Course robot teeth. Inspection of the Russian market of the tooth mouth

Toothpaste even an important product in the life of a human being. If we can go to the beautician, to polish the quality of the shkiri, then it’s not a matter of turning the teeth into it. The axis of what is so important to follow them correct look... First of all, we will serve as a correct choice of toothpaste. Teeth may appear differently and appear behind the warehouse. Virobniks in gonitvі after arrival often haunt for yaskravіy packages the most harmful chemical words. Help find the teeth to help you make your baby healthy teeth and body as a whole.

The very same fahіvtsі zvratayut respect for those who vikoristovuvati tіlki rewіrenі zasobi. What are the virtues of Volodya's best quality pasta?

• Dbaylive cleared email.
• polishhennya the most recent viglyad teeth.
• Zapobіgannya, show your karієsu.
• The treatment of periodontal disease and bleeding is clear.
• Pidtrimannya great empty company.
• Usunennya of an unpleasant smell.

It’s not so easy to forget about the possible shortages of such catastrophes. Customers are encouraged to talk about those who are inadvertently chosen or poor toothpaste can lead to unacceptable inheritances.

• Pogane cleaning teeth.
• Rozdratuvannya is clear.
• Allergic reaction.
• Negative inflow to the entire body.

It’s worth noting that it’s important to know that a product is not baked, and it’s better not to be fond of it. The rating has been taken by looking for teeth of different categories.

Brushing baby toothpaste

The childish organism is even more sensitive and important, the child's body koristuvavsya only with perverted ways. The warehouse of the mouth is guilty of being natural and without allergenic, the most beautiful consistency is a whole gel, so it’s good and not bad for babies. Bezlich vyrobnikiv proponate to graze for the little ones, but not all of them can be without shkodi vikoristovuvati for cleaning child's teeth.

3 SILCA Putzi - orange

A nykrashist zahist from karisu
Country: Nimechchina
Average price: 76 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.6

Brushing toothpaste for children from 2 to 12 years, depending on the number of children. Fakhivtsi priznachayut її yak for looking after milk, so і root teeth. The head of power is a zahist from kariens.

Nimetska SILCA low reload.

• Visoka yakist, grasped by dentists in Nimechchin.
• Abrasiveness controlled.
• Natural components.
• Low longevity when working.
• High versus fluorine and vitamin E.
• Optimal parity.

Ale, judging by the edgukiv, because of the lack of:

• not recommended until stasis at the time of the day;
• Children often do not like orange gusto.

2 Tooth pink SPLAT Junior

Fine texture
Land of Russia
Average price: 250 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.7

The staff of their lightness, the paste is the best among the competitors for children with an active process of breaking through. Vona will help you to brighten up the inappropriate moments of growing the first teeth. At the warehouse of calcium, licorice extract, important lactic ferments.

SPLAT Junior toothpaste is rightfully borrowed from the highest position in the rating of its specialties.

• Light and low texture, suitable for the smallest.
• Hand dispenser.
• Tsikava packaging for babies.
• Accept the relish.
• Can be used without a brush.
• Victory hour: 15 seconds.

shortcomings:

• vimagaє vikoristannya іnshogo with a brush;
• maє "not natural" aroma;
• do not cleanse intensively.

1 Weleda with calendula

small warehouse
Country: Nimechchina
Average price: 448 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.8

The best price for its components is toothpaste for children. The warehouse includes essential oils, sea water and water. Everything is worth a beneficent pouring into the empty company. We have borrowed the leading positions in the rating for the results of the experience and the news of the batkiv.

Who has the Weleda overwhelming?

• Well, I saw nalit.
• Maє anti-firing effect.
• Chi does not bring shkodi at kovtanni.

Buyers guidebooks provide shortcuts.

• Do not take revenge on all the necessary elements (fluorine, calcium);
• MA VISOKU VARTIST.

Brushing lykuvalna toothpaste

A good toothpaste can give you an advantageous effect when fighting against fumes, cares, etc. For the achievement of all the results in the warehouse, we must be active and corny speech. The rating of the smallest liquid pastes can be used to make sure you are satisfied with your own health and to allow the company to be emptied of health.

3 Lacalut Fitoformula

More quality and value
Country: Nimechchina
Average price: 249 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.6

The toothpaste of the Nimetsky vyrobnitstva vidminno recommended for itself the middle of the survivors. Lacalut - the best value for money. Її a positive effect of confirmations by numerical advances and acknowledgments of the fahivts. The main peculiarity of the game is effective help with bleeding is clear and periodontal disease.

The breeders of their perevagam the toothpaste mintno zakrypilsya in the leaders of the rating of the smallest drug use.

• The warehouse includes shavlya, rataniya, zombiy and in.
• Components nadaut vіdminniy protisalniy efekt.
• Fight for your career.

shortcomings:

• The greatest effect can only be reached when the mouth of Lacalut Activ is absorbed.

2 Sensodyne Mittєviy Efect

The best result
Country: Great Britain
Average price: 241 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.7

Viznana toothpaste nykrashі lіki mittєvoi diii. The name of the way to speak for itself - it instantly zapobіgaє zapalennya. Express-lіkuvannya tsієї pasta spent a great number of purchases. Sensodyne has the highest position in the rating of food products for showing a strong anti-sickness effect.

What are the other virtues of Volodya "Mittuviy Efect"?

• Accepts fresh aroma.
• You can buy it for 12 years.
• I'll burn the wounds.
• Visually and quickly cope with pain.

However, at the mouth є there is one most important shortcoming:

• Unnatural warehouse (zagusniki, aromatizators, shkіdlivі chemіchnі. Rečovini i іn.)

1 Parodontax

Spreading pasta for yoghdenny vikorystannya
Country: Nimechchina
Average price: 185 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.8

Parodontax toothpaste - crazy leader among pastes lіkuvalnym efect... Fakhivtsi bagatokh klinik in the rural lands may have positive messages about the brand. The main specialty is the whole warehouse. The virobniks have worked hard to add to the new most useful and brown components, making the paste short for its quality. Ekhіnaceya, ratanіya, chamomile, shavlya and іnshі words - it is also not easy to know in these products.

What are the benefits of seeing with victorian Parodontax?

• Come for a well-known victorian.
• The occurrence of bleeding is clear.
• Fight the heat.
• MA antibacterial diyu.
• I am healthy when the company is empty.
• For sale in decilkoh options: with fluoride and without.

• Not revealed.

Brushing pasta with an effective effect

One of the most popular types of toothpastes on the modern market is the best type of toothpaste. The virobniks in the drive for the number of sales forget about the quality of the virob. Buying a mouth low quality to create to the extent emails and inappropriate inheritances. Our rating can help to clarify the nutrition about the vibration of a short mouth for a little teeth.

3 R.O.C.S. Pro

The dbayliva formula itself
Land of Russia
Average price: 391 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.6

Toothpaste is popular, yak was previously sold in pharmacies, one of the most popular products on the market at a time. R.O.C.S. Pro - the most beautiful paste, designed for delicate visibility. To go to people with individual intolerance of such words, to enter to the warehouse of their own. I have a pleasant smell. Фахівці recommend її for a good look.

• m'yaky effect;
• one abrasive element to replace the decal;
• do not take revenge on allergens.

• general effect;
• visoka partiality;
• The maximum effect is only when using the gel from the series.

2 SPLAT Extreme white

Krascha rosіyska vіdbіlyucha paste
Land of Russia
Average price: 184 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.7

Vidbilyucha pasta of the Russian wyrobnik, well-known with the friends of the buyers, it is obvious to cope with their employees. Vaughn is not intended for a well-greeted glance and vimaguvannya with likuvalnoy or neutral toothpaste. The splitting of nalot is presented by the producers of two components at once: Polydon and papaina. As a result of the monthly celebration of illumination, there are two or three tones. It is necessary to enter the storage facility with carbamide peroxide, which positively influences the fluidity of the waste.

perevagi:

• good result for storing;
• I am abrasive to children;
• unprecedented acceptance relish.

shortcomings:

• visoka price.

1 PresiDENT White

More naturally vidbilyuvannya
Country: Italy
Average price: 247 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.8

On the thought of a lot of people in dentistry, PRESIDENT White is clicked with a short paste, which gives the teeth a natural bliss. Vona Volodya with antibacterial and anti-fiery authorities, who in the warehouse of brown natural Ingredients rightfully earned one of the first places in the rating of the most beautiful all-inclusive pastes.

An important feature is the unique nature of speech, as, without a shkodi, for an email, turn the їy natural type. There is no end to the argument for PresiDENT White.

• The unauthorized removal of silicon from calcium has given a unique all-round effect.
• Ginseng and peppermint change the immune system.
• Zneboluvalny power of additional help when ignited.
• Come for a well-groomed stash.

shortcomings:

• Visoka price.

Brushing Inexpensive Toothpaste

Toothpaste is a product that is responsible for the greatest corysty and shortening the result of the mother in the warehouse of natural ingredients. The paste is not to blame for being even cheaper and low-yaky, even pouring into our teeth, it is clear and the health of an empty company. However, primed on the guides of buyers and duma fahivts, we were given a rating of good inexpensive pastes.

