopher K. Jaspers "The Vitoki of History and Meta".

bitter science

Throwing a glance at the history of the world, there are three stages of knowledge: in Pershe, the tse ratsionalizatsii vzagal, as in quiet forms є zalnogolodskogo power, to appear with people like that; ... in a different way, becoming logically and methodically assimilated science is a walnut science and in parallel the rudiments of scientific knowledge in China and India; in third, the verdict of modern science, which virosta from the beginning of Serednovichchia, rishuche asserts itself from the 17th century. and to grow at all its latitude from the 19th century. Qia science to rob European culture - in every way, from the XVII century. - from the culture of all the countries of the world ... There are three necessary signs invented: educational methods, reliability and general validity ... Such science is universal in its spirit. There is no such area, as could be seen for a trivial hour. All that is seen in the light is to be guarded, to look, to be seen, to be a manifestation of nature, whether it be the sight of people, their creation and share. Religion, all the authorities are also informed about the message. It’s not just reality, but it’s all the reasoning about vivchennya ... The science is awful, brutalized to the lonely, it’s impossible to evoke its all-common links ... The current science is not only universal, but it is pragmatic to such a single science, as it is impossible to reach nicholas. Skin science is designated by the method and the subject. Skin is a prospect of bachennya light, but they do not touch light yak, the skin loves a segment of action, but not action, - perhaps, one side of action, or it doesn’t work as a whole, but it’s all about skin, but it’s all without -So one in a kaleidoscope of sounds ... Food and staff: 1) What is the author of the stage? 2) Who is a philosopher of mind for such a rice of modern science, how is universality? 3) How is the problem of integration and differentiation of scientific knowledge interpreted in the text? 4) Why would the author explain the unhappiness of the general study of sciences?

22. social communication

Guess:

What is the difference between the social sciences and the natural sciences? What special features of performance in the spiritual sphere?

Apparently, we’re grasping over the microscope, in front of the control panel we will lift up the microscopic units, or the terminal of the weary telescope. The vivification of the living, micro- and macrosvita includes scrupulous caution, vivirenia and experimentation, inducing mathematical or computer models. Vivchayuchi suspension, vchenі also spasterauyut, torn, fatigue, and sometimes and experiment (for example, taking a cosmic experience or polarizing expertise based on the principle of psychological madness). Does it mean that the same methods should be used for vyvchennya vykorystvuyu suspension, but for vivchennya nature? Vcheni in a reasonable way were shown at the food price.

NUKOVE PIZNANNYA NATURE І SUPERIOR

Revealed about those that all sciences may vikoristovuvati methods of mathematical natural science, which originated in the XVIII century. before incessantly feuded in reality the participants in the achievements of natural science, and especially the technical additions of mechanics. The development of technology has absorbed the enormous productive forces that have never been angry, it has re-created the everyday life of people. The majestic cultural authority of the natural sciences, in recognition of the role of mechanics as an intelligence, is likely to be guilty of being as natural or suspicious of science. The founder of sociology, the French doctrine, O. Comte, vvazhav, that the science of suspension is to blame for the idea of ​​sparing social manifestations by natural-scientific methods, for which he called sociology "social physics." Yogo patron - E. Durkheim, having impressed with social facts all the suspicious phenomena, which are infused on a human being and spontaneously lead themselves to a singing rank. Prior to social facts, he was guided by the norms of law and morality, the specific ways of maintaining justice, community rulers and bringing fashion. The main principle of the scientific method in sociology is E. Durkheim vvazvvavshaya to social facts yak before speeches.

Tse meant the appearance of the connection and the fallowness between them, similar to that, before that, how to evoke the causal interconnection of the manifestations of nature. A wide expansion of naturalistic statements about suspension in the end of the XIX - the ear of the XX century. They took into account the active suspension processes of the industrial capital formation - the distribution of the social structures of the traditional suspension and the formation of the mass suspension. Itself in the mass suspension, which has been amortized by the power feudalism of the foldable social architecture, and the possibility of widely victorious mathematical methods for inoculating suspicious diseases. But not all of them gave a natural look. So, the German philosopher U. Dilthey, having respected, that “science about the spirit” is fundamentally transformed from the “sciences about nature,” Tim, who may be right with a human being - we will not survive until the end of the day. There is a special quality of svidomosty people, as well as the connection of the manifestation of his inner life. I am grateful to the honor of the suspension and culture, the teachings of the survivors, that is, the minds of the people, the people of the past, the texts and the senses of the era and the other cultures. U. Dilthey will be overthinking in the fact that the principle of the natural and sustainable sciences is polarized in the method: “science about the spirit” reasonable, while the science about nature is explained. The First Nimetsky Philosopher, Messenger of I. Kant - G. Rikkert also respecting the sciences about culture, the suttas are being considered from the sciences about nature. Х golovna vіdmіnnіst, on yogo dumka, polyagaє in the way of a presenter to the vivchennya of his ob'єkta. Vivchayuchi nature, teachings pragne viyaviti zagalne, ie Those that are similar in pre-juvenile manifestations with other manifestations of the same type. In the sciences, there is an interest in the culture of straightening with the head rank on the individual, that is, on those that are specific for the given manifestation. The very unrepeatable individuality of the object, the crossings of G. Rikkert, and in the first place the meaning of the object of culture, on the view of the objects of nature.

