Macrolidi dozi. Makrolidi - modern preparations for older adults and children

Zbilshennya dosuvannya additional help to reach bactericidal activity.

Macrolls are admitted to the class of polyketids. Polyketidies - all polycarbonyls, which represent industrial products from the exchange of recovins in the clitins of tvarin, roslin and mushrooms.

When macrolides are taken, there is no evidence of a vibrational deterioration in the functions of blood cells, nephrotoxic reactions, secondary dystrophic deterioration of loam, photosensitivity to ultraviolet disease, when Anaphilaxis and antibiotic-associative diagnoses are developed among a small person with ailments.

Antibiotics of the macrolide series occupy the leading positions of the most safe antimicrobial drugs for the body.

The main direct link to this group of antibiotics is the goal of treating nosocomial infections of the respiratory tract, vicious gram-positive flora and atypical diseases. A small іstrіcheskaya argument will help us to systematize information and value, such as antibiotics to refer to macrolids.

Macrolls are classified according to the method of rejection and according to the chemical structural basis.

The first type of vaping falls on synthetic, natural and prolikiv (efiry erithromycin, salts of oleandomycin, etc.). The proliferation of vodka vodovanie Budov in the occasional zakarskiy way, but in the body due to the infusion of enzymes, the stench is transformed into the whole of the active liquor, although it is not characteristic of the pharmacological process.

The proliferation of tastes of quality, high indicators of bioavailability. The stench stinks until the acidity drops.

Classification of macrolids for 3 groups:

* Pr.- Nature.
* Gender - Synthetic.

In addition, it means that azithromicine is azalidiv, so how can you betray an atom to nitrogen.

Features of the structure of the skin macr. inject into activity indicators, likarska vzaєmodiya with other drugs, for pharmacokinetic elasticity, tolerance, etc. Mechanisms injected into the microbiocenosis in pharmacological representations of the identity.

The main representatives of the okremo group are displayed.

Er. drives the growth of chlamydiy, legionella, staphylococcus, mycoplasma and legionel, sygnosis sticks, klebsiєli.
Bioavailability can reach sixty hundred thousand, you can deposit all the way back. be absorbed into herbal tract chastkovo.

A number of side effects are undeniable: dyslepsy, dyspepsia, sounding of one of the symptoms of a slunk (diagnosed in newborns), allergy, "stupor syndrome."

Prescribe in case of diphtheria, viral infections, infectious diseases of the skin diseases, chlamydiasis, Pittsburgh pneumonia too
Likuvannya with erithromycin for an hour of vaginosity during the period of lactation is included.

It is responsible for the growth of microorganisms, which vibrate the enzyme, which breaks down with beta-lactams, which can be used as a protivopalny. R. is resistant to acids and lugs. The bactericidal action is reached for the rakhunok to increase the dosage. The period for which we are going to become close to ten years. Accessibility of the road to fifty hundred kilometers.

Roxithromicine is well tolerated and transferred to the body in a safe vigilade.

Prescribe for inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchi, larynx, nasal sinuses, middle air, infantile migdalin, Zhovchny mikhura, sesovipusalny canal, vaginal segment of the cervix, infections of the uterine curvatures, musculoskeletal apparatus, brucellosis, etc.
Viability, period of lactation and up to two months are contraindicated.

Driving growth of aerobes and anaerobes. Stimulation of low activity in relation to the rate up to Koch's stick. Clarithromycin surpasses erithromycin for microbiological indicators. The drug is acid resistant. The puddle of the middle is injected into the anti-microbial activity.

Clarithromycin is the most active macrolide in terms of being used up to Helicobacter pyloria, information on the area of the slunk, and 12 - of the intestine. The period of time will be close to five years. Bioavailability of the drug does not lie in the form of a drug.

K. to prescribe for infections of wounds, infectious diseases of ENT organs, diseases of the ear, furunculosis, mycoplasmosis, mycobacteriosis on the aphid virus, immunodeficiency.
Acceptance of clarithromycin at early terms of vaginosity of intakes. A child's wrist before pivrok is also contraindicated.