2 New Perly Fluorine

Good effect, clean
Land of Russia
Average price: 33 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.6

The toothpaste of the Russian vyrobnitstva is recognized by cutting through the middle by guessing in the lowest price category. New Perly Fluorine - one of the most popular on the market. Uninvolved on the price, on the thought of the fahivts, won’t be cleaned by the efect. Tobto toothpaste viconuє svovne zavdannya - brushing teeth. It is necessary to report back to us with passages and shortcomings.

perevagi:

• zalishaє a pleasant smell in roti;
• MA fresh aroma;
• revenge a lot of calcium;
• low price.

shortcomings:

• To the warehouse to enter a large number of parabens and high-flown words through the price is not recommended until frequent victories.
• May be a victim of an allergic reaction.
• Lots of cheap components.

1 Blend a med 3D White

More quality and value
Country: Nimechchina
Average price: 159 rubles.
Rating (2017): 4.7

Brushing out of the box pasta in the low price category. Blendamed 3D White is stocked from one polymeric speech (abrasive), which can easily handle the bulk. Presented by virobnik 6 relishes. The main specialty is high versus fluorine. Win vvazhaytsya even cinnamon component for changing emal.

perevagi:

• optimal parity;
• take gusto;
• antibacterial effect on the appearance of the caries;
• visual effect.

shortcomings:

• great vmist of pyrophosphates, which can lead to increased sensitivity;
• DO NOT explicit results of the appearance;
• unnatural warehouse.

The huge sales of toothpaste in Russia in 2002-2004 rocketed at approximately equal rates, which were 12% in the market (according to estimates by Procter & Gamble). In 2002 there were a large number of sales in stores of 600 million tubes in natural circulation and close to 150 million US dollars in a commercial rotation, in 2004 there were large sales in toothpaste of up to 750 million. tooth mouth of Russia "http://www.medicus.ru/mprofilactics/spec/?cont=article&art_id=5802).

The fact of an increase in the sale of toothpaste on the Russian market, as well as a decrease in the population of the country, allow the experts to grow up teeth against those, that Russians have become more often to brush their teeth.

By the factor of good stock on the Russian market of toothpastes, I see the onset of the main segments (div. Smbatyan B.S., Pokrovska O.M. Pages & go = page & pid = 240):

• vіdbіluyuchі teeth (how to take away abrasive elements, or may in the warehouse, water peroxide or active kissen);
• to graze due to the increased sensitivity of teeth (to place fluorine in the warehouse, so that the hypersensitivity is removed by the method of remineralization of the email);
• literally prophylactic pastes (including the most large group of pastes for agile mechanisms of development, behind the mechanism of this segment see the onset of the segment: mouth with an antiseptic drug, with a homeopathic drug, a mouth with an antiseptic mechanism);
• lukuvalny mouth or gels (as a rule, there is a high concentration of antiseptics and stagnant only in the course form, no more than three times);
• freshening mouths (including the number of pastes, which is just proportional to the triviality of moving the mouth into the mouth);
• "Exotic" (including a variety of "exotic" mouths, for example, to revenge components, to provoke an ogida in the time of brushing teeth or components, to take a thinner and stifle appetite).

According to the price factor, the Russian toothpaste market is divided into chotiri main segments (div. Galuzevoi oglyad "Russian toothpaste rinok" http://www.medicus.ru/mprofilactics/spec/?cont=article&art_id=5802):

The economic segment, in which the teeth are represented at a price of less than 15 rubles, the whole segment is the most massive;

Middle segment, de presented mouth for a price of 15-35 rubles;

Premium segment, applications with pastes for a price of 35-50 rubles;

The segment is super-premium, which includes grazing for a price of 50 rubles.

The road toothpaste is overwhelmingly represented by the products of great international virobniks, analogs of which in Russia are practically not carried out. In the economic and middle price segments, there are widespread vyrobniki who compete with the products of the Bilorussian, Bulgarian, Turkish, Indian virobnists.

There are no more than ten great wyrobniks of the tooth mouth in Russia. Among them, three companies are provincially occupied: VAT "Concern" Kalina "(Yekaterinburg), VAT" Nevska Cosmetics "(metro St. Petersburg), VAT" Cosmetic ob'ednannya "Svoboda" (metro Moscow). Thus, according to the results of the ACNielsen report, the products to the Kalina concern in 2002 became close to 20% of the Russian toothpaste market. The part of the VAT "Nevska Cosmetics" is estimated at 17%. In general, for a part of three significant companies, the attack of up to 90% of the toothpaste in Russia (Div. Malunok 1).

Malunok 1.
Sukupna part of VAT "Nevska Cosmetics", VAT "KO" Svoboda "and VAT" Concern "Kalina" in the total amount of toothpaste in Russia,% in natural rotation *

* - For the materials of the galuzevoy look "Rinok of the tooth mouth of Russia" http://www.medicus.ru/mprofilactics/spec/?cont=article&art_id=5802)

The Moscow company "Thorn", a distributor of perfumery and cosmetic products, can also be brought to the number of great vyrobniks of the toothpaste. The production enterprise of the vipusk is close to 60 million. Packages of mouth in the box, the yogo part on the Russian market of the warehouse is close to 8%.

Due to the characteristic characteristics of the toothpaste products produced and sold by the Thorn company є the similarity of trademarks with those of the other companies. Zokrema, the tse trademark "Kedroviy Balsam", is sounding with the brand "Lisoviy Balsam", vibrated by the concern "Kalina" (div. Sergiy Ribak, "Russian-Bilorus Union against Karinsu", "Vedomosti", 25.09.2003).

The part of the toothmouth, presented on the Russian market, is important, the part of the Russian virobniks on the market becomes close to 55% in natural rotation on the basis of up to 45%. Primitively, on a small part of the leader's teeth in the toothpaste (Colgate-Palmolive, Procter & Gamble, GlaxoSmithKline), an attack of 18% of the Russian market in natural development. For export, close 15-20% of the Russian tooth mouth, the middle of the main regions-importers of the foreign products of the region Ukraine, Kazakhstan, the Baltic region.

Malunok 2.
Portions of foreign and foreign virobniks in the Russian market of toothpaste,% in natural rotation **

** - Div. Http://monax.ru/law/00002521_7.html

Among the main features of the dynamics of the living market of the toothmouth in Russia, the experts point out the development of "brand" living. The number of Russians, when choosing a toothpaste, is used to vibrate from 2-3 brands, and to get rid of the known brands. One of the most significant tendencies in living well is the growth of the quality factor in terms of value to the price factor, the priority of the tooth mouth quality for an increasing number of living people.

In the rest of the rock, there is a high rate of growth in the sale of toothpaste, both in natural and in the marginal rotation, it is promoted in the premium and superpremium segments, so in 2003, a part of the ACNielsen). Expertise will tie the growth of sales commitments in expensive teeth to the growing incomes of the population, as well as the factor of active advertising of products.

Naybilsh popular brands of toothpaste among Russians, the results of which were held by the company "Comcon-Media", є: "Perly", Blend-a-med, Aquafresh, "Cedar balsam" div. figure 3).

Malunok 3.
Most popular toothpaste brands among Russians, share of living in% ***

*** - Div. Http://www.profile.ru/items/?item=1301

Following the results of the doslіdzhen held by the Gallup company, the most popular brands of toothpaste, presented on the Russian market, there are: Blend-a-med, Colgate, Aquafresh, "Pearl", "Noviy Perli". According to the reports of the Comcon company, in this regard, the popularity of brands was assessed not for part of the experience, but for their representation at points of distribution (div. Http://www.rada.ru/med_konkur3.html).

For the tribute, guide the company "Comcon-Media", the majority of Russian hunters older than 10 years (54.7%) brush their teeth traditionally - two times a day, three times a day to clean their teeth, deprived of 3% of Russian townspeople, do not brush their teeth 4, 7% of the inhabitants of the Russian towns (div.http: //www.profile.ru/items/?item=1301).

At the end of the description, the deyakі ostanі podії, which became significant for the Russian and light rinks of the tooth mouth. Restyling of the federal brand “Novy Perly” (BAT “Nevska Cosmetics”), carried out by the Coruna Branding Group, became one of such pods. Toothpaste "Noviy Perly" appeared on the Russian market in 1995, for the period from 1995 to 2001, more than 15 different names of toothpastes were introduced by the brand on the market, but they didn’t get structured and knitted one by one. The main staff of the restyling of the Novy Perly trademark was the adjustment of the position on the market, for the purpose of creating a strong image of the brand, clearly communicating from the competitors, the key words for the image were “freshness”, “success”, “success”, “success” The logo of the brand has added a new and modern seat to the chair, which has taken care of the constant change of the old used logo. The graphic for the logo and the graphic for the packaging of Noviy Perly pastes has been registered for the retrieval of the boxes (div. Http://www.sostav.ru/news/2006/08/07/r3/).

A significant addition, which has recently become on the market of toothpastes, has become the establishment of the Japanese invention of the principle new toothpaste, which does not only protect the teeth from the teeth, but automatically fill the gaps in the teeth. The process of renewing a single tooth is done quickly - it’s easy to get acid in the toothpaste, and after three chills, the paste crystallizes, and the piece material is naturally absorbed into the structure.

Also in the process of lіkuvannya the pasta has a strong antibacterial effect. The miracle pasta has already successfully passed the classroom viprobuvannya, edina umova, who will be the winners - unikati zhuvalnoy gumka, Yaka can wiklicati zapalennya emali (div. Http://www.sostav.ru/news/2005/03/03/28/).

Main visas:

 Obshyag sales of toothpaste in Russia in 2002-2004 rocketed at an approximately equal rate, which accounted for 12% in the rock. In 2004, a large number of toothpaste sales became 750 million. Tubes in natural rotation and 190 million US dollars in commercial rotation (according to previous estimates).