I would like the social science leaders, for example, economics, to use the methods of publicity, as well as the methods of social science, to inform the robot of a historian who can cite individually and unrepeatable in the future. At the same time, the practicality of the material of culture, the impulses to develop it with the meaningful values: moral, political, gospodar, artistic, religious. Vidnesennya to the out-of-the-way values, to the thought of the scientific, and the permissiveness of the sciences about culture, but also to the observational ones, like the sciences about nature. Who has the difficulty of an effective scientific understanding of the suspension? In classical natural science, the objectivity of the scientific awareness of the mindset of nature is rightfully seen by people, that is, nature is "in its own right". In addition to teaching, like vivchaє in the interaction of elementary particles or the behavior of creatures, you should not let yourself be in the past. Ale vin all the inclusions in it, wanting a special rank: win "stis nature as a mystery sposter" and having formulated the savagery up to the nature of nutrition, on whatever you want to sort out the view. A social scientist cannot be involved in the process of suspension development, and the results of his last time will pour into his life, and on his child's life. Social awareness of the interest of people - the style of social organization, critical people in everyday life and common sense. Today we can talk about the possibility of other interpretations of the suspicious life - the pluralism of thoughts. The stench bred not only by special predilections, similar to those of everyday life, but by unimportant social interests, which are turning around the growing population of people in the systems of suspicious vicissitudes. We will explain those differences of opinion and assessments, as the result of social knowledge is more important than judgment in natural science. M. Weber to direct such a butt into the flow of corporate interests on social media. Stacking the statistics of mischief, the police, seizing the "honor of the uniform", pragmatically imagine whether or not to blame it as suicide, just like a church, hate reports about suicide as a hateful grudge, grasping mischief in the minds of money. English philosopher of the 17th century T. Hobbes and called us vvvsya, that as if geometriya won the interest of people, then they would dispute or contemplate. The infusion of social interests in social development is most clearly manifested in ideology - theoretical rotation of social interests in pre-election declarations, programs of political parties and wide community. Rivneuchi ideologicheskih installations of the agile political parties, albeit peredvibornyh ob'єdnan, persh for all the years of z'yasuvati, the interest of some suspicious forces stinks. As nature is concerned about the help to understand the reasons and the passage, then the human action - vivchayuchi motives, the goals and thoughts of people. And if the reason in nature is dependent on inheritance, then the motives and thoughts of one people, a foldable rank, interrelated with the motives and intentions of those people, as well as traditions, morality and the laws of suspension, are far from being involved. Because of the lack of social norms and socially significant motives of behavior, for example, it is possible to sell goods at a fixed price, failure to appear in court, recovery from reasons of failure, so the inability to дії. In scientific social knowledge, I can help you with people’s activities and heritage, that is, with the steps in culture and life. Tsei svit of olyudenniy, in assimilation and comprehension. Understanding the sense of the subject is specific to the human subject. M. Weber vvazhiv, that the sociological progress of the suspension is aimed at the rationalization of the messages of individual human actions, which are stored in the endless life. Is it possible to scientifically evolve sub-active social actors: messages, motives, thoughts? Even in the minds of the natural sciences, the stinks are immaterial and visceral to people being put to objects of any kind, and not by themselves. Yak bachimo, it’s difficult to get on the way to the effective scientific knowledge of the great suspension. What is the fault of the cheruvatisia of the teachings, to reach the sufficient level of accuracy and observance of social knowledge?

The main principles of SCIENTIFIC SOCIAL PERFORMANCE

For this purpose, it’s difficult to podolati, when injecting a suspicious life of the experience, use scientific methods. Investigations, like vivch suspension, go to the natural sciences, that is, to the natural sciences, as well as the suspension sciences, ways to add knowledge and standards of scientific awareness. Prior to them, reliance on facts, rigor and unambiguity of theoretical understanding, the proof of the world and the logical inconsistency, the activity of science, that is. Allegedly, the suspension has its own specialties. Against the backdrop of natural history, which is pragmatic before it is not completely uncontrolled to flow in on the subject of progress and in general to back up the minds of the progress of the activity of scientific knowledge, the insight-sociologist of the vivchian is able to find such a і її participant. Moreover, in the mind of the successful knowledge of these people, cultures and historical epochs, the health of the spirits, spirituality, the health of being able to see and seeing people appear. Tse nabuvah of special significance in the situation "take care of the fate of the guardian", in which teachings and the child himself is so, as ti, who is spostering. Aleksei is guilty of being guilty of a borderline respectful until quiet change of mind of his misery, which was gleaned from his vile life, from the tradition of his education, vikhovannya and scientific school: disrespect to them can create a picture of the life of other people and cultures. To Tom Weber, having called out the invented “to take the distance from the date to the object,” alternating, uncritically putting it to his own socio-cultural admonition when the alien's insistence is inculcated, and the day is condemned, because of his life. Vcheniy-sociologist pragne to describe the peculiarities of the pre-lingual object. Tse means, well, be it socially, it is necessary to look at it in yogo historical development and in a mutual connection with other social phenomena, that is, in the historical and cultural context. In order to understand, for example, the social nature of the Jacobin terror, it is necessary to look at it not as an isolated pod, but in the context of the Great French Revolution, as one of the stages of development. But before the very Great French Revolution, it is necessary to go concretely and historically, to see the systemic links with the other stages of the European history, and at the same time they do not accept the respect of the fact that they were experiencing the times of the day. The science of history helps us to see the sounds of the clock, without which it would have fallen into a series of appearances. Vaughn spiraling into historical documents is a testimony that allows you to express your thoughts about the life of our ancestors. However, the fact of science is not a matter of life. Chi is not є vin and a scrupulous description of what to see. A scientific fact depends on the transfer of meaningful manifestations to a prelude to suspicious manifestations. The wine includes an assessment of our role in the way we see it, the interpretation of a social fact. Constructing an integral science theory, doctrines based on the facts, which are significant for the rationalization of social laws. Yo, a theoretical installation, from one side, itself starts a direct joke of new facts, the idea of ​​some transmission of this concept;

