Lyudske eye in retail. Vivchaєmo ochne yabluko i yogo budova

25-09-2012, 13:39

At the same time, there are short anatomical views about the growth of a full-time apple in an ochnitsa, in addition to one blue one with efficient structures and the special features of the macroscopic bud.

Roztashuvannya eyes... The eye (oculus) grows in the eye and water soft fabrics(Fat cells, ointments, nerves and in.) (Fig. 3.1.1).

Small. 3.1.1. Growth of a full-time apple in a very and navkolishny structure: 1 - VERY YABLUKO; 2 healthy nerve; 3 - retrobulbar space ochnytsi; 4 - lower straight m'yaz; 5 - lower oblique m'yaz; 6 - bottom edge of ochnitsa: 7- povіki; 8 - eyebrow: 9 - upper edge of ochnitsa: 10 - empty skull; 11 - levator upper vernacular; 12 - upper straight m'yaz

In front of the winners of the tables. An eye to lie nearer to the newest and uppermost glasses.

The front-back side of the eye pass parallel to the medial stage of the eye, setting up from the lateral wall of the rim, 45 °.

Very apple it is easy to make a comeback... Between the two of them are inside the walls, the fat cells, the steps of the development and the tone of the ringing of the eyes, as well as the numerical links.

The anterior edge of the trochus orbit is lower from the medial side. For a reason, when looking straight ahead, the sclera is more beautifully visible from the temporal side. The very side of the eye is the same.

There is a great number of options to be able to reach the norm. steps of vistoyana to lie down, in the first place, in the form of an ossyat, a few klitkovini, the peculiarities of the budovia and the capital and conjunctiva. Naturally, the steps are to lay down and out of the eye.

Lie down to the front surface of the eye births(Palpebrae). At the moment when the age of the horny shell comes into contact with the turnouts, it doesn’t seem to be slowing down, the splinters of the capital’s migration are often seen on the surface of the horn, and “tear drip” appears.

The sclera of a full-time apple is covered with napivprosora conjunctiva(Tunica conjunctiva bulbaris), an episcleral plate (lamina episcleralis) and for the first time an apple - tenon's capsule (fascia bulbi). Tenon's capsule expands from the limba to the dura mater of the zorotic nerve. Vaughn go over to the tendons of the lasting muses in the eyes, fixing the connective tissue sheath around them, and then go over to the cysts of the ophthalmics near the eyes.

Slippers and Cameras Ochі... It’s very easy to store the apple from three shells, so that it surrounds the inner space on the front and back chambers of the eye, as well as the space, the viconious person - confidential camera(Camera vitreum) (Fig. 3.1.1, 3.1.2).

Small. 3.1.2. Horizontal view of an intramural apple: 1 - tendon of the direct meat; 2 - eyelash part of the suture; 3 - vіykovy tilo і vіykovy m'yaz; 4 scleral spur; 5 - venous sinus of the sclera (Schlemm's canal); 6 - zonular fibers to the apparatus; 7- rajadzhna saber; 8-crystal; 9-capsule of kristalik; 10-horned shell; 11-front camera; 12-rear camera; 13-kut front chamber; 14 - some parts of the growths; 15 - conjunctiva; 16 - toothing line; 17 - tendon of the internal straight meat; 18 - nasty tilo; 19 - haloid channel; 20 - scleri plate lattice; 21 healthy nerve; 22-central artery and vein of the link; 23-mіzhobolochnym space, scho to get from subarokhnoіdalny space; 24 - zovnishnya sheath of the zorotic nerve; 25 - central fossa in the zhovt_y plyam_; 26 - tenon's capsule; 27 - sclera; 28 - subhoroidal space; 29 - horioidea, sensory part of the link; 30 - sitkivka

The name of the shell of the eye presented by a highly decorated with good cloth... It is stored in the cornea in the front view and in the white color with the sclera on the front. Volodyuchi with elastic power, the two shells zoom in on the characteristic shape of the eyes.

Yak is meant to be, cornea gap. Vona Volodya with the greatest crushing light with strength. Bilkova is kalamutna, ale viklyuchno elastic. In addition, the elasticity of the sclera will change, but it is necessary to take care of an ophthalmologist when the internal vise has been changed, having carried out the recalibration of the instruments.

The peculiarities of the spacious organization of the collagen bundles in the sclera and the horns give it a special strength up to physical activities and building the shape in any mind. To create a vision of all the inner shells, the apple takes its shape.

The cornea and sclera are located in the singular zone, called limbom(Limbus). In the midst of the death, I will call the scleral sclerae (sulcus sclerae) (about 1.5 mm wide).

The middle ball of the intramural apple of representations of the court shell - uveal tract(Tunica vasculosa bulbi; tractus uvealis), which is stored in the rye shell (iris), the corpus ciliare and the choroidea. In front of the uveal tract, attach to the sclera tip, called the scleral spur, and behind it - to the edge of the zorovy nerve. The names of the uveal tract lie down to internal surface sclera, between them the numerical bundles of collagen fibers expand. The potential for space between the uveal tract and the sclera is called suprachromatic platyvkoyu (suprachorioidea; lamina suprachoroidea). Dilianki reach the straining attachment of the uveal tract to the sclera appear in the moments of penetration of the blood-bearing and nerve stubs in the middle of the eyes.

The main function of the uveal tract є safeguarding with lively words of the network of the shell... There is a great function of the establishment of the manifestation in this great number of blood-bearing vessels. Ciliary body (corpus ciliare), in addition, produces a watery vologue (humor aquosus), and this muzzle takes a part in accommodation. Back part The diet of the vitreous body is the synthesis of the components of the obstetric body (corpus vitreum).

Raiduzhna Obolonka(Iris) go from the front part of the vіykovy body, adjusting the diaphragm, adjusting the appropriate light in the middle of the eyes and preventing the development of spherical and chromatic aberration when the image is formed on the center of the shell.

The splinters of the uveal tract are stored in a great number of blood-bearing vessels, which can easily change in the fallowness of the blood vessels of the vessels. Allowing, however, is the power of the uveal tract to play a role in the regulation of the internal grip.
Internal ball of the intramural apple of performances with a frequent shell(Retina), as for the peculiarities of embryogenesis, budovi, and in terms of function, a part of the central nervous system. It extends from the zorovaya nerve to the dentate edge (line) (oga serrata).

Neuroepithelial (photosensitive) ball(Stratum neuroepitheliale; photosensorium), which folds into sticks, flasks and bodies of photoreceptor neurons, grows in the most part of the systemic shell. So that light for reaching the photoreceptor elements is guilty of passing through not only the horny shell, kryshtalik, sclopodibne tilo, but through the entire comrade of sits. Podbniy shlyakh passing light characterizes so the titles of the inversion of the eyes. Direct light energy on the receptor cellin appears in comas (faceted eyes).

Photoreceptor cells transform light into nerve impulse. The photoreceptors are arranged strictly in line with the cells of the pigment ingestion of the sieve, between the process of growing cementitiously, the role is very large in the metabolism of the sieve.

Healthy nerve(Nervus opticus) is located in the posterior pole of the eye and the replacement of the keel in the nasal side. Vіn enter in the very apple, confirming the middle disc of the healthy nerve.