 Due to the factor of goodness in the stock of toothpastes on the Russian market of toothpastes, the following main segments are developed:

 For the price factor, the Russian market of the toothpaste is divided into several main segments: the economy segment (less than 15 rubles); middle segment (15-35 rubles); premium segment (35-50 rubles); super-premium segment (for 50 rubles).

 There are no more than ten great toothmouths in Russia. The provincial camp on the Russian market is occupied by three companies: VAT "Concern" Kalina "(Yekaterinburg), VAT" Nevska Cosmetics "(metro St. Petersburg), VAT" Cosmetic treatment "Svoboda (metro Moscow).

 The part of the toothmouth, presented on the Russian market, is important; On a small part of the leader's teeth in the toothpaste (Colgate-Palmolive, Procter & Gamble, GlaxoSmithKline), 18% of the Russian market falls in natural swelling.

 One of the main features of the dynamics of the toothpaste living market in Russia is the development of "brand" living and the increase in the importance of the quality factor in terms of the cost factor (including the cost of growing to eat pasta on the toothpaste).

Lyudin is keen on using cosmetic means - the history of aromatic and decorative means to her roots in the ancient world of ancient cultures. This year's cosmetic comrade will supervise all life from the people themselves.
The word "cosmetics" is a walnut root "kosmetice", which means "to embellish". For a long time, cosmetic preparations have served people as embellishments; In Russia, cosmetics were developed on the basis of folk and herbal preparations. In folk cosmetics, boules are widespread, such as roslini such as chamomile, animal, plantain, purity, burdock, oak bark and in. The current cosmetic industry of the country is viroblyaє more than a dozen thousand new names of cosmetic items, this means that the traditions of folk hygiene and medicine have been saved to the number of times. Prior to cosmetic goods, they will be delivered to you (speeches and preparations), which are intended for the application to the people of the body for cleaning, for the sake of getting that gummy eye-catcher. Vіdmіtna of rice for cosmetic purposes - іх proіlactichne or decorative dіyu, tо dіyu аlіkuvalnіvlіvlіvnyh power of the cosmetic wіll not wіll.
In the given hour, the promiscuity of the vipusk is a great assortment of space feats, the most widening view of them is the teeth of the mouth: on a small part of the desires, at a glance behind the teeth, close to 20% of the fabulous cosmetic virobes fall.
Teeth - more effective and economical for the prevention of sickness of teeth and empty company. Їх registration is not due to medical staff and to be regular. Gіgієnіchnі and іgієnіchnі and tіlіkuvіl-proіlaktichnі teeth - masove with a glance behind the empty company, for that the important role to play in the power of power of the whole product - color, relish, call out viglyad. In our land, the colys were overwhelmed with toothpowders (before the warehouse, which enter, there is a chemically lined crack, and it is close to 2 pieces, by weight, flavoring agents). However, the powders can be consumed quickly with microbes, and the aroma is not bargainingly writing a cob of food, plus the superbly high abrasive power of the food is not allowed to be consumed regularly. In Denmark, the hour of the teeth of the mouth is widened to look after the empty company.
According to the set of tasks in the robot, the following steps were taken:
- I will analyze the current Russian market of toothpastes;
- characteristics of the assortment of toothpastes;
- analysis of factors, how to mold the power of toothpastes;
- vivchennya of normative documents, scho establish indicators of quality and viznachyut methods of viprobvannya toothpastes;
- analysis of the informational safety of the preliminaries;
- vivchennya nutrition standardization, metrological safety, assurance in relation to and control of product quality;
- Visiting food is safe for living, as well as protecting the new community.
1 ANALYTICAL LOOK

1.1 Classification and general characteristics of the vehicle

Happy assortment picked up at a glance for mouthwash wide and versatile. Price of toothpastes, powders, rinses, toothbrushes and a lot of them.
The teeth of the mouth are brought up to the navazhiv_shoї groups by looking after the teeth. Їх main components є abrasive, gel-forming, foaming speech and high-alcohol alcohol. In addition, before the pasta warehouse, it is necessary to introduce perfume oil, cinnamon additives, aromatic, antiseptic and relish speech.
The teeth can be spread on the onset of the group: anti-carrion, anti-fist, overgrowth of hard dentures, to reduce the sensitivity of the teeth, to reduce the sensitivity of the teeth, to become stagnant in xerostomia (dryness of the xerostomia)
With expert assessments, teeth store more than 60% of the light market by looking after the mouth emptying. The most popular of them are the anti-cartilaginous teeth. They are followed by the mouths, which are full of complex teeth, as well as the teeth of the mouth.
Tooth powder - the main component of the є chemically lined with creyda. At the new end of the day, they add flavor, flavor and refreshment to the empty company of speech. Tooth powders are used in the main cleaning process. The stench of volodіyut is significant abrasiveness, below the teeth of the mouth, and is not recommended for looking after ailing teeth.
Opolіskuvachі for empty companies (teeth of elixiri) є water-alcoholic products of cinnamon for emptying companies of rechovins - essential oils, vitamins, antimicrobial speeches, special components of antibacterial and aromatic oils. Regardless of the type of elixir of cinnamon additives introduced to the warehouse and the power of elixir, they can be hygienic and prophylactic. Teeth elixiri paint the cleaned surface of the teeth, pre-set the dental deposit and deodorize the empty company.

1.2 Modern toothpaste mill

1.2.1 Rinok zbutu toothpaste in the light

On this year's day, as a light leader from the collection of toothpastes є: the Italian company "Betapharma". Vona borrowed one of the first projects in the field of effective and high-quality shopping cosmetics, hygienic products and keeping an eye on the empty company. The products of the company undergo a clinical attestation in the provincial cosmetology and dentistry centers in Europe. On the Russian market, the President's pasta has appeared on a regular basis recently, and has already won a great number of out-of-pocket purchases. Hygienic products The President is represented by a number of seria, which include toothpaste, rinse aid, flos, spray and gel (or cream).
The company Colgate-Palmolive is the largest child of the toothpaste and the ones in a special hygiene. The net income of the American company for the bags in the first quarter of the flow rock grew by 50% - up to 486.6 million dollars. (0.89 dollars / share) in part from 324.5 million dollars. (0.59 dollars / Share), which were disclaimed for a similar period by the rock earlier. The Colgate-Palmolive virus for the last quarter increased by 12% and accumulated $ 3.21 billion. Against $ 2.87 billion In Sichnі-Bereznі 2006 р
On this year's day, a clean influx of the American company Colgate-Palmolive Co., the largest toothpaste worm and the first in a special city, for 9 months of 2008 has sold nearly $ 1.46 billion in income
In the rest of the country, indian and bulgarian products are supplied, of a significant quality. To this, there is an explanation: the tsya "rinkova dira" of the floor is obvious, but in India, for example, the number of toothpastes for export to Russia is significant. It was even earlier for the pasta production of pasta that the pasta was deprived of the credit from the Delijskiy kreydyanny car; The price has simplified and made the process of virobnitting cheaper.

1.2.2 Rinok zbutu toothpaste in the Russian Federation

The huge sales of toothpaste in Russia in 2006-2007 rocketed at approximately equal rates, which were 12% in the market (according to estimates by Procter & Gamble). In 2005, there were a lot of sales in warehouses of 600 million. Tubes in natural circulation and close to 150 million US dollars in a commercial turn, in 2007 there were a lot of sales in toothpaste up to 750 million. Tubes in about 190 million US dollars.
The fact of an increase in the sale of teeth in the Russian market, so that they can see the decrease in the population of the country, allow the experts to grow up teeth about those people who have begun to brush their teeth more often.
According to the factor of the availability of toothpastes on the Russian market of toothpastes, they see the onset of the main segments (to remove abrasive elements or to store peroxide in the warehouse or active kissen);
- to graze due to the increased sensitivity of teeth (to place fluorine in the warehouse, so that the hypersensitivity is removed by the method of remineralization of the email);
- lіkuvially prophylactic pastes (including the most large group of pastes for aggravating mechanisms of development), behind the mechanism of this process in the middle of the given segment: mouths with antiseptic homeopathic remedies, zeal
-likuvalny mouth or gels (as a rule, there is a high concentration of antiseptics and stagnant only in course form, trivial no more than three times);
- freshening mouths (including the number of pastes, ale d'ya їkh refreshing effect in direct proportion to the triviality of moving the mouth into the mouth);
- "exotic" (including the development of "exotic" mouths, for example, to revenge the components, to provoke the ogida in the course of cleaning the teeth, or components, to drink the thinning and stifle the appetite).
According to the price factor, the Russian toothpaste market is divided into chotiri main segments:
- the economy segment, in which the teeth are presented for a price of less than 35 rubles, the whole segment is the most massive;
- middle segment, de presented mouth at a price of 35-70 rubles;
- premium segment, applications with pastes for a price of 70-140 rubles;
- a segment of superpremium, which includes grazing for a price of 140 rubles.
The road toothpaste is overwhelmingly represented by the products of great international virobniks, analogs of which in Russia are practically not carried out. In the economic and middle price segments, there are widespread vyrobniki who compete with the products of the Bilorussian, Bulgarian, Turkish, Indian virobnists.
There are no more than ten great wyrobniks of the tooth mouth in Russia. Among them, three companies are provincially occupied: VAT "Concern" Kalina "(Yekaterinburg), VAT" Nevska Cosmetics "(metro St. Petersburg), VAT" Cosmetic ob'ednannya "Svoboda" (metro Moscow). Thus, according to the results of the ACNielsen report, the products of the Kalina concern in 2005 became close to 20% of the Russian toothpaste market. The part of the VAT "Nevska Cosmetics" is estimated at 17%. In general, three significant companies have a seizure of up to 90% in Russia (baby 1).