IDEAL TYPE - INSTRUMENT OF SCIENTIFIC SOCIAL PICTURE

In scientific social knowledge, as it is in the sciences about nature, vikoristovuyut a scientific understanding. During the development of social events, it is up to the victorious to understand a special kind - ideal types. The ideal type allows the visualization of the present, the stylish repetition of the rice of the sub''cta of the singing social activity. So, describe ideal type capitalist pedagogue, M. Weber small portrait young man an ascetic way of life, protestant vіrospovіdannya, yaky tsіlіsіnky rose day from the village to the place, organizing delivery of syruvina to the mіstsya recycling, and finished goods - to the market. Evidently, an ideal type of adding to the concreteness of the artistic image. We don’t know, like the sound of a young man, she’s alive, like the very product of a viroblya. Ale the same publicity of characteristics is important for the scientific social knowledge: the program of artistic comprehension of the light in concreteness, the ideal type allows us to go beyond the framework of the explicit situation and describe the types, that is, E. Stiyko sub'yuvan, characteristics of the singing sub'yuvan any bi furnishings won’t be seen. Ideally, the methodology allowed M. Weber to theoretically violate the laws of the process of becoming capitalism in Western Europe without any doubt to the development of specific minds in the Eastern lands. Victory of ideal types in addition to helping the physician to recognize the knowledge of the styles and systematically created in the names of great groups of people, classes, powers. For additional ideal types of insights, you can look into the maybut, or even in that world, in the rice of the fun, presented as the types, to take your meaning in the maybut. The ideal type is an instrument of social analysis not by describing the behavior of a particular person. He is a character of a scientific picture of the social process, as he creates a real life in the whole rice.

Budyonny and SOCIAL KNOWLEDGE SCIENCE

Until now, we have been talking about scientific social knowledge. Ale the understanding of social knowledge nabagato shirshe. I am looking for the whole array of accumulated knowledge about the people and the suspension, which have been embedded in the traditional tradition, as well as in books, science stories, works of art and historical memorials, as for those who play the role of documents. social knowledge Maybe we’re not only scientific, but we’ll be weary, that is, we’ll get caught up in our everyday life. We will learn the science of science, we will learn, systematized and given the rules of the scientific method. The knowledge of the day, as a rule, is not systematized and not understood - I can notify the vigilantes with little or no call. In the first place in the science of science, we are in a special category of professionally prepared people who share in the science of art, then the sub-category of everyday knowledge is suspension in general. One of the peculiarities of scientific social knowledge in the context of natural-scientific fields is that the object of scientific social knowledge, as a rule, is also the same as the development of all kinds of missions. And if the scientific picture of nature does not mean anything for physical fields and particles, then the scientific picture of the suspension seems to be such a reality, as it is already interpreted by people in everyday life. The first social light, as well as comprehension on the level of everyday knowledge, is guilty, in his own devil, to comprehend according to the rules of the scientific method. However, tse does not mean that everyday knowledge is pardonable, but in science it is true. Nowadays, it’s important to insult the type of social knowledge that one is important in a suspended life. Science is guilty of respecting everyday life, including gracious ones, by people, vivchati suspended thought of all versions of the suspension. Today, there is a lack of support in everyday life, not only folding technical annexes, but also folding forms of social relations, which require knowledge in economic, political, legal areas.

To that, a ludin is so desperate in a haunted life that one cannot do without the brutalization of the elements of scientific knowledge. Everyday life of everyday life includes elements of science. Apparently, Lyudin, having answered the phone, the call is not necessary, because the technical attachments themselves allow the sound to be reproduced in a voice for hundreds of kilometers, however, the announcement about those, that the telephone device transmits all the sound maє. I would like to know the fact that the person is showing and developing scientific social knowledge. The one who brought the rakhunok to the bank is not bound by the laws of paperwork pennies. Alevin can tell about pennies and ways of regulating your suspicious messages with a robot manager, about inflation, banking communications. A great inflow on the everyday social life to get a lot of mass information. Lyudin's bitch learn about those who are seen in newspapers, radio and television. Vladno intrude into our life, get the mass information to convey to the peer, the reader, the hearer of the judgment about those who see it, that is, E. Albeit, I can’t take the thought out of the way. The journalist pragmatically informs about the subject, most often the role of vipadkovichny, aleefective details, which can help the enemy. Vchenoj, navpaki, to cite the essence of the pre-sentient manifestation in the purified form of the kind of viglyad. In addition, the illumination of the story is tied to the third level of depletion in the mass information from the government and financial corporations, that is, from the level of freedom of speech reached in the suspension. To this, the skin of a person is guilty of a significant reserve of social knowledge, in the form of preparation and analysis of information, gleaned from young dzherels, which must be taken into account to give an estimate of what is needed to be taken into suspensions.