Gel-like precocious tilo(Corpus vitreum) about 4 ml 3. It’s possible to reach the thickened shell and attachments to it, especially in the area of ​​the tooth-like line and the wavy body. Tse m_sce is called a priestly body. Strong contact is located in the area of ​​the healthy nerve disc, which is wider behind along the edges of the nerve. Above the disk of any structures, there is no ringing of the disc of the healthy nerve (discus nervi optici (papilla nervi optici)), it is mute.

In addition, there is a great role in the development of the internal grip of the establishment of their physical and chemical authorities.

The posterior surface of the crystal grows on the flattened surface of the flap-like body. Fibers are directed to the area of ​​the adequate crystal right up to the power supply of the sprouts vіykovy pasque(Fibrae zonulares).

rear camera(Camera posterior bulbi) is a small space between the back surface of the ridge shell and the front surface of the crystal. Along the periphery, the won is surrounded by a wicked frame. Reveal the back camera to the chamber vologue synthesized by the Vykovy Epithelem.

Front camera och(Camera posterior bulbi) is spread between the rear surface of the horn and the front surface of the ridge. Along the edges of the won, it is surrounded by a corpus ciliare and a scleral part of the trabecular mesh (pars corneoscleralis reticulum trabeculare).

Axis and areas... Very close to the shape of the apple behind the shape. The anterior pole of the eye (polus anterior oculi) grows in the center of the cornea. The posterior pole of the eye (polus posterior oculi) lies in the middle of the line, where it goes from the front pole through the point, where the center of the nose (geometric center, twists 12 mm behind the front pole), from the back through the sclera. It’s a little bit of a loss to a nerve. The line, which is at the bottom of the front and back poles, is called the geometric view of the eyes (axis bulbi externus). Internal axis bulbi internus є is seen between the back surface of the horn and the internal surface of the sieve along the line, so that the opposite side of the internal apple is offended.

Zorova hang eyes(Axis opticus) is a line that gives rise to a fixation point, a vnodal point, rosted on the posterior surface of the crystal, from a point rosted between the central fossa and the healthy nerve disc. Zorova hangs on a theoretical line that goes through the center of the refractive surface of the eye.

All points of the sclera, equidistantly the anterior and posterior poles, are molded geometric square(Aeuqator oculi), aky perpendicular
geometric axis. Yakbi is very little yabluko ideal form coo. then the geometric ekvator is a bi-ideal circle. Bilkova from the temporal side to be drawn, so the anatomical ekvator does not move backwards from the temporal side and forward from the nasal side and lie obliquely along the approach to the geometric axis.

meridiani(Meridiani oculi) is a semicircle, such as to squeeze the offense of the pole of an intramural apple and pass along a straight cut to an adequate level, intertwining anatomical and geometric adequacy of an eye. The sagittal meridian is placed on the nasal and temporal parts, and the horizontal meridian is on the upper and lower parts. Coronal, or frontal, the area passes through the ekvator and razdіlyaє ovne apple to the front and back half.

shape of the eye... The shape of the eyes is zoomed by the budovy of the verses, together with the eyes and the tone of the callings. Yak bulo is designated as vishche, vyshne apple is approximately kulyastoy form, but in reality it can be distributed on two spheres. The front is a corneous sheath, the smallest radius of curvature (8 mm) and is 1/6 of the surface of the eye. The back part - the sclera - is 5/6 areas of the eye, the radius of curvature is max, 12 ml.

The cornea of ​​the elipsoid form, oskilki, the vertical diameter is less, less horizontal.

In all the presenters of the full-time apple, viyavlena post-asymmetry yogo (Fig. 3.1.6- 3.1.7).

Small. 3.1.6. Schematic representation of a full-time apple (front view) (after Hogan et al., 1971): 1 - corneous sheath; 2 - ridge jacket; 3 - zinitsya; 4 - lim; 5 - sclera; b - projection of the tooth line; 7 - upper straight m'yaz; 8-lower straight m'yaz; 9 call is straight m'yaz; 10 internal straight line; // front parts of arteries

Small. 3.1.7. Schematic representation of a full-time apple (rear view) (after Hogan et al., 1971): 1 - healthy nerve; 2 - back short parts of arteries and veins; 3 - projection of zhovtoy beaches; 4 - vorticose veins; 5 - rear parts of arteries and veins; b - upper oblique m'yaz; 7 - lower oblique m'yaz; 8-straight lines

All three inner membranes are shorter than the nasal side. The asymmetry should be adjusted to the center of the zorotic nerve by 3 mm to the nasal side and by 1 mm to the bottom of the posterior pole of the eye. On the nasal side, the ciliary body is shorter by 1 mm, so the line is closer to the limbus. Zinitsya and kryshtalik are also slightly replaced nasally. Tse supravodzhutsya sound of the anterior chamber of the nasal side. Anatomical asymmetry collapses during the development of myopia, stafilomy and in.

size of eyes... Size of an intramural apple (table 3.1)

Table 3.1.1. Determination of eyes and structures

to complete the sutta to see young people. Middle size in the front-rear, transverse and vertical strips, approximately the same and the road 24 mm. Front-rear size can vary from 21 to 26 mm. With hypermetropia (far ages), it can be less than 20 mm and more than 29 mm with myopia (short ages). The transverse and vertical dimensions vary significantly less (from 23 to 25 mm). With a popular front-rear door size 16-17 mm. In the first three, the fate of life grows up to 22.5-23.0 mm. The residual size of the eyes reaches up to 13 years of life. The weight of the eyes is 7.5 g, and the weight is 6.5 cm3.

Topography of the surface of the apple(Fig. 3.1.6-3.1.7). In front of the last scleral furrow, there is a place of the cornea and sclera, called the limbus (edge ​​of the horn: limbus corpeae). In the area of ​​the projection of a tight part of the ciliary body (ciliated ridge; orbiculus ciliaris), 4 mm behind the limbus, nerve gossip does not appear frequently, as well as superficial melanocytes.

Kilka in front of the vision of the attachment of the straight lines of the eye, the channels grow out, through which the front parts of the artery and veins penetrate in the very apple. Close to the skin, behind a vignette of zvnіshnyoi straight. lie on the door of the artery. The arteries do not easily fall on the back until they penetrate into the sclera.

The mission of attaching the inner and the outward straight lines of communication is done to reach the straight line. The upper and lower straight lines form a curve, the curvature of which is straight obliquely forward. At the same time, the nasal edge of the attachment grows closer to the cornea, below the temporal edge (Fig. 3.1.6).

When looking at the back surface of the eye, you can see healthy nerve from navkolishnі th envelopes(Fig. 3.1.7). 12 short posterior vein arteries (a. Ciliares posteriores breves) and close to 10 short posterior vein nerves (n. Ciliares posteriores breves), like, in the lower, penetrate into the sclera. It is necessary to indicate that from the nasal side of the artery and vein lie to the nearest nerve. two dovs all of the arteries(A. Ciliares posteriores longae) and nerves (n. Ciliares posteriores longae) penetrate into the sclera in the horizontal meridian. Mice of penetration from the nasal side is 3.6 mm from the external nerve, and from the temporal side by 3.9 mm. Obliquely piercing the sclera, the stench penetrates into the suprachorioidea. Some of the most common parts of the artery and veni lie three lower than the horizontal meridian. With a lot of stench, a spike penetrates into the sclera anteriorly, below it.