Malyunok 1 - Sukupna chastka VAT "Nevska Cosmetics", VAT "KO" Svoboda "and VAT" Concern "Kalina" in the total amount of toothpaste in Russia,% in natural rotation

The Moscow company "Thorn", a distributor of perfumery and cosmetic products, can also be called up to the number of great vyrobniks of the toothpaste. The production enterprise of the vipusk is close to 60 million. Packages of mouth in the box, the yogo part on the Russian market of the warehouse is close to 8%.
Due to the characteristic characteristics of the toothpaste products produced and sold by the Thorn company є the similarity of trademarks with those of the other companies. Zokrema, the tse trademark "Kedroviy Balsam", is vibrated with the brand "Lisoviy Balsam", which is vibrated by the concern "Kalina".
The part of the toothmouth, presented on the Russian market, is important; Primitively, on a small part of the leader's teeth in the toothpaste (Colgate-Palmolive, Procter & Gamble, GlaxoSmithKline), an attack of 18% of the Russian market in natural development. For export, close 15-20% of the Russian tooth mouth, the middle of the main regions-importers of the foreign products of the region Ukraine, Kazakhstan, the Baltic region.

Malunok 2 - Fragments of vichiznykh and foreign virobniks on the Russian market of toothpaste,% in natural vyrobniki

Among the main features of the dynamics of the living market of the toothmouth in Russia, the experts point out the development of "brand" living. The number of Russians, when choosing a toothpaste, is used to vibrate from 2-3 brands, and to get rid of the known brands. One of the most significant tendencies in living with a drink є growth of the vagi factor
the quality of the toothpaste for an increasing number of survivors.
In the rest of the rock, there is a high rate of growth in the sale of toothpaste, both in natural and in the marginal rotation, it is promoted in the premium and superpremium segments, so in 2003, a part of the ACNielsen). Expertise will tie the growth of sales commitments in expensive teeth to the growing incomes of the population, as well as the factor of active advertising of products.
Naybilsh popular brands of toothpaste among Russians, the results of which were held by the company "Comcon-Media", є: "Perly", Blend-a-med, Aquafresh, "Cedar balsam" Figure 3).

Malunok 3 - Nybilsh popular toothpaste brands among Russians, share of living,%

Following the results of the doslіdzhen held by the Gallup company, the most popular brands of toothpaste, presented on the Russian market, there are: Blend-a-med, Colgate, Aquafresh, "Pearl", "Noviy Perli". According to the reports of the Comcon company, in this regard, the popularity of the brands was judged not for a part of the satisfaction, but for their representation at points of distribution.
For a tribute, guide the company "Comcon-Media", a large number of Russian hunters older than 10 years (54.7%) brush their teeth traditionally - two times a day, three times a day to clean their teeth, deprived of 3% of Russian townspeople, do not brush their teeth 4, 7% of residents of Russian towns.
At the end of the description, the deyakі ostanі podії, which became significant for the Russian and light rinks of the tooth mouth. Restyling of the federal brand “Novy Perly” (BAT “Nevska Cosmetics”), carried out by the Coruna Branding Group, became one of such pods. Toothpaste "Noviy Perly" appeared on the Russian market in 1995, for the period from 1995 to 2001, more than 15 different names of toothpastes were introduced by the brand on the market, but they didn’t get structured and knitted one by one. The main staff of the restyling of the Novy Perly trademark was the adjustment of the position on the market, for the purpose of creating a strong image of the brand, clearly communicating from the competitors, the key words for the image were “freshness”, “success”, “success”, “success” The logo of the brand has added a new and modern seat to the chair, which has taken care of the constant change of the old used logo. The graphic for the logo and the graphic for the packaging of the Noviy Perli pastes have been registered for the purpose of restoring the form of the boxes.

1.3 Product recognition characteristics of the assortment of the toothpaste market and development trends

The teeth of the mouth are classified for the bagatma signs:
For pH values:
- neutral;
- puddles;
- slightly alkaline.
For the foam number:
- pinists;
- weak - pіnistі;
- strongly-pingy.
According to:
- specials;
- gіgієnіchnі;
- literally - hygienic.
For statuses and signs:
- children;
- pіdlіtkovі;
- old age.
Behind the warehouse:
- gel-like;
- abrasive.
Falling into special additives:
- gіgієnіchnі;
- drug-prophylactic;
- professional;
- medical.
Hygienic toothpaste - without medicinal and prophylactic additives. The stench freshens up the empty company, kindly clean the teeth, make it blisky and bilezna. Before such pastes are recognized: * yatna, Apelsinova, Moskovska.
Likuvalno - prophylactic teeth can be put in their warehouse for biological additives that are meant for keeping an eye on the mouth emptying, as well as for prophylactic care, getting sick of the mucous membrane of the mouth, periodontal disease. All the prophylactic teeth to spread, in the fallowness of the biologically active rechovins included in the recipe, for a number of groups:
- the mouth, to avenge the roslinny preparations, to paint the exchange processes, to stimulate the regeneration of tissues, to reduce the bleeding is clear, to be wonderful with deodorant power;
- salt toothpaste, to replace the mineral salts and mineral components, which reduce blood circulation, stimulate the exchange processes in the periodontium and the slimy shell of the empty mouth, to improve the efficiency of the healthy tissue Solit the microorganisms from the surface of the teeth;
- to graze, to avenge biologically active additives, to fire anti-burner and regenerative agents, to allow stasis in case of elimination of gingivitis, periodontal disease and sloughing of the mucous membrane of the empty company;
- antikarієsnі teeth, how to take a change in the mineral tissue of the tooth and to preserve the establishment of dental plaque. Tse reach the way introduced to the warehouse of toothpastes for fluorine, phosphorus and calcium. S with fluoride in toothpastes is vikoristovuyut sodium monofluorophosphate, sodium fluoride, tin fluoride, organic fluoride;
- to graze, to sweep the enzymes, to be carried out before the hygiene from a high cleaning day, it smells like a soft tooth deposit, surplus ointment, a little bit of a deposit, and we will reduce the hygienic camp by itself. The teeth itself, for revenge the enzymes, is recommended to be used for feeding an empty company in case of catching a periodontal disease and mucus shell of an empty company in a phase of sharpening.
Professional teeth - a chain of teeth with an advanced indicator of abrasiveness. Vikoristovuyutsya only by dentists when professional teeth cleaning and polishing.
Medical teeth have been registered as lykarskiy zasib and zastosovovanie courses.
Foreign teeth of Aquafresh, Colgate and ін. Rise in the main number of active components.
Phosphatic teeth are more beautiful than fluorine-containing ones, so as not to obey the census, they are actively working independently of the present. Protective mouths: Noviy Perly, Karimed, Aquafresh, Phosphodent and in.
To graze, like to change the teeth of the tooth (against) and to anticipate the ignition processes (the disease is clear). Naymenuvannya: Lisovy Balsam, New Perley, McLeans, Blendamed, Colgate, Dental, Promenista, Semein (Nova formula).
Special teeth are used to make small teeth for chicken. Vidblyuyuchі teeth - letting go in an interconnection of kіlkostі, to that there is a high concentration of chlorine in them, hydropyritis wicks the actions of ruining emala. Vipuskayut vіdbіlyuyuchі jaws, how to revenge juices of rhubarb, sorrel, sour apples (White and Denіvіt see with beaches from the teeth).
Special teeth for chicken. France has a broken toothpaste, she needs to smoke. Revenge the nitrate of the medium, which, when teeth are cleaned, is lost in the empty company and when it comes into contact with Tyutyunov dim wiklikak physiological efekti vrata relish tyutyun. Denta paste - Wedge - special for curts, vidalyak nalit, viklikaniy nikotin.
Tooth mouths for children are developed with more hard vimogs to the recipe, we will take gusto, aroma, and we will decorate them with barvy design. Children’s teeth can be hygienic (Dityacha, Petrushka, Yagodka, Buratino, Luskunchik) and educationally prophylactic (Drakosha, Karimed child, Child perly, Bembi). Likuvalno-prophylactic child's teeth in a large amount of fluoride in the range of 0.025%. The reason for the low proportion of pastes for the grown-ups instead of fluorides is that, for the given dosages, the smallest children are flavored, "savory" paste is often cooked and just go for an hour. Decreases in fluoride in toothpastes for children who are poklikana, first for everything, get ahead of an overdose of fluorides in the body, I would like to be absolutely safe, but naturally unacceptable - the reaction in the teeth of the most recent beaches.

1.4 Factors for shaping the life of toothpastes

The most important factors that shape the life of toothpastes are the first for the entire warehouse and the quality of victorious Ingredients.

1.4.1 Abrasive speech

1.4.1.1 Kreida is chemically coated - calcium carbonate CaCO 3 - to be washed with burnt natural vapnyak. All powder white color, intact in water, red in acids. Win is widely used in toothpaste warehouses. Households in a craid are not more than 2.5%, vologues are not more than 0.5%, and not more than in hydrochloric acids is not more than 0.1%.

1.4.1.2 Silicon dioxide. On the current day in the perfumery and cosmetic industry there will be a variety of brands of silicon dioxide. In the given distribution, we have guided them away from them, as they can be victorious in the form of toothpastes. The correct vibration and setting parameters, such as surface area, size of the stocks, purity and oil absorption, should be produced to the best results in the final product.