SOCIAL SCIENCES І HUMANITARNE ZNANNYA

Social knowledge includes not only social science and general knowledge, but the majestic sphere of humanity knowledge. Prior to the social sciences, there are all types of scientific knowledge of the suspension, as the rules of the scientific method are adopted. Tse, as you know, sociology, economics, politics, legal science, ethnography and in. Social sciences circulate knowledge about unmistakably strong and systematic communication between nations, classes, and professional groups. Social sciences teach their subject behind the addition of ideal types, so that they allow them to achieve style and repetition in human activities, in suspension and culture. Humanitarian knowledge is brutalized to the spiritual light of the people. The guardians of the humanitarian knowledge are schoolers, reviews, lives of people seen, public appearances, software applications, artist criticism, epistolary decline. Їх vivchaє psychology, linguistics, mastery, literary knowledge. Cordon mіzh social sciences and humanitarian knowledge is not horrible. Social sciences, zberigayuchi links with the life of people, include in itself the elements of humanitarian knowledge. If the historian is aware of the historical regularities and ideal-type characteristics, he is guilty of social doctrines. Beat up to motives of every individual and vivchayuchis, sheets and texts of the appearances, vin diє yak vchenii-gumanitarii. Ale and the humanitarian knowledge of the posed elements of the social. I will talk about the rules of folding biographies and describe the types of vipadkiv, as it is more and more victorious to become involved in the modern scientific sciences. assessment artistic creations, In its own way, also not to the sub-active thoughts of the critic, but to spiral into the analysis of the composition of the creator, artistic images, artistic variety and so on. Zvernene to the spiritual light of the people, to experience, fears and hopes, to humanity's knowledge of vimaghak minds. Intelligence text - means nadati youomu sense. Ale vin may not be called such a creator. We can’t have any reliable knowledge about your thoughts and feelings, but judging about them, you will be deprived of this even the most degree of immobility.

Ale me is the interpreter of the text, that is, the author is attributed to him. And then I’ll get close to the author’s rounds, I’m sure the nobility, who wrote a tvir for what circumstances, what kind of author’s spilkuvannya, like putting a win in front of him. Lyudina nadilaє the text is different from the standpoint of a special stock of social knowledge. To that great create a mystery in a pictorial way, to be seen in the hearts of millions of people and to save their own meaning for their generation. Not volodyuly rigorous and universality of natural science knowledge, humanity knowledge of the vicon important functions in culture. Zvernenie before the spiritual light of the people, the humanistic knowledge of awakening in the new pragnennya to the present and beautiful, ennobled pragmatism, sponding to moral and glorious jokes. In the most advanced forms, such a show of involvement in philosophy, and the most advanced form of this, is a philosopher in this world, in which he is asked to feed the butt and knowledge, moral understanding and reasonable arrangement of suspension. Entering the light of the humanitarian knowledge, the people expanding the horizons of knowledge, to learn to understand someone else's - and their own power - the inner light with such a step of the glibini, which is inappropriate in the found special kind of spirit. In the human culture of a human being, there is a gift of social experience, a sense of spirituality, the state of mind of a person, to grant the very power of a social life in a suspension. Basic understanding: scientific social knowledge, everyday knowledge, methods of social knowledge, social fact, wisdom, value, interpretation, intelligence. Terms: cultural context, concretely-historical background, ideal type.

misinterpret yourself

1) Who has the freedom of social knowledge in the context of natural sciences? What to learn about the activity of natural science, social and humanitarian knowledge? 2) How can you identify the fact of social science from the background, from the time you spent in your life? 3) Who has the problem of interpreting the text, vchinku, historical document? What does it mean correctly? Qi can you reach one of the correct minds? 4) How can we create an ideal type from an artistic image? Qi can you respect an ideal type by a scientific description of a particular people? 5) What is the meaning of solidity, how is everyday knowledge pomilkovo, but scientifically true? Need a vivchati community dummy?

Think, negotiate, develop

1. The fortunate philosopher P. Berger, looking at the abundance of prestige from the arrangement of the enormous forces, wrote: "Whoever has a better club, he has a greater chance of imposing his own declaration on the suspension." What do you want for such gifts? 2.Isnuє thought, but history isn’t in a clever way. Chi varto negotiate those, how could it be, yakby did not become? Chi є omissions chance and power wasted by social facts? Explain your opinion. 3. Social knowledge is accepted in social science and humanity. To which of these parts can one bring Protagoras' thesis “Lyudin the world of all speeches”? 4. There is a parable about two writers. On food, how to stink, one responds: "I pull stones", and the other: "I will be a temple." Why can you say that one is true, but one is bullshit? Argument your opinion. 5. Nimetsky philosopher U. Dilthey, having insisted on being intelligent - “to mean having a special experience”.

What are you looking for? How can a person be aware of those who have not experienced it himself? And why will you especially survive the noise? 6. The writer of the Pimen from the tragedy of Alexander Pushkin "Boris Godunov" pochak Grigoria Otrep'ev: "Describe, you are not wise, all those who will have a testimony in your life." How can it be possible to describe in principle the historical pod_y, vіlne from the interpretations? Specify sv_y visnovok, vikoristovuyuchi knowledge of the course of history. 7. To see if they were, like Miklouho-Maclay, they violated the life of the tubular tribes. If you are a beast, I respect you for everything: - for those who fall into your eyes for everything; - to those who see the life of our children; - on the stylistic and repetitive forms of practical activity?

