The scent saw the brain. Scent corn. The smelling brain, the central and peripheral viddili
When you look around the brain of a person, it is easy to develop three great parts:
The anatomical names of the details of the reminiscent images were presented historically and do not represent the evolutionary history of the primates' brain, nor the real sub-base on the morphologically structured images. Three obvious ones to the brain are deprived of Danin's epoch of Renewal, if the progress and maybutn of the people are boundless. In the neurobiological reality, the morphological Bud's brain has a lot of prosaicity.
Perche, yak zgaduvalya earlier, scent - one of the sensory modality, yak nezposeredno tied to the brain. It is possible, through the phylogenetic link of the scent sensory activity, to be transferred without the middle from the scent cybulini to the scent bark, without the thalamic relay. Thus, the transsthalamic projection is not a sutta for the transmission of sensory information to the neocortex.
In other words, neural integration and analysis of scent stimuli may not include topographic organization for scent cybulin. Olfactory mockers are not internally ordered bridles of spacious axes, such as zir and somatic visibility, but rather bridging of the frequency axes, such as listening. At that time, it’s possible, but more foldable organization can be found in a small bag.
With an average mass of 1310 g of mass of borax, the cerebral mass becomes 140-150 g, and the corns - 120-160 m Already, the mass of the cereal grows from 78 to 90% of the cerebral mass of the brain. Spinal cord mass іdko perevischuє 34 m
Є The surface of the great brain is covered with folds, which is a large area. Approximately 1/3 of the outside area should go to the outer surface, and the European population should be close to 4500 sq. Cm (for both cerebral infusions). The mucous membrane of a man is majestic in the number of furrows and izvilinoks. If you cleverly flutter all the izvilinki cornice, then the second one will be more than 2 m with a width of 15 -20 cm.
Thirdly, the neurons of the scent receptors demonstrate a meaningful turnover by the stretching of the life. The stench will be gradually replaced by the metotic growth of the basal population of stovburoy clitins in the scent eatery. Smell receptors є by single neurons, which are inserted into the surface of the body, and then they can be infused into the navkolishn middle. Well, try to be more challenging for the image and the image of regenerative health. If you want to link to the receptor of the cell, you can also turn around, for example, taste the receptor, There are no reference neurons, which rob synapses in the central nervous system.
smelling brain(Rhinencephalon) grow on the lower and medial surfaces of the brain and mentally move to the peripheral and central sides.
The scent cybulin (bulbus olfactorius) and tract (tractus olfactorius) are introduced to the peripheral viddil of the scent brain, which is located on the lower surface of the frontal part in the sulcus olfactorius. The scent tract ends with a scent trikutnik (trigonum olfactorium), which, in front of the anterior perforated speech (substantia perforata anterior), spreads out with two scent snuffs (striae olfactoriae laterales) (div.). Sulcus lateralis is lateral and ends in the bark of the groove early part(Uncus). The medial swallow goes to the medial late slit in the podosolous zivina (gyrus subcallosus) and the area paraolfactoria, as it grows along the corpus callosum (rostrum corporis callosi) (Fig. 474).
As it is implied by the introduced, people are inviting to vvazhayutsya "micro" with an admittedly rotten scent system in relation to "macro-oil" friends. Indeed, the structure and lamination of scent cybulin and primordial scent measles is not so clear in humans, as in grisons and meats. Besides, the scent structures, it’s awful, do not become a significant part forebrain in people, like in schurіv and kіshok. However, all the main scent structures that appear in the shchur are less common, as are the presence of people, and in the absolute rotated structure of people, far from rudimentary.
474. Scheme of budovy scent brain.
1 - bulbus olfactorius;
2 - stria olfactoria medialis;
3 - stria olfactoria lateralis;
4 - uncus hippocampi;
5 - corpus mamillare;
6 - fissura hippocampi;
7 - lamina terminalis;
8 - area olfactoria;
9 - trigonum olfactorium;
10 - tr. olfactorius.
Before central department to the scent brain: the crypt of the zivin, the hipocampus, the tooth of the zivin, the slack, the intra-marginal zvivin, the bundle of the zivin and the siren over the corns.
Similarly, the primary scent areas of the cerebral measles, such as the anterior nasal nucleus, the pyriform cortex and the perigamhaloid cortex, are easily recognized near the frontal and early parts of the human brain. Moreover, people develop odors so that they can be perceived only by one atom in carbon.