On the back surface of the apple one can see vortikoznyh veni(V. Vorticosae; v. Choroideae oculi), draining the venous system of the ridge sheath, veykovy body and choroid. Vvazhaєtsya, there are 7 vortic veins, a large part of which lie on the nasal side. The stomachache of the veins can grow in a normal rank, or more often 3 mm behind the erect.

On the rear surface of the eye appear and the attachment oblique words(Fig. 3.1.7). The upper oblique m'yaz is fastened to the middle of the main vertical meridian of the eye. The line of attachment is drawn out. Lie askance at the crooked viglyad, I will drop forward. The length of the attachment of the meat is varied in the older individuals from 7 to 18 mm. Great part of the line of attachment to lie behind the ekvore. Shown between the front point of attachment and limb of the road is 12-14 mm, and between the back point and limb of 17-19 mm. One of the front edge of the line of attachment in the socket is to go to the final point of attachment of the inner straight line of the eye.

Lower oblique m'yaz maє vicily short tendon. Inodi m'yaz bezposeredno pass into the sclera. Dovzhina attachment line can be adjusted from 5 to 14 mm. The line of attachment is also volodya drooped, turned forward. The posterior point of the line of attachment to the lower oblique mucosa is expanded 3-6 mm in front of the edge of the zorotic nerve and is close to 1 mm of the lower one. To the rear edge of the muzzle, the lower inner vortic vein is often inserted into the socket.

As an ophthalmologist, and pathogistology is necessary for the nobility of the topographic points on the surface of the apple.

The conjunctiva of the eye in the area of ​​\ u200b \ u200bthe lamb is surrounded by a misinterpretation of the anterior near-cordon (boyman's) plate(Lamina limitans anerior; Bowman). Tse mice є the best front border of the limba. best back cordon kuta of the anterior chamber of the eye є line, which should pass 2 mm behind the limb. The root of the ryaduzhnoy shell should lie immediately in front of the kuta. The teeth of the line are most likely to grow to the limbus from the nasal side (6 mm). From the temporal side the door is 7 mm. The distance from the tooth line to the tooth line is one 6-8 mm, and from the tooth line to the next (macula lutea) - 18-20 mm. nasal. Zhovta Plyama(Macula lutea) grow in 2.2 mm і nasal medial edge of the bone attached to the lower oblique muzzle of the eye.

Pidvodyachi pid bags, it is necessary to read the reader to the table. 3.1.1, in which reports have been made about the development of the small structures of the eye.

Yaky to be stored from such units:

• very apple;
• povіki, full-time fossa, which represent a fixed apparatus for the organ;
• appendages, scho include such aparati (slozny, myazovy);
• nerve fibers;
• zorovi centri.

In the eyes of the people of the eyes of the idea of ​​a unique optical apparatus, like for his Budova podibny to Budova photo camera. As a light-transmitting matrix, it is a sieve, in the role of diaphragms it is a zinitsa, it serves as an active crystal, a biological body is a sclera. In humans, the apple is very much represented by a system, such as additional structures:

• povika;
• slime the shell;
• okorukhovi m'yazi;
• sl_zniy apparatus.

structure

In people, as a rule, it’s very hard to locate all over the place. Look for an additional theon capsule from її stinok. Budov's apple is still foldable, it’s worthy of a warehouse, it’s connected, it’s for sure. The apple is represented by a rounded camera, in the middle of which there are such light-guiding spheres, like:

• rogivka;
• kryshtalik;
• vologue of the anterior chamber;
• mouthful.

Why is the stench needed? The function of the storage room for the body is in the lamina beams of light, with the other focus on the sites in the area, the receptor is de-localized.

The apple is very close to the next 3 shells:

1. scleri. A shell is given є by an opaque, callous. Go ahead and go to the post.
2. judgment, yak є middle. There is the shape of the eyelash, the ridge, all the middle of which is changing the room, the service officer for the regulation of the bunches of light, which is passed through the middle of the eyes.
3. sits. Given a shell є internal. They have internal photoreceptors, represented by sticks, cones. The smell of serving the people for the sake of light energy in razdratuvannya.

Very much the apple of people is built up from two poles: front, rear, also in the new view 3 axes (call, internal, zorova). Zovnishnya serve to bring the front pole from the back. The inside of the rosette grows between rogivkoyu, sitkivkoyu. Peretin Zorovoi wasp with a sitkivka go to the road through the object across the center of kryshtalik, rogivka.

m'yazi eyes

In case of robotic dermal apples, 6 miasis are produced. From them, chotiri are represented by straight lines (internal, upper, lower, zovnishniy), and two are oblique (lower, upper). The staff of the structures of the eyes can turn around in a bagatel straightforward. Likewise, it is not possible to focus on the singing object.

Myazov fibers are repaired from the bottom ring, near the opening intended for. In the middle of all m'yazov, the lower braid is embedded in a vinyat. Five m'yazy pretend to be lost, which is designated for conducting sudin, a healthy nerve.

The oblique upper m'yaz_v of straightening to the block. It is clear that you can see it, until the middle. When the block is turned into a tendon, it is stretched across a block loop, so that it is straight on the spit. The tendon attachment is seen at the bottom of the straight upper ligament.

The sprinkle of the lower fiber grasses the cob at the bottom of the inner edge of the ochnitsa. Vono go to the name, vkіntsі. The fiber is attached to the bottom of the outer part of the cooler-like chamber.

Theon shell will drain all the mucus in the mice, de stench will be scrolled through the sclera.

functions of communication

M'yazy full-time apple functions to regulate the three nerves:

1. okorukhim;
2. enter;
3. block.

On the variability of all vikonuvannyh meats of rukhiv injected that special feature, so that the skin of them is clearly pierced by nerve ends. i'm an apple wide range rukhiv (up, right, down, left). The staff of good robots will take care of the image of a singing object on the macular area.

For the function of the mucous membranes, there is not a pericular nerve. The very same nerve is to lay down the regulation of the activity of the upper, internal, lower straight, lower oblique mucous, the last straight muyaz regulating the lateral nerve, and the upper oblique - to the nerve block. Control over the functions of decile mucous membranes to check for an additional one of the nerve nerves. So take care of the best accuracy for hours of robotic eyes.

The peculiarity of the grain fibers in humans can be robbed by the spirits in the right direction (horizontal, vertical, pre-middle, so-called, on / against the year-old arrow). The robot itself is gratified by the cich m'yaziv, її read control nervous system Take a view of the whole spectrum of folding rucks, like a show in one / different directions. In such a rank it is possible to reach the binocular vision, its scope.