1.4.2 volatile components

1.4.3 Gelling Agent

1.4.4 Flavor and flavor additives

Type of activity: Control robot

Theme: Business plan "Toothpaste"

discipline: marketing

Entangling: kosteless

Date of distribution: 05/12/11 at 18:10

1. Business plan.
1.1. Summary.
The huge sales of toothpaste in Russia in 2008 - 2010 rocketed at approximately equal rates, which were 12% in the market (according to estimates by Procter & Gamble). In 2008, there were a lot of sales in warehouses of 600 million. Tubes in natural circulation and close to 150 million US dollars in a commercial turn, in 2010, there were a lot of sales in toothpaste, up to 750 million. Tubes in about 190 million US dollars.
The fact of an increase in the sale of toothpaste on the Russian market, as well as a decrease in the population of the country, allow the experts to grow up teeth against those, that Russians have become more often to brush their teeth.
According to the factor of the availability of toothpastes on the Russian market of toothpastes, the following main segments are seen:
- to remove the teeth of the mouth (to remove the abrasive elements, either in the storehouse for peroxide or active acid);
- to graze due to the increased sensitivity of teeth (to place fluorine in the warehouse, so that the hypersensitivity is removed by the method of remineralization of the email);
- lіkuvially prophylactic pastes (including the most large group of pastes of aggravating mechanisms), behind the mechanism of the process in the middle of the given segment: the pastes with antiseptic homeopathic remedies, zeal
- lukuvalny mouth or gels (as a rule, there is a high concentration of antiseptics and a high concentration of antiseptics and stagnant only in the course form, trivial no more than three times);
- freshening mouths (including the number of pastes, ale d'yah freshening the effect in direct proportion to the triviality of moving the mouth into the mouth);
- "exotic" (including the development of "exotic" mouths, for example, to revenge the components, to provoke the ogida in the course of cleaning the teeth, or components, to drink the thinning and stifle the appetite).
According to the price factor, the Russian toothpaste market is divided into chotiri main segments:
- the economy segment, in which teeth are presented for a price of less than 15 rubles, the whole segment is the most massive;
- middle segment, de presented mouth for a price of 15-35 rubles;
- premium segment, pasta applications for a price of 35-50 rubles;
- the super-premium segment, which includes a mouth for a price of 50 rubles.
The road toothpaste is overwhelmingly represented by the products of great international virobniks, analogs of which in Russia are practically not carried out. In the economic and middle price segments, there are widespread vyrobniki who compete with the products of the Bilorussian, Bulgarian, Turkish, Indian virobnists.
There are no more than ten great wyrobniks of the tooth mouth in Russia. Among them, three companies are provincially occupied: VAT "Concern" Kalina "(Yekaterinburg), VAT" Nevska Cosmetics "(metro St. Petersburg), VAT" Cosmetic ob'ednannya "Svoboda" (metro Moscow). Thus, according to the results of the ACNielsen report, the products of the Kalina concern in 2008 became close to 20% of the Russian toothpaste market. The part of the VAT "Nevska Cosmetics" is estimated at 17%. In general, for a part of three significant companies, the attack of up to 90% of the toothpaste in Russia (Div. Malunok 1).
>
Fig. 1. Sukupna part of VAT "Nevska Cosmetics", VAT "KO" Svoboda "and VAT" Concern "Kalina" in the total amount of toothpaste in Russia,% in natural rotation.
The Moscow company "Thorn", a distributor of perfumery and cosmetic products, can also be brought to the number of great vyrobniks of the toothpaste. The production enterprise of the vipusk is close to 60 million. Packages of mouth in the box, the yogo part on the Russian market of the warehouse is close to 8%.
Due to the characteristic characteristics of the toothpaste products produced and sold by the Thorn company є the similarity of trademarks with those of the other companies. Zokrema, the tse trademark "Kedroviy Balsam", is vibrated with the brand "Lisoviy Balsam", which is vibrated by the concern "Kalina".
The part of the toothmouth, presented on the Russian market, is important, the part of the Russian virobniks on the market becomes close to 55% in natural rotation on the basis of up to 45%. Primitively, on a small part of the leader's teeth in the toothpaste (Colgate-Palmolive, Procter & Gamble, GlaxoSmithKline), an attack of 18% of the Russian market in natural development. For export, close 15-20% of the Russian tooth mouth, the middle of the main regions-importers of the foreign products of the region Ukraine, Kazakhstan, the Baltic region.



Fig. 2. Portions of foreign and foreign virgins on the Russian market of the toothmouth,% in natural rotation.
Among the main features of the dynamics of the living market of the toothmouth in Russia, the experts point out the development of "brand" living. The number of Russians, when choosing a toothpaste, is used to vibrate from 2-3 brands, and to get rid of the known brands. One of the most significant tendencies in living well is the growth of the quality factor in terms of value to the price factor, the priority of the tooth mouth quality for an increasing number of living people.
In the rest of the rock, there is a high rate of growth in toothpaste sales, both in natural and in high-quality toothpaste, which is promoted in the premium and superpremium segments, so in 2009, a part of the ACNielsen). Expertise will tie the growth of sales commitments in expensive teeth to the growing incomes of the population, as well as the factor of active advertising of products.
Naybilsh popular brands of toothpaste among Russians, the results of which were held by the company "Comcon-Media", є: "Perly", Blend-a-med, Aquafresh, "Cedar balsam" div. figure 3).

Fig. 3. Most popular toothpaste brands among Russians, the share of living in%.
Following the results of the doslіdzhen held by the Gallup company, the most popular brands of toothpaste, presented on the Russian market, there are: Blend-a-med, Colgate, Aquafresh, "Pearl", "Noviy Perli". According to the reports of the Comcon company, in this regard, the popularity of the brands was judged not for a part of the satisfaction, but for their representation at points of distribution.
For a tribute, guide the company "Comcon-Media", a large number of Russian hunters older than 10 years (54.7%) brush their teeth traditionally - two times a day, three times a day to clean their teeth, deprived of 3% of Russian townspeople, do not brush their teeth 4, 7% of residents of Russian towns.
At the end of the description, the deyakі ostanі podії, which became significant for the Russian and light rinks of the tooth mouth. Restyling of the federal brand “Novy Perly” (BAT “Nevska Cosmetics”), carried out by the Coruna Branding Group, became one of such pods. Toothpaste "Noviy Perly" appeared on the Russian market in 1995, for the period from 1995 to 2001, more than 15 different names of toothpastes were introduced by the brand on the market, but they didn’t get structured and knitted one by one. The main staff of the restyling of the Novy Perly trademark was the adjustment of the position on the market, for the purpose of creating a strong image of the brand, clearly communicating from the competitors, the key words for the image were “freshness”, “success”, “success”, “success” The logo of the brand has added a new and modern seat to the chair, which has taken care of the constant change of the old used logo. The graphic for the logo and the graphic for the packaging of the Noviy Perli pastes have been registered for the purpose of restoring the form of the boxes.
A significant addition, which has recently become on the market of toothpastes, has become the establishment of the Japanese invention of the principle new toothpaste, which does not only protect the teeth from the teeth, but automatically fill the gaps in the teeth. The process of renewing a single tooth is done quickly - it’s easy to get acid in the toothpaste, and after three chills, the paste crystallizes, and the piece material is naturally absorbed into the structure.
Also in the process of lіkuvannya the pasta has a strong antibacterial effect. The miracle pasta has already successfully passed the classy viprobuvannya, Odyna Umova, who will be recognized by the winners - a unique zhuvalnoy gumka, as you can viklicati burned emaly.
Main visas:
The huge sales of toothpaste in Russia in 2008 - 2010 rocketed at approximately equal rates, which accounted for 12% in the rock. In 2010, there were a large number of toothpaste sales, making 750 million tubes in natural rotation and 190 million US dollars in variable rotation (according to previous estimates).
According to the factor of the quality of the stock of toothpastes on the Russian market of toothpastes, the onset of the main segments of the toothpaste is growing: the toothpaste is easy, the toothpaste comes from the sensitive toothpaste, the most useful and professional toothpastes are developed,
According to the price factor, the Russian toothpaste market is divided into the following main segments: economy segment (less than 15 rubles); middle segment (15-35 rubles); premium segment (35-50 rubles); super-premium segment (for 50 rubles).
There are no more than ten great wyrobniks of the tooth mouth in Russia. The provincial camp on the Russian market is occupied by three companies: VAT "Concern" Kalina "(Yekaterinburg), VAT" Nevska Cosmetics "(metro St. Petersburg), VAT" Cosmetic treatment "Svoboda (metro Moscow).
The part of the toothmouth, presented on the Russian market, is important, the part of the Russian virobniks on the market becomes close to 55% in natural rotation on the basis of up to 45%. On a small part of the leader's teeth in the toothpaste (Colgate-Palmolive, Procter & Gamble, GlaxoSmithKline), 18% of the Russian market falls in natural swelling.
One of the main features of the dynamics of a living toothpaste market in Russia is the development of a “brand” lifestyle and an increase in the importance of the quality factor in terms of the cost factor (including the growth of toothpaste on the road).

1.2. Advertising sketches.
Toothpaste Smak-2011
In Danish hour for more effective performance with effort many methods the enterprise only advertises in mass media (the newspaper "Molodiy Komunar", "Panorama"), on the radio (advertisements on the radio "Maximum"), rarely on television ( Advertising video on another channel). However, a smart development of the Russian market modern methods letting in the goods.