Correct with Dzherel

Check out the book from A. Schutz's book.

About natural and social sciences

The formation of understanding and theories in the social sciences has become a topic of discussion, as it was not only logics and methodologies that were cut out for the first time, but the social scientists themselves into two groups. Some of them saw the point of view, but for one reason the methods of the natural sciences were given, but they brought to such great results, є scientific, and also, deprived of the stench of all ichni reasons of guilt of victorious for the sake of human rights. Vіdmova from іkh victoriyannya, as a matter of fact, not allowing the social sciences to develop explanatory theories, according to the accuracy of those derived from natural sciences ... The process of seeing has led to the extreme extremes, and itself to the point of social science, the whole process of thinking from the natural. A pointless argument was brought to the forefront of the central point of view. Stverdzhuvalos, who are social sciences ... the power is individualizing the sentiments and the poses of the one-sided sentiments, at that time, as natural science, they are mundane, it is the enticing shud of the distant, reliable judgments. In a word, the clerks of the central school are guilty, that natural science is guilty of mothers, I can do justice with material objects and processes, social sciences - with psychological and intellectual, and even more, by the method of first and explanation, and others - by reason. Power supply and management: Why do you think that in the sciences about nature it is hard to reach the point, and science about people cannot be explained?

23. Knowledge and testimony

Guess:

what is the misleading? What is the knowledge? What are the special features of social knowledge?

At the same time, there is a debate about the day, the walking and the function of the information. What is the understanding of the understanding of the “knowledge”?

Lyudin, who has become richly rocked in school, does not need to explain what the word "knowledge" means. Know, see, intelligence - mean information about those areas of reality. Knowledge to oppose ignorance, ignorance. Vivchennyam svidomostі is engaged in psychology, philosophy.

SCHO TAKE SVIDOMІST

The wisdom of the day of witnessing is in direct fallowness because of the vision of nutrition about the relationship between the spirit and nature, matter and quality. The realization of the primacy of the ideal mind before the re-realization of witness into self-consciousness, how to create light. This kind of turnings in the period of Antiquity in the philosophy of Plato. In the middle of this kind of ideas in Christian philosophy (the nose of all the evidence is God). At the Novy Hour in the Nimetskiy classic philosophy, the ideas evolve in the glances of G. Hegel. The material philosophy of looking at the evidence as the power of highly organized matter, as the sub-active image of the objective light, as the ideal, that is. Solution of the problem of communication and change of mind Materialism in the background of the power of imagination, which lies at the foundation of motherhood. The evidence of the winery in the process of work, grows and grows in the flow of social and cultural reality. The primary role is played by the practice. The core of the svidomosty is to become knowledge. Therefore, for materialism, it is legitimate to assign information as a sub'active image to an objective light. It’s not so good, as the building of the people, for the people of the knowledge, see themselves with a new light and protist themselves as a sub'kta yak yak ob'yktu.

Svidomost - the whole and in front of the obvious prompts the image of the self-performance and gained in the course of the singing result. The power of svіdomosti є activity and vibration, sub'activity and creativity is the beginning. The first from the power of the polarity is that the components of the svidomosty are the images of action and images of uyav, words, emotsii, volovi impulses and in. - to form a complete picture in the presence of the fact that the combination of components is possible. The quality of the call is similar to the mirror or the water surface, in which there is a great deal of action. The whole action is chimeric to break, to combine with surrounding fragments. For young people, there is an ideal action, as there is a set of services, it can be realized. Those who are sick of one, can be baiduzhe іnshomu. The evidence of the image of what is sensible for us. Such vibrancy is manifested both on the individual level, and on the community level.

"Lyudina is itself insignificant bilina in nature, ale bilina mislyach."

Blaise Pascal

The most important components of the testimony are the consumer and the will. Vzaєmodiya zіtom pozzhu among people yak nosіya svidomostі singing stosunok. The price turns not only in explicit assessments, ala and in emotsiyah, pochutty. The process of learning to tinker with all sides of the inner world of people - consumer, interest, feeling, will. Important is the role of memory, as it allows you to take the time to see it, to transfer the mistook between the past and the day, as well as on the other hand, the past and the future. Oscillations are the subject of witness є not only the name of the light, but the sub''ct itself, the notion of evidence, the moment of witness є self-awareness. Self-awareness is the process of learning about people's own spirituality, thoughts, feelings, interests, consumerism. About the new move in the offensive paragraph. Somewhat internally, they are tied with unaccountable, as it is not easy to oppose them, moreover, an unaccountable role in the life of people is introduced. Ale іsnu y іnsha treaty, how to go with the priority of svіdom. It is not possible to see it as a product of a certain quality. Those who were previously known in the realm of svidomosti, go in unrecognized. I have my own devil, unaware, in the depths of the psyche of the people, I know I’m splitting into the area of ​​svidomosty. At the same time, a bitter psychology stuck with it, but not everything that can be brought to knowledge is learned. Knowledge is not only those that people know, but those, forgive me at the moment I don’t think, and I don’t understand that, but it’s easy to get over the bunnies of our own information, for example, we learn the powerful theorems of water and factual biographies and so on. It is also the knowledge that people can be guilty of reprimanding, but they can learn more about the great difficulties, as if they could be like that. Tse іndivіdualne implicit knowledge, scho vicoristovutsya, for example, by experts. Knowing some of the things in the singing hallucination of science, the expert, if necessary, may not see his knowledge from the foreign sumy to the singing vipadk, єkt is indicative of the fact that it is about new vidomo. Awareness of all the changes in minds and the inheritance of scientific theories can hardly be found in the singing minds, and none of them will be remembered. In addition, it is practical not to be aware of the actions of the specialties, the actions of the installation of specialties, which are mentioned in the paragraph about the directing of specialties. From what has been said, it is possible to create a picture, but the knowledge of the necessary mental testimony, albeit with a mind that is far from sufficient. A number of philosophies as head signs of svidomosty see not knowledge, but directness to the singing object, object. Lyudin may not have any nobility about any object, ale, as if he sees it, he is directed to his new interest, the whole object will become an object of witness. J. Locke to establish a theory about two dzherelakh knowledge: seeing, knitted from the outward light, and reflexion as guarding the mind for the power of power. Ostannya, for Locke, and witness. With this kind of intelligence, the evidence is like a specific reality, a special internal light, a kind of sub''єkt of knowledge. By the way of knowing є self-perception, which can be manifested in the form of self-guarding. Still one point of view on the day of witnessing the idea of ​​thinking about ideas - individual people. The term “witness” by G. Hegel and K. Marx lived in the most significant sense, talking about suspicious witness, class certitude. I knew the understanding of suspicious testimony wider sucking in the philosophy of Marxism.