Okorukhovykh m'yazi take the visitor with a healthy organ of the people, and the lower-assigned ones:

• Introduction (abduction). Vono vikonutsya in skronev_y straight behind the help of a direct call. Also, the upper and lower braids of the fibers, which I will call abductors.
• Reduced (adduction). Turn your eyes to see right up to the nose behind the help of the internal direct meat. When such a ruck is seen, the upper, lower straight fibers are taken into account, which are called adductors.
• Rukh to the bottom to vikonutsya behind the aid of a straight lower, upper oblique muffs, called lowering.
• Rukh burn down, yake vikonuє upper straight, lower oblique m'yazy, which are called RISE.

Okorukhovy m'yazy bezpechte vikonannya 2 ways of rukhiv two ochima:

1. Vikonannya rukhiv verzionnykh (one-sided). The offense of a full-time apple in one hour turns in one straight line.
2. Vykonannya ochima protolezhіvnyh rukhіv (vergent), which can be straightened to the nose (convergence), to the bottom (divergence). Throwing drops, if one eye straightens to the left, the other to the right. Such a way for the ruch to bear the name of the breeding of the green axes.

Offense of options ruhiv vikonuyutsya in two straight lines (oblique, vertical).

Dodatkovі m'yazy eyes

Rukas with a full-time apple vikonuyutsya for the help of mu'yaz_v, which is localized near the intramural shchilini. In the middle of them є circular, yak is stored in three parts:

1. orbital. When fasting, the transverse folds in the forehead area are smoothed out, the ovny cracks sound, the eyebrows drop.
2. sl_zna. When її fast, a tearful little bear expands.
3. vikova. At the speed of the line, the eyes grow faster.

The three parts are localized around the round chamber, the smell is repaired on the keys close to the medial cut. Oh razdratuvannya vikonutsya for the help of the facial nerve.

It is also in the robotic body of the people to take on the fate of the smooth m'yazi: the unitary and multi-unitary (in part, the m'yaziv of the rainbow shell). Viykovy is located near the eye, when you transfer pictures from distant objects to the link. Yogo speedy podvischuє the opacity of the crystal, which allows you to clearly look at objects that are close to the eyes.

ANATOMIYA І PHYZIOLOGIYA TO THE ORGAN ZORU

From the organs of power, you are sensitive to the eyes of people, and you will be recognized as the most beautiful gift and the most wonderful creator of the creative power of nature. Singers challenged yogi, oratorios waggled, philosophers glorified yogo yak mirilo, as ordering those who had good organic strength, and the physicists were magical to follow them as non-magnetized optical attachments. G. Helmholtz

Chi not with an eye, but for the help of your eyes, marvel at the light in your mind Avicenna

The first croc in pink glaucoma is the reason for knowing the well-being of the eyes and their functions (Fig. 1).

The eye (very apple, Bulbus oculi) may have a regular rounded shape, the size of its front-rear axis is approximately 24 mm, it is close to 7 g and anatomically folds from three shells (first - fibrous, middle - inner - forehead, middle-class (internal line, crystal and spiteful).

The name of the large fibrous shell is stored from the rear, from the back - the sclera, like the vison to the cyst, the initial and will preserve the form of its function. Front, mensha її part - rogіvka - openings, menschіlnа, not a man, in nіy rіzgіlzhutsya majestic number of nerves. Diameter її - 10-11 mm. Being a strong optical lens, it skips and breaks up the promenades, as well as important functions. Behind the rostrum is the front camera, filled with a glimpse of the inner ridinoy.

Before the sclera in the middle of the eyes, the middle cattle is a sudinniy, or uveal tract, which can be stored in three viddiliv.

The first, the foremost, visible through the horn, is the ridge - ma otvir - zinitsya. Raiduzhka є yak bi-bottom front chamber. Behind the help of the two muzzles of the ryaduzhnoy shell, the window sounded and expanded, automatically adjusting the value of the light flow, which entered the eye, and was left illumined. The color of the ryaduzhnoy shell lies in the form of a growing one in the new development: with a small number of eyes of light (siri, blakytny, green), as well as a lot - dark (kary). There is a great number of radially and circularly rocked ridge bows, enlivening with a low-quality fabric, making a kind of small children, a relief of the surface.

The other, middle view, is a ciliary tilo - a large circle with a width of up to 6-7 mm, which adheres to the ridge and is inaccessible to the visual guard. In the ciliary type, there are two parts: the anterior process, in which there is a ciliary jar, with a fast release, thin threads of the zinc ring are relaxed, which will be fixed in the assessment of the crystal, which will prevent it from happening. Closely 70 sprouts of the cylindrical body, so that the capillary loops and the two balls of the epithelial cells are covered with two balls, to produce the inner bed. The posterior, flat part of the cylindrical body є nibi transitional zone between the cylindrical body and the vasnojudine sheath.

The third viddil is a vigorous sheath, or a good idea - it borrows the back half of the full-time apple, folds from a great number of judges, grows between the sclera and the sack, the function of the foreseeable

The inner shell of the eye - the sieve - is a thin (0.1-0.3 mm), aperture of the eye: the optical (zorova) part is curved well from the flat part of the cylindrical body to the point of the path of the green nerve from the eye til і iris, gently blowing along the edge of the window. The zorova part of the net is neatly organized by a net with three balls of neurons. The function of the stem of the specific zor receptor is tightly tied to the vertebral sheath (chori-oidea). For a zorovy act, a necessary drop in a zorovy speech (purple) before the flow of light. In healthy eyes, green purple is renewed negativity. The whole folding photochemistry process of renewal of healthy speeches of amalgamation in conjunction with modifying pictures with chori-ideas. The sieve is composed of nerve cells, which contain three neurons.

In the first neuron, turning up to the choroid, there are light-sensitive cells, photoreceptors - sticks and cones, in which light is injected, photochemical processes are introduced, which are transformed into a nervous pulse. It is possible to pass another, third neuron, a healthy nerve, and on healthy roads, take it in the center of the road and into the cortex of the highland part of the great brain, wicketly see it.

The sticks in the pattern are very important along the periphery and appear for light perception, midpoint and peripheral vision. The cones are localized in the central viddils of the sieve, in the minds of sufficient illumination, they form the color perception and the central light. I will be able to find the city of zoru, I will provide the region with the same beaches and the central hole of the sieve.

The healthy nerve is formed by nerve fibers - large outgrowths of ganglion cells of the sieve (3rd neuron), which, when they go into the surrounding bundles, go through other openings into the back part of the sclera (grate plate). Misce the exit of the nerve from the eye is called the disk of the healthy nerve (optic nerve disc).

At the center of the disc of the healthy nerve, there is a small amount of lagging - ekskavatsiya, I do not change 0.2-0.3 diameter of the disc (E / D). At the center of the exhibition there will be the central artery and Vienna of the city. In the norm, the disc of the healthy nerve has a clear border, the black-and-nose barbed, is rounded or slightly oval in shape.

Krishtalik - a friend (writing) of the luscious centers of the optical system and eyes, to grow up behind the rainbow shell and lie in the pit of the venerable body.

Saving less borrowing a larger rear part of the empty eye and storing it from penetrating fibers and gel-like speech. I will take care of the form and the volume of my eyes.