"Come in" Public Relations ""
The main meta-formulation of the community's thoughts is to set the position of the company in the suspension and on the live markets. It is even more important for the commercial success to pour into the business-middle-class call, to covet a positive positive attitude to the phyms, in other words, to screw up the respect of the suspension and formulate the "friendly call form".
Tehnologіchna scheme dії mehanіzmu formuvannya gromadskoї pillows - tse lantsyuzhok poslіdovnih Act reasonably: zayaviti about yourself - zaluchiti i utrimuvati uwagi - viklikati іnteres - znyati napruzhenіst i nedovіra - sformuvati Positive іmіdzh - іnіtsіyuvati Bazhannya - sponukati suspіlstvo to Bazhanov for fіrmi dії - udoskonalyuvati іmіdzh fіrmi (pіdvischuvati rating).
Before the fahivts of the PR, there are zhorstki vimogi, the main ones:
- nobility mentality;
- economic, political, social, demographic situation;
- take part in marketing, investment, marketing, production, production.
In order to increase the efficiency of trade companies' efficiency, the following types of activity are transferred to the vikoristov according to the form of a community thought (table 2):

Table 2
Come in "Public - Relations"

1 Link to ЗМІ Preparation and distribution of press releases, special information about the activity of companies, products promoted by it in such most popular types as the newspaper "Komsomolskaya Moya Pravda", "Tulski vіzvestiya" and "Tulski gazeta Izvestia" ZMI needs to develop an image-statistic about traditions and development prospects.
2 Propaganda of services 1) Opituvannya community thoughts (questionnaire). It is planned to expand the middle of the population of the questionnaires, to include new groups of food:
1. Does the spouse know about the activity of the enterprise and the very same?
2. How can I be admitted to the її dіyalnosti (grants of nі range, yakіstyu, prices of promoted services)?
3. Does the spouse have a bazhanna and the ability to match a friend and what?
4. Remarks that pozhannya potential buyer.
5. Handing over to adverts of advertising materials (albums, advertising brochures).
3 Sponsor Dilove financing of cultural - mass, health, sports visits with the right to distribute advertisements.
4 Monitoring of the legal field, political, social - cultural and economic situation of the current situation, assessment and adequate response to the change of minds of the new business - middle level, clarification about the consumption of the culture - the public about the enterprise and the services it promoted, according to the rating of some direct, їkh warehouses.

5 Іmіdzhu іmіdzhu іdvishennya іmіdzhu

Until the earliest-mid-1990s, the time of the company was growing rapidly, as the stink of being consumed by their groups of huge critical importance. Corporate abo organizing image is the whole image of organizing in the presented groups of communities. Positive image advances the competitiveness of commercial organization on the market. Winning the co-opted partners, accelerating the sale and the overhaul. It will allow organizing access to resources (financial, information, human, material) and operations.
Іmіdzh is a tool for reaching the strategic goals of organizing. The aim is to take into account the main aspects of organizing the organization for the future. The overwhelming positive image is obvious. However, the positive popularity (publicity) is not determined by itself and not by itself. Vona vimagaє tsіles straight systematic robots. Іміdzh - the price is not only for it, it is a management tool, but a management object. The positive image, as it is, public, is established by the main activity of the company, as well as a straightforward informational robot, organized on the whole group of the community. The robot will stay in the meaning of the world for additional marketing communications (public relations, advertising, sales specialties, sales incentives).
Slid of admiration, so the calls from the community are no longer a sensation in the everyday business. The everyday life of the robot was honored with the development of the PR-industry, the formulation of a new profession in a modern suspension. Suspilna dumka declared itself as an independent force, as a result of rakhuvatisya.
Necessity, consistency and efficiency In the simplest way to assess the goods, the number of people has grown rapidly in the "goodness" of the company and as it is dynamically growing after the delivery of goods and realizations. By virtue of the reasons for the self-investment of firms in PR, it is even more important for the sustainable pre-city success of the project.

"Come in" Sales Promotion ""
Let's step for the importance and efficiency of the tool for capturing the services and for securing the implementation of services є "sales promotions" - a complex of entry, to take the goods on the market and stimulate the implementation of the services.
ZAT "Sik" plans to carry out offensive robots focused on stimulating sales of services (table 3):
Table 3
Come in "Sales - Promotion"
No. Straight Type of design
1 Incentives for a stitched heel Prize for winning purchases and increasing sales commitments, for new ideas in robots with customers. The amount of the premium to be deposited from the increase in sales - from 5 to 20% of the salary payment of the seller
2 Stimulation of purchases 1) Zaokhochennya of purchases - holding lotteries (upon payment of a subscription, pay for a sum of 1000 rubles. lottery ticket, And in the end of the skin month there is a prize-win)
2) System of discounts

Come in "Sales - Promotion" guilty based on the results of marketing messages, knowledge of the dynamics of the happy drink (ochіkuvan) and the happy authorities of their services.

"Zbut products by phone (" Telemarket ")"
At first glance, it’s possible to build a service by phone - the operation is simple: dial the phone number of a potential buyer and sell your product. However, the simplicity of the liche of the udavan.
"Telemarket" has its own rules, knowing what is for the seller obov'yazkovo. The main axis of the rules is:
- First of all, you need to start looking for a potential buyer, you need to know more about it.
- It is necessary to thoroughly know your goods, to prepare a plan for the development and read the specific information on the food and the customer's list.
- Introduce yourself on the cob of rose and demand, name your company and, having passed over, picking up the phone as needed by a lyudin, name the meta.
- It is not at all guilty to see if it’s possible to get rid of it, because it’s impossible to live, drink it, fire it up.
- Do not let the sp_rozmovnik lead you to see me. Formulate the power supply in such a way that the client of the yakomoga often returns "so", "good".
- Chi don't be surprised by the one in which Vee doesn't sing.
- Do not rely on memory. The head moments of the conversation are going to be recorded.
- Try, if there is any result, the Telemarket at the customer has become overwhelmed with hostility.
At the Telemarkets enterprise, you can trust the commercial director, as well as Lyudin Volodya with singing special qualities: in the context of the situation and accept the solution, often tied with a risik; know the typology of people, the basics of logic and psychology; Volodya by the rules of the business match and by the etiquette; respectable to drіbnits; Volodya good voice and my correct voice; positively placed before life as a whole.

"Seasonal items"
Practitioners of sales plan to vikoristovuvati a system of seasonal discounts (for example, in the end of a worm - a cob of heather, there is a discount for a friend). The practice of organizing a show is effective.

"Credit"
Some robots will be able to pass the line of payments in case of great sales. Regardless of the service, a singular term for the payment line will be established - from two dates to the month. For koristuvannya loan from the buyer is taken 2% per month.

1.3. Dilove distribution.
Planning marketing visits

Name Triviality, days Date of cob Date of completion Part of the stage, rub.
Advertising enter 365 01.06.2011 - 61 490
Production and implementation of Smak-2011 juice 365 06/01/2011 06/01/2012 495,000
Simultaneously 556 490
Working hour at the enterprise is from 8: 00-17: 00.

1.4. Set of goals.
Golovna (pershochergova) meta - stabilization of the function of the enterprise. The implementation of the headache can be achieved in three hours, so that it can grow for triviality. When you visit, start:
- short-line meta - the exit of the enterprise from the crisis camp at the level of bezbitkivost, hard mode of economy of virobnykh resources;
- middle-line meta - upsugnennya financial camp, SHO Vidpovidaє vimogam lenders, pratsivnikiv, shareholder;
- pre-construction meta - maximization of shareholder income.
Additional items - the price you need to get a headache. For a pre-juvenile enterprise, you can see the next steps:
1. Optimization of the structure and methods of management;
2. Poshuk and development of new types of products;
3. Expansion of the stake of platospomoshy deputies;
4. Possibility and recognition of a directed strategic investor;
5. Cardinally advancing the level of management at the enterprise.

1.5. Marketing news.
It is significant that the enterprise overcame its competitors, according to table 4.
Table 4

Market segmentation by main competitors (bali)
Competitive factors "Smak-2011" Competition
"Pearly" "Fox balm"
servants
number
savor parameters
Brand prestige
channel zbutu
Zbutu form:
direct delivery
Sales representatives
Pouring products into the market:
Advertising:
for spouses
For trade intermediaries
Individual sales:
Stimuli for spouses
demonstration show
Show of services
Startup and training for the personnel of the emergency services
The riddle about servants in the way of mass information

SIZE 115 102 96

Yak can be seen from table 4 at the enterprise of the winners in relation to competitors. Our company is the most competitive in terms of ballistic criteria in comparison with competitors. In all directions, except for the level of service personnel, advertising visits, and for the personnel of the foreign services, they are encouraged to compete.
Marking the prospect of services, how to reap the benefits of the product safety index (Ic):
de Wi - wag of the i-th criterion (Wi = 1);
Ri - rating of the item estimated by the i-th criterion;
n is the number of criteria identified.
The value of Wi and Ri will be established by an expert path.
Criteria for Ic targeting are shown in Table 5.