SVIDOMIST INDIVIDUALNE І GROMADSKE

Suspicious testimony is not without evidence of specific features. Special ideas and reassurance to the character of suspicious value, the meaning of social strength, if it stinks to go beyond a special idea and become a bogeyman, a bogus rule, or a reversal, to enter the backbone, witnesses At the same time, the author's individual biography of this idea is no longer in the original role. So, hanging in the concrete minds of the idea of ​​a suspension of the agreement and the idea of ​​the government did not lose the authorship, but rather became an important part of the suspension. Alle, the suspension is vibrating to be put up to the results of individual performance: it’s just as it is, but it’s okay. It is far from being skinny to reach individual svidomosty to enter the vast mass of suspicious svidomosty. It’s not possible to lay down the spirit of the world and the social significance of the spiritual power of this particularity, as long as you consume the spirit of an hour in creativity. Have your own chergu, an analogous rank for both and individual testimony.

Vono absorbs far from all the elements of suspicious svidomosty. Historically, by the suspension of the norms of witness, to spiritually live the specialness, to become a jerk of moral attributions, perekonan, aesthetic feelings and manifestation. Ale kozhen s people in a rational way (due to their special, individual characteristics), they are sprying in suspenseful properties. The share of such historical specialties, such as J. Bruno, G. Galilei, Jeanne d'Arc, is the share of our fellow participants in the manifestation of the supernaturalness of the special and suspicious quality, as well as the suspension of the peculiarities of the spirituality of that system. It takes an hour to make a contribution to the development of suspicious properties. from a suspicious testimony. people enters into dialogue from suspicious testimony, є to reality, from which it is brought to rakhuvatisya. the testimony of ma vlasnі dzherela development, so the skin personality is unique, unaffected by Unity of integration of human culture.

The essence and peculiarity of the GROMADSKY SVIDOMOSTI

In the process of the spiritual life of the suspension, personal knowledge is formed and placed before nature, an active action, to all that is brought into the suspension. In addition, in the suspension, the mood, sings, sounds, traditions of the peoples, as well as the particularity of the mental warehouse of young social groups, are rooted in. So, it is accepted to talk about the dilettanity of the Americans, or the accuracy and pedantry of the nimts. At the same time, not all representatives of this group are necessarily associated with these names.

...

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Throwing a glance at the history of the world, there are three stages of knowledge: in Pershe, the tse ratsionalizatsii vzagal, as in quiet forms є zalnogolodskogo power, to appear with people like that; ... in a different way, becoming logically and methodically assimilated science is a walnut science and in parallel the rudiments of scientific knowledge in China and India; in third, the verdict of modern science, which virosta from the beginning of Serednovichchia, rishuche asserts itself from the 17th century. and to grow at all its latitude from the 19th century. Qia science to rob European culture - in every way, from the XVII century. - from the culture of all countries ...
There are three necessary signs that are attached: educational methods, reliability and general validity ...
bitter science universal behind your spirit. There is no such area, as could be seen for a trivial hour. All that is seen in the light is to be guarded, to look, to be seen, to be a manifestation of nature, whether it be the sight of people, their creation and share. Religion, all the authorities are also informed about the message. It’s not just the reality, but all the reasonable possibilities are about the vivchennya ...
Science is bitter, brutalized to the lonely all-business link ... Idea linkage of all sciences is born of dissatisfaction with single knowledge. The current science is not only universal, but it is pragmatic to such a single science, as it is impossible to reach nicholas.
Skin science is designated by the method and the subject. Skin is a prospect of bachennya light, but they do not touch light yak, the skin loves a segment of action, but not action, - perhaps, one side of action, or it doesn’t work as a whole, but it’s all about skin, but it’s all without -So one in a kaleidoscope of sounds ...
Power supply and power supply: 1) What is the author? 2) Who is a philosopher of mind for such a rice of modern science, how is universality? 3) How is the problem of integration and differentiation of scientific knowledge interpreted in the text? 4) Why would the author explain the unhappiness of the general study of sciences?