The optical system of the eye is stored from the horns, the front camera, the crystal and the bedside. The interchange of light passes through the eyes of the middle of the eye, breaks on the surfaces of the main lines - horns and crystals, focusing on the sights, "painting" on new images of objects of the newest light (Fig. 2). A healthy act is to be repaired by the transformation of the image by photoreceptors in the nerves of the impulses, as the processing of the neurons of the cells is transmitted along the healthy nerves at the vision of the healthy analyzer. In such a rank, zir can be meaningful as a sub'active reception of the objective light behind the auxiliary light behind the auxiliary zorovaya system.

See the onset of the main functions: the central view (characterized by the state of the art) - the building of the object's details, look at the tables with special signs;

peripheral zir (characterized by a field zoru) - the building of the eye sprymati obsyag space with an uncomfortable position of the eye. Get behind the additional perimeter, campimeter, field analyzer zoru i n;

color light - the value of the eye to color and color development. Follow up for additional color tables, tests and anomaloscope;

light sensation (dark adaptation) - the appearance of the eye to the minimum (threshold) amount of light. Doslidzhutsya adaptometry.

The function of the organ is more likely to be provided with an additional device. Wine includes the fabrics of the orbit (ochnytsi), the wines and the slips of the organization, which will display the function. Rukh of the skin ophthalmic zd_ysnyuyut sh_stma zovn_shny okorukhovy m'yazy.

A healthy analyzer is stored in an apple, which is schematically shown in Fig. 1, good health and measles to the brain.

Fig. 1. Budovi oka scheme

2-vessel shell,

3-link,

4-horn,

5-ridge,

6-vіykovogo m'yaz,

7-krishtalik,

8-nasty tilo,

9-disc of the healthy nerve,

10-green nerve,

11th beach.

Around the eyes, three bets of okorukh mu'yaziv were roasted. One pair of eyes is turned left and right, the eye is turned up and down, and the third is wrapped around the optical axis. Themselves okorukhovi m'yazi are controlled by signals, as they come from the brain. Tsі three bets m'yazіv serve as visonavchie organs, so that they automatically seize the stiffness, for which one can easily supervise any ruhomiy near and far away (Fig. 2).

Fig. 2. m'yazi eyes

1-call is straight;

2-internal straight;

3-top straight;

4-m'yaz, scho pіdnіmaє upper band;

5-lower oblique m'yaz;

6-lower straight m'yaz.

Oko, very yabluko may have a shape of approximately 2.5 cm in diameter. Wines are stored from decilkoh shells, of which three are the main ones:

sclera - zvnіshnya obolonka,

Sudinna saber - middle,

link - internal.

sclera ma biliy kolir from the milk vivid, the front part of the part, like a glimpse and is called rogivka. Through the horn, the light comes into the eye. Sudin's sheath, middle ball, to avenge the blood-bearing judges, to find shelter for the eyes. Straight ahead of the horny shell of the vessel, cross over to the ridge of the shell, the yak and the beginning of the color of the eyes. There is a zinitsa near the center. The function of the casing is to interconnect the proper light in the eye in case of a high quality. It is not possible to reach the sound of the winter with high illumination and expansion - with low. Behind the ridge of rasprostavaniya kryshtalik, similar to a double-convex, which will catch the light, if you pass through the window and focus on the site. Around the kryshtalik, the vessel's shell is set in a viykovy tilo, in which the ointment is laid, which will regulate the curvature of the kryshtalik, so that it will make it clearer and more accurate for the backing of objects at different distances. Reach the price in such a way (Fig. 3).

Fig. 3. Schematic representation of the mechanism of accommodation

evil-focusing in the distance;

right-handed focus on close objects.

Krishtalik in otsi "advances" on thin radial threads, like hunt him with a circular belt. The original threads are attached to the eyelash. Number of relaxations (in case of focus I will see Fig. 5.

Changing changes with different types of clinical refraction of the eye

a-metropes (norm);

b-myopia (shortness);

c-hypermetropia (distance);

d-astigmatism.

on a given object), then the ring, set by її tіlom, has a great diameter, the threads, which trim the crystal, are pulled, і th curvature, and also the bending force, is minimal. If the eyelash muff starts to swell (when looking at a close-up roztashovany object), the ring starts to sound, the threads relax, and the crystal grows more bloated and, moreover, is more strongly bent. Tse the power of a krishtalik is changing his power by breaking his power, and at the same time, the focal point of all eyes, is called an akomodatsiyu.

The exchange of light is focused by the optical system of the eye on a special receptor (spryman) apparatus - the cystic membrane. The eye pattern is the anterior edge of the brain, which is foldable for its structure and for the functions of the brain. In the family of spine, they develop 10 balls of nerve elements, which are knitted not only structurally and morphologically, but functionally. The head ball of the sieve is a thin ball of light-sensitive cells - photoreceptors. There are two kinds of stench: they respond to weak ones (sticks) and they respond to strong ones (cones). The stick is close to 130 million, and the stench rots all over the city, just outside the center. Objects appear on the periphery of the field to the horizon, including at low illumination. The flasks are close to 7 million. The stench of roztashovani head rank in the central zone of the sieve, in the so-called "zhovtyi plyami". Sitkіvka here is as thin as possible, all sorts of balls, except for a ball of flasks. "We tell people" to play the most beautiful lyudin: all the information, which is consumed on the whole area of ​​the link, will be transmitted most of the time and without any problems. In the whole region it is possible to have a deprivation of color, color zir, for the help of which one can take a color of the light that will feel good for us.

From the dermal light-sensitive cells enter the nerve fiber, which is the one receptor in the central nervous system. When the flask is dermal, it will have its own fiber, and the same fiber will "serve" the whole group of sticks.

Due to the flow of light changes in the photoreceptors, a photochemical reaction takes place (a drop in healthy pigments), as a result of which energy (electrical potential) is seen, but not healthy information. Tsia energy at viglyadi nervous excitement transmitted to the іnshі shari sіtkіvki - to klіtini-Bіpolari, and then to the ganglionic klіtini. At the same time, the staff of the foldable data of the cich clitin, see the vivid "pereshkod" in the image, accept the weak contrasts, it is more pleasant to see the ruffled objects. Nerve fibers from the strong shedding get into the healthy nerve in a special area of ​​the shedding - "slipіy plyamі". Vono roztashovany in that mіsci, a healthy nerve to go out from the eye, and everything that has been consumed in the whole region, has come across the field to the sight of people. The healthy nerves of the right and left sides are crossed, moreover, in humans and other maws, half of the fibers of the cutaneous zorovy nerve are crossed. In the endoscopic rakhunka, all the information in the coded view is transmitted from the viewer pulses along the fibers of the healthy nerve to the brain, from the viewpoint to the center - the cortex, de and to see the formation of a healthy image (Fig. 4).

It’s clear about us, since all the evidence of the sound analyzer is “good” and without re-code. In order for the image to be bulky, the sieve is obviously guilty of being in the back focus of the optical system of the eye. The breakdown of the breaking of light changes in the optical system of the eye, before the image is defocused on the screen, is called anomalies of refraction (ametropia). Before them are short-range (myopia), far-vision (hypermetropia), distant vision (presbyopia) and astigmatism (Fig. 5).