Table 5

Criteria for the size of Ic
Possible criteria for the assessment "Vaga"
(Wi) Estimated scale
(Ri) Wi Ri
1 2 3 4
What is the potential of the market for the given services? W1 = 0.25
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1
low arch high W1 R1
Chi є reserve service modifications? W2 = 0.21
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 not even narrower than high W2 R2
Qi є reserve modifications to your marketing strategy? W3 = 0.18
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1
not much higher W3 R3
How many hours can you spare for a rakhunok to pay for a given service? W4 = 0.11

0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1
even more bagato little less W4 R4
What are some garnie alternative options? W5 = 0.14
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1
even better even worse W5 R5
Yaka is the role of the servant a positive role? W6 = 0.07

0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1
not much bigger W6 R6
What is the world of the servant for the sale of those services? W7 = 0.04
0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1
not spry even strongly W7 R7

Rosrahuєmo Ic:
Ic = 0.25 * 0.8 + 0.21 * 0.9 + 0.18 * 0.8 + 0.11 * 0.8 + 0.14 * 0.8 + 0.07 * 0.9 + 0.04 * 0.9 = 0.8
Chim nearer Ic to 1, tim vishche steps of the protection of the goods for the first time of the minds. The step of saving the service is great, but the company is all one step behind the back of a bit of information about their modifications and expansion of the market.
1.6 Financial security.
The financial statements are carried out in the course of the stages.
At the first stage, it is robust to the front "primirku" to be consumed in the primary (starting) capital, in order to be required in the main and werewolf cats:
Note 750,000
Office area 280,000
Ustatkuvannya for workshop 580,000
Motor transport 230,000
Stocks of syrovini and materials 160,000
Gotіvkovі vitrati: 135 000
Front advertising 67,000
Payment of pratsi 170 000
Immediately demand is in the starting capital 2 372 000

The amount of cob capital is large, it is necessary to think over a plan for the most economical way of rejecting all that is necessary for a normal robot.

explained:
1. To drive the attachment. You can choose the following options:
a) you can buy booths for 550 thousand rubles. (Area 400 sq. M.) І for 950 thousand rubles. (Area 800 sq.m.)
b) it is possible to rent a wake up with a monthly rent in the amount of 105 thousand rubles. on pik.
c) I can wake up on my mind the transfer, for example, 35% of our products to the owner of the wake up.
What kind of vibrati?
a) You can buy, taking out a loan, for 1100 thousand rubles. (Area 1100 sq.m.), occupy 720 sq.m., and 380 sq.m. lease. Pislya end to fate otrimaєmo income and reversible credit.
b) It’s not a lot of opportunities to take a great loan and spend some money on repairing the building, renting this part of the joint venture, then choosing option "b", to rent it. If we can squeeze the overpayment, and if it is not possible to make it, then it will be brought to the option "in".
c) Option "c" to wear a "bonded" character, but all the same, there is a possibility to work on a robot without any significant cob investment.
Let me choose option "b" - lease of attachment. The rent will be included in the part of the goods, so the investment is not transferred and the demand in the primary capital is changed significantly.
2) To the drive of possession, verstat_v and car. We can buy not new ones, but if we don’t go, we can take possession on the minds of leasing. Even quickly the need for primary capital.
3) Required. With її specified, it is necessary that:
- it is known that you can count the services and the meeting for the execution of documents, seals, displaying a rakhunku to the bank (deposit 50% of the statutory capital at once.) І etc.
- razvivayutsya on the cob earned capital for the first income, including the payment of wages, and if razvivayutsya more or less, then the amount of cob capital for the price statute;
- procurement of raw materials and materials is required for the first batch of products or for the month of robots.
An offensive croc to a cob head.
On yak dzherela mi can rorahovuvati:
1. Accumulation of prior educational activities.
2. Osobstі zaoschadzhennya, incl. in speech or commodity form.
3. Poses for crops for growing crops.
Otzhe, we should go to the layout of the layout.

Scheme of moos dzherel formvannya capital
P / p Category
capital city
dzherela Vitrati for redemption in rіk, thousand rubles The best option
1 Budivlya a) rent
b) purchase
c) bedroom virobnitstvo 90
940
210 +
2 Establishment for office a) lease
b) purchase 45
124 +
+
3 Shop area a) purchase 130 +
4 Attach tools a) rent
b) purchase 12
33
+
5 By the way a) leasing
b) purchase 80
175 +
+
6 Motor transport a) rent
b) purchase 46
320 +
+
7 Best Vitrati and non-transferable Vitrati a) Good capital 80
+
8 Sirovina and materials a) purchase for 1 circuit
b) on a sieve, a stock of 80
440 +

+
9 Payment for work a) Ready capital
b) from the implementation of the stretch of fate 58
362 +
+

Immediately, the capital demand is on the market:
90 + 45 + 124 + 130 + 33 + 80 + 175 + 46 + 320 + 80 + 80 + 440 + 58 + 362 = 2063 thousand rubles.
including:
a) start capital:
124 + 130 + 33 + 175 + 320 + 80 + 80 + 58 = 1000 thousand rubles.
b) viplati in kіntsі rock (rent + leasing)
90 + 45 + 12 + 80 + 46 = 273 thousand rubles.
c) from viduchki from the realization by stretching out to the doom
440 + 362 = 802 thousand rubles.
Dzherela start capital:
1. Specialists zaschadzhennya 350
2. Payoffs of partners 260
3. Loan to bank 220
4. Positions of sales agent 170
At once 1000 thousand rubles.

Visiting the office
Whenever there are retail stores, business is guilty of being prytkovy, or hocha bsbezbitkovim. For the purpose of increasing nutrition, the plan is even larger by the size of the cob capital, and the income and vitality from the release of the product and the most affordable option for the sale of sales.
Viznachaєmo price of maybutny viroba for the results of vivchennya rinku. Let the price of one virobu = 50 rubles. and the price for this kind of virobi.
From the start of the implementation (P * Q). You can sell 52,000 pieces of virobids and a virus from the sale of the culprit TR = P * Q = 50 * 52000 = 2600 thousand rubles.
We conduct vitrat rosary, which can be divided into 2 large groups:
a) zagalnі postіynі vitrati (vitrati) - TFC. Їх the sum is not deposited in the form of an obsyag in the release of products.
b) zmіnnі vitrati (vitrati) - TVC. The amount of cich vitrate is directly deposited in the amount of production, which is allowed to be released.

Rozrahunok vitrat and arrival
1.Viruchka from the sale of products 2600
2. Post-vitrati (TFC)
including:
- rent + leasing: 90 + 45 + 12 + 80 + 46
- payment of pratsі managers
- tributes (50% of all payments made)
- depreciation (10% of OPF) 493
273 80 90 50
3. Winter vitrati (TVC)
including
- syruvina and materials (10 per 1 pc. 52000)
- salary
- tribute (50% of the RFP)
- іnshі vitrati 1365 520 420 210 215
4. At once vitrati: TC = TFC + TVC 1858
5. Gain (TR-TC) 2600-1095 742

Visually indicators of virobnstva efficiency.
a) Term of return on start-up capital:
tok = Starting capital (K) / Profit = 1000/742 = 1.3 rock
b) Profitability of the product:
P1 = Pributok / Vitrati
virobnstva * 100% = P / TS * 100% = 742/1858 * 100% = 40%
Otrimani indicators of efficiency are satisfied.
Visible to the point of bezbitkivostі.
Qtooth. = TFC / P-AVC
AVC = TVC / Q = 1365/52000 = 26 rubles.
Qtooth. = TFC / P-AVC = 493000 / (50-26) = 20542 pieces.

Visnovok: The financial efficiency of the projected project is very good. We will buy the goods, we will fix them with 21 thousand pieces, the profitability rate is 40% and the payback period is 1.3 rubles.

List of Victory Literature:
1. Babicheva Yu.A. Marketing.- M, Ekonomika, 2007.
2. Bєloglazova G.V. Fundamentals of Marketing: Pidruchnik.-M: Yurayt-Izdat, 2004.
3. Belyavsky І.К. Marketing advice: information, analysis, forecast - M.: Financial and forecast, 2005.
4. J. Judi Effective marketing. The art of creating a positive image. - M.: Filin, 2007.
5. Doroshiv K.M. Introduced into the theory of marketing: Navchalnyy book for universities. - M .: INFRA mu, 2007.
6. Slagoda V.G. Economic theory: Navchalny posibnik.-M.: Forum: INFRA-M.2007.
7. Usoskin V.M. Basics of marketing. -M.: ICC Vazar-Ferro. 2006.
8. Shakhov V.V. Marketing. M., UNITI, 2005.
9. Borodin A.F. About the role of marketing in securing the growth of the economy. // Nutrition of the economy. -2008.
10.Gryadovo O.V. Deyakі problems of development of marketing in Russia // Problems of practice and theory of management. -2008.
11. Demichev A. Marketing and economics. // Economics. -2008.

Check out the control, download the file!

• How can it be done with pracea?
• Yak injected into the economy podіl pratsі?
• Yaka is the form of the state's gift in the big world of economic goals - is it a natural state gift, or is it a commodity?
• Yak ti placed before the order "Don't fool - don't sell"?
• Are you fair and honest?
• Who is playing from the trade - the seller who is the buyer?

Now people exchange

You also know that people can satisfy their needs in two ways: to make everything necessary independently, or to forget a part of the superfluous things that have been created by their own practice, in the necessary speech, prepared by these people. With the emergence of a huge podilu pratsi pochav razvivatisya exchange.

Who has the perevagi obminu? First of all, people do not need everything to do it, but to work on their own. In another way, as a result, you can take into account a greater amount of good things in your life. Tse sponded people to exchange the important side of economical activity.