The vomeronasal organ is another tsikava potential growth between people and other creatures. Wanting to know, pre-glorious people didn’t think that people didn’t mess with the vomeronasal organ and the pre-domous scent cybulin, which is a peripheral receptor and the first relay of the “pre-scent system” in those people who had a boulin’s structure. It is unclear which functions are not smart in humans. Hundreds of superblocks were taken from the food supply, and in general it was pointed out that the system is inactive in humans.
Crypt of zivin (gyrus fornicatus) (div.) medial surfaces pivkul. The crypt often consists of three parts: zivin (gyrus cinguli) and parahippocampal zivin (gyrus parahippocampalis), which are located between the isthmus (isthmus gyri cinguli).
The girdle is lying on the medial surface of the brain and not only by the center of scent, but by regulation of the function internal organs(pershu chergu heart-vascular system). The top of the von is surrounded by a lumbar furrow (sulcus cinguli), a lower furrow of a corpus callosum (sulcus corporis callosi). In front, the zivina is located at the end of the zivino (sulcus paraterminalis), and behind the ryvn of the temporal furrow (sulcus parietooccipitalis), it passes into the isthmus of the star (isthmus fornicatus), which is gyrus parahippocam palis).
The main axonal target of pre-secondary scent cybulin in gryzuni, medial amygdaloid nucleus, presence in older people, albeit, perhaps, appeared for the early development of non-scent functions. It means that the additional scent system is anatomically and functionally differentiated from the basic scent system and associated with smells that are important for species-specific functions, including aspects of reproduction.
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I got rid of information from our sensory systems: smell, somatosensory, relish, visceral, auditory and visual. Olfactory enter into the scent cybulin and go to the lateral scent tract. The somatosensory enters pass through the acute acute cortex into the short time and through the thalamic nuclei in the natural, basal and central nuclei. The primary sensory and visceral sensory areas are designed to the basal nucleus and the central nucleus. Navpaki, hearing and information, how to get involved in an important fear, in the areas of association, and not in the first sensory measles.
475. Budova of the central part of the scent brain.
1 - uncus;
2 - fimbria hyppocampi;
3 - gyrus dentatus,
4 - gyrus parahippocampalis.
The hippocampus is the protrusion of the blue speech behind the sulcus hyppocampi from the side of the medial stem of the lower horn side slingshot(Fig. 475). The hippocampus can be seen in the emptying of the lower horn at the viglyad of the club-shaped body. Vin of the encirclement from the lateral side and in the posterior part by the sulcus collateralis, in front - by the nasal sulcus (sulcus rhinalis). The hippocampus at the anterior perforated speech bends at the uncus, being the center of scent.
In mydalene, there is a wide widening of the efferent link with the cortical, hypothalamic and cerebral stubbrow areas. The basolateral complex is projected into the medial memory system of the tim-hour pelustic, and the basal nucleus is projected greatly onto the prefrontal cortex, the nucleus of attacks and the thalamus. In such a rank, the anatomy of mydalene is used to play a role in fear. The amilhaloid complex will eliminate the input from all sensory modalities and the active area of the brain, which are important for the mental neuropsychiatric corelates of fear.
The zivin tooth (gyrus dentatus) is a twisted part of the measles medial edge of the sulcus hippocampi. Seed speech of the toothed bone expands to the inner edge of the hipocampus, as well as to the dorsal surface of the corpus callosum, forming the so-called sere vbrannya (indusium griseum), as it ends in the supra-corpuscular.
Yak tse pratsyu, see the nature of emotions in people and creatures. The two highly specialized sensory systems are especially well characterized - a scent and a healthy habit, and the results are also electrophysiological, which can be controlled on different single cells and single membranous cells. At a millisecond scale of an hour, two sensory re-converting stimuli generate changes in the membrane potential, as they initiate a signal to the central nervous system.
A hippocampus (uncus) is the front end of the hipocampus furrow (fissura hippocampi), which is heavy on two parts: front and back. The front part extends up to the wheelbarrow, and the rear part will fix the internal marginal zivin (gyrus intralimbicus), which pass through the toothed zivino and the white fringe, ending in the gyrus fasciolaris.
The reaction of cytin to the hormone-adrenaline through the β-adrenergic receptor is a contrast to the fast response of the sensory systems. If I want a lot of the same strong components, the reaction is more and more global, which is pouring into the cell's metabolism and chuinness into the whole. Amigdala є migdale-shaped structure, rostasovanu glyboko in the middle of the fringe part of the beasts. In the past, Burdakh's identifications on the ear of the nineteenth century, having described a group of cells of nuclei, which now call the basolateral complex.