Fig. 4. Scheme of a budgetary analyzer

1-link,

2-noncrossed fibers of the zorian nerve,

3-crossed fibers of the zorotic nerve,

4-green tract,

5-call kolinchaty tilo,

6-radiatio optici,

7-lobus opticus,

Fig. 5. Changing changes with different types of clinical refraction of the eye

a-metropes (norm);

b-myopia (shortness);

c-hypermetropia (distance);

d-astigmatism.

Short-lived (myopia) - a small decline in the growth of the disease, if during the period of intensive health problems (new in schools, institutes) in case of weakness of the circulatory system of blood loss, loss of The eye replaces the swelling shape of the ellipsoid. After such an upgrade of the later axis of the image of objects, focus not on the sights themselves, but in front of it, and people should not be close to their eyes, using the eyepieces with the eye-catching ("cryptic") lenses for the eyes. The short-sightedness is unacceptable not for those who are wearing the eyepieces, but for those that, when the disease progresses, the dystrophies in the envelopes of the eyes are detected, so that it can be brought to a non-corrosive, uncorrected by the glasses, at a loss. To prevent this, it is necessary to know the doctor-ophthalmologist with ease and by the will of the patient in the food supply of rational growth of health care, periodic self-control over the mill of his zeal.

Distance. On the basis of a short age, not a podbane, but a vrodzhene camp - the peculiarity of a budovy apple: a short eye, or a weak eye. Change at a certain camp to get to the sieve. In order to be able to take a good eye, it will be necessary to put in front of it - "plus" eyepieces. The whole camp can be "hovated" and will appear in 20-30 years and more and more; all to lay down from the reserves in the eyes and the stage of distant growth.

The correct mode of healthy practice and systematic training of the lens allows meaningful visibility of the term to show distant heights and corystuvannya eyepieces. Presbyopia (vikova distance). In addition, the power of akomodatsii step by step falls, for the change in elasticity of the crystal and the vyykovy meaz. Nastaє stan, if myz is not yet available up to the maximum speed, and the kryshtalik, having lost elasticity, cannot take the maximum shape - as a result, people are able to take away other things, close the book on objects, very much m'yaziv). For korektsії tsyogo I will be priznachayutsya eyepieces for near with "positive" glasses. With a systematic eye-catching regime, active eye training, it is possible to signify an hour of curing with eyepieces for a closer look at a lot of rock.

Astigmatism is a special type of optical bud. The manifestation of the tse is inherently abo, zdebilshy dowry character. Amplification astigmatism is most often the irregularity of the curvature of the horn; In case of astigmatism, the front surface is not the surface of the body, de all radii, but the outer surface of the elipsoid, de dermal radius has its own dedication. To that, the skin meridian is less likely to buckle, so that it can be seen from the side of the recumbent meridian. Signs of ailments can be tied to the lower dawn yak in the distance, so close, to the lowering of the healthiness of the child, the swift stomp and sickly visions when working in a nearby city.

Otzhe, mi bachimo, our healthy analyzer, our eyes are a completely foldable and divine gift of nature. It is even more forgiven to say that the eye of a human being, in a kintsev rakhunka, is an attachment for receiving and processing light information and the best technical analogue є a digital video camera. Stand up to your eyes dbaylivo and respectfully, so dbailo, like you put up your dear photo and video technology.

The eye of the people and the hostile biological optical system. In fact, the lynzi, stacked in a sprinkle of sheaths, allow people to navkolishnіy svіt color and amiable.

Here it is clear, as if it were a shell of an eye, at the shell of a shell are laid the eyes of a man and a picture of a function.

The eye is stored in three shells, two chambers, a crystal and an amiable body, as it occupies a larger part of the inner space of the eye. For the sake of the Budova tsyo kulyasty organ is rich in what is similar to the Budova folding camera. I often name the folding structure of the eye.

Columns of an eye do not only tame the internal structures in a given form, but they also take part in the folding process of accommodation and provide the eyes with life-giving words. The whole ball was taken into three shells of the eye:

1. Fibrozna or the appearance of the shell of the eye. A 5/6 yak is stored from non-transparent clitins - scleri and 1/6 - from open-ended - horns.
2. Sudinna shell. It is subdivided into three parts: a ridge, a wicker body, and a vessel shell.
3. Сітківка. There are 11 balls, one of which will be cones and sticks. With the help of people, you can develop objects.

Now you can see them in more detail.

The name of the fibrous shell of the eye

Tse zovnіshnіy ball kіtin, which curls a very apple. Win a support and a one-hour ball for internal warehouses. The front part of the whole ringing ball is the horn of the hole and is strongly deflected. The price is not just a shell, ale and a line, the light is visible. The message is carried to the quiet parts of the eyes of the people, as it can be seen and made up of the clever special views of the clinic. The back part of the fibrous sheath - the sclera is stored in naphtha cells, up to which are attached to 6 muffs, so that the eyes grow (4 straight and 2 oblique). Vona opaque, shilna, behind the color of the bila (nagaduє blocks of boiled egg). Through all the other nazivannya Bilkovo shell. At the border between the horn and sclera there is a venous sinus. Wine will be safe from venous blood from the eye. In horny blood-bearing vessels, there is no axis, and the axis is in the sclera on the back part (where the healthy nerve goes) є so is the plate. Through її open the blood-bearing judges to pass, as to give life to the eyes.

The fibrous ball is built up from 1.1 mm along the edges of the horn (0.8 mm in the center) to 0.4 mm of the sclera in the area of ​​the healthy nerve. On the cordon with the horn, the sclera can be up to 0.6 mm.

Post-mortem defect of the fibrous membrane of the eye

In the middle of ailments and injuries of the fibrous ball, the most often occurring:

• Poshkodzhennya rogіvki (conjunctivi), tse can be a podryapina, opіk, bloody.
• Hit on the ticket outside body(Vіya, pіshchinka, big objects).
• Ignition processes - conjunctivitis. It is not easy to get sick of an infectious nature.
• The stafiloma is widened in the middle of the sclera. At the same time, the health of the sclera will decrease until it is stretched out.
• Most often, episcleritis is a malignancy, swelling of the vicious to the fumes of the superficial spheres.

Ignition processes in the sclera are susceptible to be of a secondary nature and vicious destructive processes in their structures are very clear.

Diagnostics of the ophthalmologist's diagnosis should not become difficult, as the steps of the problem should be started visually by an ophthalmologist. In a number of vipads (conjunctivitis), additional analysis is required for detecting infections.

Middle, sudinna shell of the eye

In the middle between the ring and the inner ball, the middle of the vessel's shell of the eye is routed. It is stored from the ridge shell, the ciliary body and the choroid. The purpose of this ball is to start yak food and drink and accommodation.

1. Raiduzhka. The rainbow shell of the eye is free of the diaphragm of the people, it’s not just take the part in the picture, but it’s okay to see it. With a bright light, the ridge sounded open, and even a small point of space. Chim less svitla, tim and vzhe rayduzhka.

   The color of the ryaduzhnoy shell lies in the number of cells of melanocytes and is genetically determined.