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Suspіlstvoznavstvo .. a professional training for the class of zagalno-svitnіkh established by editors ln Bogolyubov and yu Lazebnіkovoіn m Smirnovoї ..

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Gotuєmosya to іspitu
Chapter I. SOCIAL AND HUMANITARIAN KNOWLEDGE THAT PROFESIAYNA DIAALNIST § 1. Science and philosophy

Philosophy about suspension knowledge
The very term "socially-humanitarian knowledge" is applied to those who have new species definition, that is, the term of the fiksun is not a style of communication, but a definition. situation

Myth, kazka, perekaz
When the myths and kazki are separated from the current folklore, it means that the myth is the successor of the kazka, but in kaztsi in the context of the myth it appears ...

Shidna philosophy: what is the knowledge of traditionalism?
The Greeks were clear about it, the knowledge that it came to the descent, they didn’t shiver in awe ... On one side, the stench cracked the taunnitsy, reimagining them, the genim of the knowledge of the late days of humanity. H

Philosophy and Community Science in New and New Hour
Guess: how is the changing camp of the Catholic Church for the incessant Reformation? She brought something new at times

We descend, I am down with the sighted
Svitova history not like the world of our hour. The history of the people is short, as if they were torn from the history of the growls and the creatures, not even apparently about the life of the planets. Raptovy pidyom і zanepad cher

From the history of the Russian philosophical thought
Guess: what was the characterization of the development of spiritual culture in Kiev Rus, the Moscow state? Scho s

Freedom is political and freedom is spiritual
Sobornost means the conquest of the unity and freedom of the bagatokh on the basis of their zeal love for God and all absolute values. It is easy to bachiti, but the principle of conciliarity is of great importance not only

Lyudin and people
Yak bi was not genially rich in the spiritual life of this chi people, like a bi fountain the power of his call did not beat, it’s still not self-sufficient and surrounded, since it’s not a matter of acquiring spiritual values

The essence of people yak the problem of philosophy
Guess what are the special features of anthropogenesis and social genesis? Yake mіsce led people into the living tree

Suspension yak system that can develop
Guess: what is a mechanical system characterized by? Who can rotate the integrity of living organisms? Before

typology of partnerships
Guess: what are the main conditions for viewing the suspension? What is characterized by a historical-typological level

Historical development of people: jokes of social macrotheory
Guess: how to be referred to historical dzherel? What are the methods of vivchennya іstorії? Yaki civilization of existence

historical process
Guess: how to improve the philosophy of nutrition about the sense and directness of the suspension development? Who has a dip

The role of the people in the historical process
The qia role is interpreted by the members of the team in a pictorial way. In Marxist philosophy, it is the task of the people of the people, to be brought to the Persha by the working people, to the creators of history, to play a decisive

Social groups and community organizations
Kozhen іndived to lay down to any kind of spirituality. Talk about the participants in the historical process, and the animals up to such spins, like social groups. English philosopher T. Hobbes

historical specialties
On the ear of a paragraph, the universality of the historical process is indicated. Oskіlki vіn want to show all the humanity, in the number of historical specialties there are diyachі small spheres

The Problem of Suspended Progress
Guess: what is the science of contribution to understanding "suspension"? How to create a line-and-stage transition to n

Yak mi hyshchamo my own feeling of freedom
If you change your mind when you are intrusive, then the stench can be taken away as an intrusion into the sphere of freedom of the individual vibration and by yourself activates the noise of the way to capture them. So, it’s easy

Conducting the great hour by young Muscovites
Form of administration Social status (in%) Middle food Middle Lower middle Low

The symbolic nature of culture
Be it a structure, like a subservient to the sphere of social spilkuvannya, є mova. It means that you have adopted a system of signs, that you can get used to it according to the members of the given team.

Labor activity
Guess what is the role of gravitas in the evolution of the people? Why are the works of pravovidnosini? chim kv

Sociology about satisfaction with pracea
People are put in a smart way to their best. Some do not re-dress themselves with a robot and work in cold weather. Інші literally "burn" on the robot. Come to the house, think about the stink of those who didn't get up

Political activity
Guess: what is the sphere of politics? Who has a polyagaє sense understanding "Vlad"?

The problem of knowledge
Guess: what is the organi chuttya є among the people? How do you co-ordinate? So also the testimony of cholo

What is my image?
Why did they know the dog was smacked by the wool, the legs, the eyes, the vuha that іn. Qia problem - how to fix it up to a part of the first statty

Truth and Criteria
Guess what, in the history of the philosophical thought, did you see the food about the sport and the knowledge? Whom to turn

Vira i knowledge
As we pose and see us squarely, there is no way we can’t be seen by the nobility, so everything that is known (real), that is. Vidchuvayuchi

practical misleading
The difference between the theoretical and practical goals of the field is in the fact that the stench is linked with practice: not in the fact that one of them can be connected with practice, but in that it is not, but in that, it’s hara

social communication
Guess: who has the opinion of the social sciences from the sciences about nature? What are the specialties of performance in spirits

About natural and social sciences
The formation of understanding and theories in the social sciences has become a topic of discussion, as it was not only logics and methodologies that were cut out for the first time, but the social scientists themselves into two groups. One z

soul to NATO
... The decision to take advantage of social interests, take the picks to visit famous people from the specialties of the galuzi, there are still few people who take the pick of the bad, so in that