What is necessary, what about the exchange? A lot of need to grow economically good, and then proponate it to sale, that is, to make it a commodity. Whether it is a product, which becomes a commodity, it is guilty of two powers: a happy one, that is, E. But it’s a corny one, which is needed by people, and a new one, that’s E. I am going to exchange on the other products.

Warmth is a world, for the additional value of goods or goods. For example, in years with a plastic and metal case, the same way of life, ale rizna minova. A loaf of bread and a pack of cigarettes have the same minimum price, ale rizna happy price.

Tobi, viciously, brought zmіnyuvatisya. For example, remembering the olives on the eraser. Now let me know, remembering the new bike on a CD. How can such an exchange be called equal or equal? Melodiously, dumb, to that the subject should be exchanged, but the price will rise.

The price of the goods is a whole lot, it is rolled in a penny form. One of the minds of the exchange is that the guilty is being made by the rivnotsinnym, the reciprocal ones, and for the nobility it is necessary for the nobility to have the part of the exchanged speeches and vimiryuvati in the same units.

Having found hours in the suspension, having started barter - a natural exchange of one speech for the insha. A penny is not needed for such an exchange. Tsey sposib exchange surviving to our days. Barter, which is a natural statehood, is a relic of the past, but there are many serious shortcomings: it’s not handy, it’s borrowed a lot of an hour to ask the exchange option, don’t wait for it to be rational and fair. In addition, in the current economy, rewarded the rink's talent and exchange for pennies.

All the wealth of economic changes that appear in the sphere of marketing, exchange and living of goods and services, is called a market. The whole word has one more, familiar to the skin meaning. This is the name of the place where the purchase and sale of goods is.

Rinok pov'yu economically on the basis of the remnants of vyrobniks, as they share the results of their activity. In the minds of the market government, the seller can clearly set prices, and the buyer - robity vibir: buy the goods at a price. The main principle of the market is to be guilty of being seen as a seller and a buyer. The buyer is satisfied with his consumables in the necessary goods with the best cinnamon for himself. Virobnik, focusing on your consumer, pragmatically virobit more goods and services that people need.

Trade and form

Regular exchange of goods and services has become the basis of one more type of economic activity and the spіvpratsі of people - trade.

Trade is a state-of-the-art gift, in which goods are sold in a way of purchase and sale. Vona permits to the general public of the country.

Why trademark? People, for the satisfaction of their needs, need to discard more versatile goods and services, which are less skinny when there is a lot of building growth, if there are more types of products. Tse of rubbing and allowing the virginity of trade. People step by step crossed over in її passes, even the ability to trade allowed us to reject a greater number of benefits.

Rozdribna trade

Trade will help people to satisfy their growing consumption, develop a lot of activity, accumulate wealth.

Everyday trade organizations are constantly joking ways to make the supply of people more satisfied. For example, not so long ago in our towns and villages on the doors of the deyakie enterprises of the trade, the "24 Years" viviski appeared. In the shops you can have a selection of "Seasonal sales", "Aktsiya. Discounts for a friend from 10 to 50% ”,“ All comrades for the same price ”.

Gurtova Torgivlya

Trade can be wholesale and distribution, internal and external. Wholesale trade - the price of sales of goods by great parties, and distribution - sales of single goods or other parties. With the help of the wholesale trade, you can purchase goods from the trading base of goods from the virobnik enterprise, and then send them to the store. The sale of goods to the population in the retail trade enterprises - the price of the trade.

The internal trade is located in the boundaries of one land, and the land is in foreign countries... The name of the trade will follow the special rules that will be adopted in the United States.

More expensive in the past
The first forms of trade appeared close to 7 thousand. Fatal to that. The exchange of goods was found at the cordons of the development of the small tribes. More and more people have seen a number of "trade people", who have been specially invited to the new trade. In ancient places, the most populated city is the boule of trade areas. In the middle of the century in Europe, the so-called trade places (Venetsia, Genoa, Hamburg) appeared. On the ear of New Hour, there were also fairs for wholesale trade. At the same hour, fences were introduced in the suburbs for the delivery of goods. For example, in China, shovelworms were hardened, and wool was in England.
The development of trade called for the Great Geographical Vidkritiv. Aje Columbus pivot to India for expensive gingerbread, and vіdkriv America. The trade stimulated a lot of responses in the marketplace, the establishment of new types of goods and services. From trade, merchant pennies, manufactories were born - the provinces of the current industry. The trade tied the people and the land one to one. "Trade united people to a fraternity of mutual interest and interest," - said American politician J. Garfield (1831-1881).
The axis was written about the meaning of freedom of trade, the Russian historian and stately dean VN Tatishchev (1686-1750) in his message to Peter I: "Yaksho Vi, Sovereign, you will not give freedom to our people in trade and crafts, check us great.
The trade of the head of the bull is an important part of the economic prosperity of the country, the growth of income and the wealth of the community. Obmezhennya trade is a galmo of economical development.

Know the arguments for the appearance of J. Garfield and V. N. Tatishchev.

Advertising dvigun torgivlі

Tobi, melodiously, know the trance. I'll try to get back, chi so tse. Advertising (from Lat. Reclamo - vicrikuyu) - information about the supply of power to goods or services for sale.

Homeland of modern advertisements - From the States of America. There in the XIX century. the advertising agencies have been victorious, which have transformed advertising into an independent form of activity. Everyday advertising - business, economy, economy. People of different specialties (artists, engineers, artists, etc.) work here. happy Information - press, television, radio, Internet. Advertising (viviski, shields, svitlovi writings) has become a part of the image of everyday places.

As soon as we talk to the Internet, then, obviously, we know about Internet shops and electronic advertising. Vona has its own specialness and flexibility for letting the goods through to the customer. For example, the seller can give useful information about his comrade and servants. The same with video and musical decorations! Such advertising should be given the right to vibrate the most, which is really necessary. And then maybe you don’t go around the house, fill up the order, arrange the delivery of the goods.

Advertising victorious development of ways and means of combining virobniks before reversing and re-sending one hour a decal of prices: information (informing about a new product with a description of the way of living, reversing the form of a product) , nagaduvannya (pidtrimka to the highest level of information about the product).

Vyrobniki and sellers of goods vitrahayut values ​​for advertising. The smell of special services, hiring advertising agents, distributing trademarks (imovirno, that is, the signs of the companies "MTS", "Addas" andin.). In the clear advertisements, they are not only virobniks, but thirsty ones.

Hourly advertising information is bad faith and unfair. Okremi pidpryumtsi, pranguchi sbіlshiti svіyi arrivals, navmіno embellish and navіtіvіyut vіdomosti about comrade. Newspapers, magazines and the Internet, as a rule, do not carry the message for the change of comments, information.

To that, it is important to critically evaluate advertising. Someone else can help with the analysis and assessment of the information from the retail dzherel, how to correct the additional information from the specialty shops, the advice of the seller-specialist, the negative information about the advertising of the product itself, alcoholic beverages, Cigarette і t. P.).

overwhelming myself

1. Yak obmin virishu zavdannya ekonomiki?
2. What is necessary for a clear exchange?
3. What do people and countries want to trade?
4. Why trade vvazayut dzherel economical prosperity of the country?
5. Why is advertising of goods and services needed?

At the class and at home

1. Vikoristovuchi knowledge of the course of history and the material of the paragraph, go to sleep asleep, how to bring, that when a merchant appears, I am going to develop a civilization.
2. Virіzh from newspapers, advertisements, publicity, tribute to the receipt of respect, protection of information, the establishment of a pass. Give me an estimate, from a glance at the onset of vimoga before the advertisements: advertising is guilty of being interested in the spouse and seeing that it is new; advertising is guilty of buty cinnamon and I will help those who do not know; advertising maє buti truthful.
3. Try to explain the meaning of the rules, as the Russian merchants were cherubvali: "Pleasure for a penny."
4. Can you call it a barter land? The farmer vividly sold the cabbage harvest, vitraizing it all for one day.
   Two vyrobniki budmaterіalіv exchanged batches of goods, not vitraising with a lot of the money ruble. The seller of over-ripened peaches will be able to sell them wholesale for a lower price.
5. A number of terms are indicated below. All of them, with the blame of one, are brought to the understanding of the "obmin". Know and show the term that you will find in the first row and be referred to the first understanding. Trade, advertising, tribute, goods, barter, pennies.
6. Explain the meaning of the Russian prisliv: "Good is not cheap," "Price for the goods, but goods for the price", "More expensive - the goods are stale, strangle - the barish is NOT to make money."
7. The company, which organized the creation of a new type of toothpaste for children, proponed it to become an advertising agent. Prepare and propose a plan for an advertising campaign.

Thoughtful buyer

Do you want your purchase to be successful, or to be informed about the vibrations of vibrations? It is obvious to a certain type of situation: when you are getting ready to go to the sports tab, or to the dacha and for the first time, buy a guitar and new sneakers. You have a few options for the choice of the mind and mind of the purchase, but not for the skin of your worries and shortcomings.

1. Mistseviy market of living goods. The assortment of goods is great, prices for wholesale (lower, lower in stores), guarantee of the quality of the day, reliable information about the goods is interconnected, for example.
2. Ogoloshennya about sales of goods in newspapers. The price is negotiable. Guarantee of the quality of the day. No reliable information about the product.
3. Univermag. Ціни rozdrіbnі (vishche, nіzh on the market). Є Guarantee of quality, reliable and complete information about the goods.

Vibir will follow you. Economics would recommend to a rational person to buy a trivial product (in our brand name) in univermazy, and to buy a product (in our brand of cross) on the market of good quality products.