2. Ciliary abo ciliary body. Vono roztashovane behind the ryadzhkoy and pіdtrimu kryshtalik. Youmu krishtalik managers can quickly stretch out and react to light, break up the exchange. The eyelash takes care of the fate of the viral watery vology for the internal chambers of the eye. For one more reason, there will be regulation of the temperature regime in the middle of the eye.
3. Choirioideya. I am part of the community of the shell of the loan. Vlasne tse itself is a vessel of a shell, as it is built up from a great number of blood-bearing vessels and a viconious function of harvesting the internal structures of the eye. It’s also a good idea that there are more great judges, and all the others are more common on the very cordon capillaries. Another one function will be amortization of internal unstable structures.

Sudden shell of the eye is protected by a great number of pigment clays, there is a transition of light in the middle of the eyes and it is by itself that the development of light is used.

The size of the court ball in the warehouse is 0.2-0.4 mm in the area of ​​the ciliary body and in all cases 0.1 - 0.14 mm for the healthy nerve.

Poor defect in the sheath of the eye

Naybilsh is often found to be sick of the sheath of the vessel - tse uveit (burning of the sheath of the vessel). It’s not often a good idea to live like a child with a child’s ears (chorioreditinitom).

The next step is to get sick like this:

• dystrophies of goodies;
• vidsharuvannya of the sheath of the sheath, tse zhvoryuvannya vinikє with drops in the internal vice, for example, during ophthalmologic operations;
• Rise as a result of injuries and blows, bleeding;
• chubby;
• nevusi;
• colobomi - the appearance of the core of the shell on the singing dilyantsi (tse defect).

Diagnosis of illness is carried out by an ophthalmologist. The diagnosis is made in the result of a complex situation.

The common shell of the human eye is a folding structure of 11 balls of nerve cells. I won’t burst out the front camera, I’m roasted behind the kryshtalik (snake little ones). The very top ball will store light-sensitive cells of cones and sticks. Schematically, rostashuvannya balls viglyadaє approximately so, yak on a baby.

All the balls are a folding system. Here you will be able to see the photos of the light and the project on the page of the picture and the crystal. Behind the help of the nerve cells, the stench of the stench is transformed into the nerve impulses. And because of the nerves signals are transmitted to the brain of the people. It’s a folding і very fast process.

Even more important is the role of vidigr in the whole process of maculi, another name is zhovta plyama. Here, the revision of the healthy images, and the revision of the original tributes will be seen. The macula is shown for the central zir at daylight.

Tse is not uniform shell. So, the distance of the disc of the healthy nerve is 0.5 mm, only 0.07 mm in the dimples of the green nerve, and up to 0.25 mm in the central pit.

Incorrect and internal defects of the eye

In the middle of the pockets of the eyes of the people, on the by-by-row level, the most often set up the description of the lines on the mountain licks, without the help of the logs. Often there will be the following:

• retinit - the price of a burnt shell, like a vinikє as an infectious (gnіynі infection, syphilis) or an allergic character;
• the appearance of the scent that arises when hanging;
• macular degeneration of the vikov, for which the center is treated - maculi. tse nibilsh common reason to waste time in children over 50 years old;
• - the price of getting sick is the most frequent of young people, who are tied with a thin ball of sieve, at the earliest stage of their diagnosis is difficult;
• having bloodshed in the bloodstream is also the result of the aging of the body in people of the kidnapped age;
• ... Growing up in 10 - 12 years after getting sick for diabetі enemy nerves sits.
• Possibly and chubby approval on the web of the shell.

Diagnostics of the malady of the problem is not only of special equipment, but of carrying out additional problems.

Likuvannya ailment of the common ball of the eyes of the lithuanian people, make your predictions very safe. With a lot of sickness wickedness, there may be a more agreeable forecast, now that it is connected with the processes of old organism.

Now you need a slimy shell of an eye?

The apple is in full orbit and hopefully locked. A large part of it is captured, the interchange of lights passes only 1/5 of the surface - a horn. Above, there is a dilenka of a full-time apple with a wall, as they appear, make a crack, a light passes through the yak. Worshipers of the possession of the saw call-in injection rogivka. Vії і wіki - the price of the shell of the eye.

The slimy sheath of the eye of a human is the conjunctiva. People in the middle of a ball of epithelial cells, which make a horny ball. The whole sphere of the lower diet is called the conjunctiva. Clitini conjunctiva and revenge also sl_zni zalozi... It’s not only possible to swallow them with words, but they don’t just let go and get rid of it, but you can also take revenge on bactericidal and lively phrases for phishing.

The conjunctiva has blood-bearing vessels, yaki to get along with the vessels of an individual, і maє lymphatic universities, Service outposts for infection.

The staff of all the shell of the eyes of the people of the hopes of abductions, I will take away the need for food. Besides the shell of the eye, take a part in the adaptation and re-implementation of the information.

Winning a grievance or wishing to get rid of the shells of the eye can get victorious at the expense of hospitality.

The human eye is the most valuable organ of the senses. The very large part of the information about the new lights will be recognized. Wines are stored from the healthy nerve and intramural apple, as well as such auxiliary organs, such as poppies, especially muses, and a loose device. They have their own special features. Zokrema, Budov's apple is superbly foldable, and I would like to know that it is the very basis of optical attachments of different attributes.

The main organization of the people

Persh nіzh vivchiti budovu intramural apple, varto rozіbratisya, which itself is a system zoru vzagalі. So the axis, there, is recognized by one of the most beautiful creations of nature, which cannot be seen by any optical attachment. The head warehousing system is a very apple, a yake is a guy who’s set up, I’m having a wrong shape, a yake roztashovane in the depressions of a human skull. It sticks to the fibrous pichvoyu, the so-called tenon capsule, behind which the fat cells grow, and from it there is a capillary ball.

In addition, with a part of the eye, the conjunctiva is a complete shell, which is a glimpse of the ply, yaka curling the front part of the intramural apple. Vona Volodya is a great neurotic apparatus and chuyly reacts to any teasing.

Zovnishnya budov full-time apple

Lyudin can only poke a small part of the warehouse, because the structure of an intramural apple is inaccessible to the eye. Zokrema, without special attachments, can only be rocked.

The most common apple among small people may be of the same size and shape, and its shape is practically spherical, with a diameter of close to 24 mm.

Distance and shortness

Foldable budovu intramural apple of the people is tied with him, which is brought to the grate role of a free optical attachment. So, in a new way there are 2 poles: rear and front. The first of them to grow out of the way of the call from the mice, the sound of the healthy nerve, in the very center of the posterior segment of the intramural apple, and the anterior pole is located in the most opaque central zone of the anterior surface of the horn.

The line, which is at the bottom of the pole, is taken by the name of the last apple, and the distance between the back and front poles is the largest size. In addition, in the intramural apple they open the inner space, as there are 2 points on the network:

• leading the rear pole to the inner surface of the horn;
• zbіgaєtsya s the anterior pole of the eye.

As soon as the inside is big, then there is a change of light, it is broken in a full-time apple, it is focused before a sieve, and people tend to be short-eyed. And the axis in the same direction, if the internal hanging is altogether short, then the focus of the light changes will look behind the sieve, and it seems that the patient is far-sighted.