I-concept
People who have come to know about themselves and those who know them, do not get overwhelmed. Kozhen vityagu from vlstnykh experience yakesh ustotne from his point of view utrimanny

Specialty yak subject vivchennya
As natural science, can be the subject of vivchennya people, to analyze their power as a biological and unrepentant biological organisms, the specialty is as a social quality of people in front of

Periodization of development of special features
Yakim rank of vzaamopov'yazani psychic development What are the specialties and the main activity? Formerly a historical principle at the vivchennya of Riznykh Periods vіkova development in psychology viv L.S. Vigotsky

The development stages of the specialty for E. Erikson
Etap Yakiy vibir zd_ysnyuєtsya I Dovira to svitu - unsuccessful to new II Formation a

Historical character of the dynasty
Today, it’s not a part of human life in the era and when it’s built on a natural basis, it’s important to be aware of it. Zvichne three: dignity, childhood and youth - yak bu

Behavior and installation
Three competing theories explain why our projects are injected onto the hardened, and how to represent our installations. The theory of self-presentation is important, that people, especially those who control their behavior in

communal bar'єri
Winning bar'єru reason can be viciously for a number of reasons, both psychological and in order. Winning can be made through mistakes in the process of transferring information. [...] Phenomenon

Vzaєmodiya in spіlnu dіyalnist
When looking at spilkuvannya from the point of view of the interaction of people, it is necessary to mother on the basis of meta spilkuvannya. With such a mark, є contentedly consume people in the spiln_dіyalnstі. result

sprinkling pardons
Legally due to the status of the people, the inventories were changed, given by the photographs. For example: Zlochinets. “There is a sense of sound, it’s reasonable to wonder and without sound. Z

Group size and conformity behavior
Guess: Who can you expect people to vibrate, in what kind of brother do they share? Scho performance

Please the young squads
Rozpodіlіt your hour: to lay down all the uncommon year. Do not get lost with your cholovik: marry yogo on the posad in yogo department, shokhvilini nagaduyuchi yomu, wіn guilt is all guilty of lying about

Types of negotiation scenarios
Negotiate є such a model of organizing conflicts and distributions, as transferring “direct” interests of conflicting parties through the discussion by participants of their diverse

As soon as it is completed and straightforwardly scientifically advanced, it includes a number of steps that can formally be described in the coming after-days: 1.

Winning problems. With a wide range of problems, the problems can be both empirical and theoretical in nature. 2.

Visuvannya of hypotheses and meaning of specific hallucinations for the purpose of rejecting new facts. Visualization and fixation of the object and subject of the report, the setting of goals and the formulation of the report.

Hypotheses are about possible results, which will be discarded in the course of further development. Hypotheses can be both theoretical (explanatory) and temperamental.

Ob'kt doslіdzhennya - tse іnuchіy objectivally, there is an infinite number of authorities, sounds, apparently a fragment of a navkolishnogo light, which is to cite a glimpse.

The subject of the message is a clearly marked side (power, communication, communication) of the object, yaku is supposed to be read.

Tsilі doslіdzhennya - those who are transferred to trimmed (or trimmed) as the main and publicized results of tatsіdіdzhennya.

Zavdannya doslіdzhennya is a formulation of what, in some ways, can be otrimanі (or bouli otrimanі) on the basis of results. 3.

Planning the dosage and vibration of specific methods. 4.

Realization of the message. 5.

Processing of the same results: as good as possible (statistical). 6.

Interpretation and publicizing of the results: easy or predictable hypotheses; formula for bathing laws and deposits; pobudova scientific theories.

It would mean that the implementation of the pre-slate action can be seen from the formal end-date of the description of the stages. At the same time, as a rule, such regular stages of the functional organization of scientific advice are taken:

Visuvannya to overturn hypotheses: a) within the framework of a toiling scientific theory; b) go beyond the framework of explicit scientific theories.

Zbir and analysis of theoretical obruntuvani and spontaneous hanging hypotheses.

Zbir danikh with the mark of empirical confirmation, or to spread the hypothesis: b) organizing action, directing on the rejection of new empirical tributes.

Supported by the hanging hypotheses, please submit:

a) before the approval of the explicit scientific theory;

b) before the formulation of a new scientific theory.

The extension of the hanging hypothesis is given: a) before the extension of the scientific theory, within the framework of which the hypothesis was formulated; b) until the hypothesis is spread and until the acceptance of any other alternative hypotheses is accepted.

Also, by the same token, can you be cleverly seen in modern science?:

  1. How can you see it in ancient philosophy and in what art works?
  2. 1.3.2. The structure of the current scientific knowledge Yaki tipi knowledge є in the middle of the skin science area?
  3. FUNCTIONAL SUPPORT: SYNTHESIS OF HUMANITARIAN AND CULTURAL AND SCIENTIFIC AND RATIONAL STRATEGIES OF DEVELOPMENT THEORY AND METHODOLOGY INNOVATSIYNOЇ DIAALNOSTI IN THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF O.
  4. 1 Yakі visnovka can be revived from our falling asleep [to prove the butt of God] about the change of the natural order over the supernatural
  5. 1.5.2. Problems arising in the case of a wide range of scientific knowledge What problems arise in the interpretation of sign-symbolic problems, in which science knowledge is involved?