Optical characteristics

The power of the eyes will break down in the camp of calm accommodation to become in the middle 59, 92 dioptries. However, there may and may not be seen, fallow from the radius of curvature of the front and rear surfaces of the horn and crystal and from the distance one to one. For the refraction of the optical system of people, there is a great value of the power of the eyes, so that it appears between the horn and the new beach, that it becomes in the middle 2.53 cm. sіtkіvtsі, characterizing the optical installation of ochі.

internal budov

More foldable є very apple from the middle, de core to taste 3 shells:

1. Zovnishnya

The tsia obolonka is a generous fibrous "case", so that the vicon will fix the function, to which the call of the apple is attached, and so it can reach the folded Budova. It is stored in the so-called sclera - the rear opaque part, which has little color, and the front projection.

2. Middle

The middle shell (the diagram of the bud's apple is shown below) will prevent the eye from becoming alive. In addition, with the help of the knowledge of the exchange of products. In the same place, the presence of the blood-bearing judges of the intramural apple and the clergy of good ideas, which absorb the light scattering, as they pass through the penetrating exchange of light through the sclera. The stench of a bagaty pigment, a number of different forms of the "color of the eyes" of a people. The middle shell is stored in 3 parts: ridge, vessel shell and wicker body. At the center of the ridge of the rasprostavleniyu zinitsyu - especially round openings, in addition to a change of light, you can see the power to penetrate the middle of the apple and reach the scent.

3. Internal

The most important receptor part of the eye, de as a result of folding biochemical re-creation of special pigments and the appearance of light.

Nayvazhliv_shі functions of the intramural apple

The shells of the eye and the lost were taken into 3 units:

• Refractive and refractive

The Daniy device is a folding system of lenses, which is shaped on the basis of the change and inverted the image of the new light. It should be stored from a stitch with a diameter of close to 1.2 cm and from an average radius of curvature of 0.8 cm, the line of the chambers of the eye, the crystal, as well as the side-by-side frame, behind which the sieve was removed, like a sprinkle light.

• receptor

cei apparatus human eye is a zorovu part of the picture. Take revenge on the body and axon of neurons, which are rosted on top of it and on the side of the cell, the healthy nerve, as well as the photoreceptor cells.

• akomodatsіynі

The name of the device is similar to the Latin word, which means pristosuvannya. There are some indications for focusing the image on the site. Krim that yogo important functionє attachment of the eye to changes in the intensity of illumination. Before the warehouse of the accommodating apparatus, there is a railing from the winter and a vyykovy tilo with a special belt of the crystal. Look, if you are looking at a real apple, then turn to those who focus on the image to take care of the additional serpent of the curvature of the Krishtalik, the regulated cylindrical muzzle. When the light grows stronger, and the health system is adjusted to the base of closely spaced objects. When the ciliary meat is relaxed, the opacity of the crystal will change, and the eyes accommodate in order to develop objects that are on the great cities of the people.

zinitsya

Vivchayuchi main functions of the intramural apple, then come to especially respect one of the head warehouses. See about the winter, which is a small opening in the district, the size of which can change in the fallowness from a few light, which falls on the sieve. The dawn, with a bright illumination of the rings, the muffs will speed up, and the radials, navpaki, become relaxed. As a result of the winter, there is a sound, and a bit of light, like eating on a scent, change, so that it is a good idea.

budova sitkivki

Yak vzhe bulo said, budova full-time yabluka bagatosharova. The same є і sіtkіvka. In total, there are 10 balls, the skin has a role to play. The very nature of the animals from them to the vertebral column, є light-receptive and stored in the neuroepithelial cells, the function of which is to recover light and vitamins. The stench is called sticks and cones, and in them they run through special photochemical processes, so that they can make the eyes look colder. Nichutliv_shoyu area of ​​the central zoru є so is called the zhovta of the beach with a hole, which is to take revenge only on the cones. Moreover, only svitlov's information is transferred to the brain of people most of the time, as they eat it on the zhovta beach. In addition, on the sitskivtsi є zone, every day and sticks, and cones. Vona is called a blind flame, and the healthy nerve itself passes into the brain.

m'yazi

The eyes of people are more part of their life to be found in post-modern Russia. If you sleep, if a person is asleep, you can make it easier for him to come to grips with the closed tables. All tsі rukhs vіdbuvayutsya, if the ooze of a full-time apple is speeding up. All 6, and 5 of them can be repaired in the blood from the fibrous ring of Zinna, which will drain the healthy nerve.

Yak is mortgaged to the organizer by the new people

Formation and development of an intramural apple to repair from the appearance of two vipinan stems of the anterior germinal cerebral michur. On the other hand, the position of the eyes changes, or until the 6th time, for the stench to grow out of the sides of the head end of the fetus. On the 5th type of development, the intramural michur is transformed into a bowl with 2 stinks, and the inner shell of an intramural apple is formed from it. In 14-28 days, the formation of the fibrous and the judiciary shell of the apple, the chambers of the eye and the obstetric body is seen, and the additional apparatus is also developed. In such a rank, deyaki ailments, which can be carried over to a term of up to 10 times, can lead to the development of vadgenous organisms, right up to a new slice of a newly born one.

ailing

Unfortunately, as a result of a whole series of other factors, you may not be able to cope with the functions assigned to them. Zokrema, until the end of the day, or until the thunderous burial, can lead to the burning of the full-time apple. The reasons for this can be the following:

• conjunctivitis

The pathology is given to manifest itself as a sverblyachkoy, lacrimation and to the ear of an intramural apple. isnu allergic form conjunctivitis, as it is not transmitted from people to people, and to pass without treatment, as a result of contact with allergens. It is not safe to become bacterial conjunctivitis, as it is characterized by a peaceful fear of fear, increased lacrimation, a great deal of growth and diminishing health functions.

• keratitis

Win is a flash of the horn of the eye, bacterial infections and also mechanical activities... Most of these symptoms, such as lacrimation, fear of fear, handicapped eyes, the appearance of a third party, such as in conjunctivitis. In addition, keratitis can lead to the death of the state of mind and supervise with gnarly visions, which can be great.

• uveit

As it is already said, the budov's apple is easy to reach, and in new it is important the role of being introduced to the court. It is obvious to this that it is impossible not to visit the camp of the zoru people. What is called uveitis and may develop as a result? negative infusion Viruses abo bacterial eyes.

This is the name of the inflamed raiduzhnoy shell. May the onset of symptoms: lacrimation, strong pain, Decrease of the light and the earning of the eye.

• sclerit

Tse duzhe vazhke zahvoryuvannya, like zdatne zorzhuvat zoru, especially, as people have a decrease in immunity. In neglected vipadkah, sclerites can lead to a ruinous apple.

Yake meaning maє ochne yabluko

As it is already said, it is the most appropriate analytical analyzer. To that, the meaning of a full-time apple is important to re-evaluate, and it is necessary to capture all the negative factors and mechanical processes. In addition, it is necessary to follow the rules of hygiene, so as not to allow this information and burning.

Now you see, like the budov's apple of the people, and how important is the role of the Danish body in our life.