Ol. driving the synthesis of proteins in pathogen cells. Bacteriostaticity will adapt to the puddle center.
On the current day, oleandomycin intake drops alone, since it’s old.
Ol. it is recognized in case of brucellosis, abscess pneumonia, bronchiectatic ailments, tripe, inflamed cerebral membranes, inner membranes of the heart, infections of the upper dikhalnyh nobles, gnarly pleurisy, Furunculosis, pathogenic microorganisms entering the bloodstream.

Antibiotic demonstrates high indicators of activity in terms of maturation to Helicobacter pylori, hemophilic sticks, gonococci. Azithromicin three hundred times the acid resistance of erithromicin. Indicators of ownership are up to forty vids. Yak all antibiotics are eritromicine series, azithromicine is well tolerated. A trivial period of time (more than 2 dib) allows you to sign a leak once for a dob. The maximum rate of lykuvannya does not change five days.

Effective in the treatment of streptococcus, elimination of partial pneumonia, infectious lesions of the pelvic organs, sectional system, Klishovy boreliasis, venereal disease. During the period, the child's honor is designated for life shows.
Accept azithromycin VIL - those who are diagnosed with ailments allow the development of mycobacteriosis.

Natural antibiotic, removal of the fungus Streptomyces narbonensis. Bactericidal action can be reached at high concentrations in the presence of infectious diseases. J - n zagalmovuє synthesis of bіlka і induces growth of pathogens.

It is not easy for Josamycin to reduce therapy arterial vise... The drug is actively used in otorhinolaryngology (angina, pharyngitis, otitis media), pulmonology (bronchitis, ornitosis, pneumonia), dermatology (furunculosis, beshikhove zapalennya, Acne), urology (urethritis, prostatitis).

Allowed until victorian in the period of lactation; Suspension form is shown for new people and children up to the age of 14 rock.

Become high indicators of microbial activity and good pharmacokinetic powers. The bactericidal action is reached for the rakhunok of a significant increase in the dose. Bacteriostatic effect of dressings due to the synthesis of bile.

Pharmacological development is based on the type of lustful microorganism, concentration of lykarskoye, inoculum size, etc. Midekamycin vikoristovuyutsya in case of infectious diseases of the shkiri, pediatric tissue, dichny tract.

Midecamycin is a reserve antibiotic, and it is used in patients with hypersensitivity to beta-lactams. Actively stays in pediatrics.

Period of lactation (penetration into breast milk) and vaginism are contraindicated. Inodi mn recognize, according to the vital indications, at the same time, as cinnamon for the mother, I change the potential rizik for the fetus.

Grow up from one of the largest macrolids in a team that regulates immune system... The bioavailability of the drug is within the reach of forty vids.

The activity of the drug decreases in the sour middle and growth in the lager. Meadow spriy to improve penetrating health: antibiotic krashchiy eat in the middle of the blood pathogens.

It has been scientifically stated that spiramycin is not infused into the embryonic development, so it is permissible to take the child for an hour. Antibiotic is infused into the chest vigodovannya, so in the period of lactation it is important to know an alternative drug.

Macrolide antibiotics for children should not be administered after additional internal infusion.

When dosing with macrolides, the diagnosis of life-threatening drug reactions is included. NLD in children is manifested by painful symptoms in the abdominal area, discomfort in the abdominal area, and bloating. In general, a child's body is good to endure macrolide antibiotics.

Drugs that have been recently approved, practically do not stimulate motor skills shlunkovo-intestinal tract... Dyspeptic manifestations as a result of stagnation of medication, medication of acetate are not susceptible to symptoms.

On the other hand, I owe respect to the merits of the clergytromytsin, who overturned іnshі macrolіdy for the bagatma indicators. Within the framework of a randomized controlled viprobuvannya, it was revealed that an antibiotic was given for an immunomodulator, which stimulates the activity of the organism.

Macrolidi vicoristovy at:

therapy of atypical mycobacterium infections,
hypersensitivity to β-lactam,
disease of bacterial genesis.

The stinks have become popular in pediatrics because of the possibility of an innovative introduction, with a likarsky zasib mine SHKT. Tse staє is necessary in extra vipadkah. Macrolide antibiotics are the most frequent signs of pediatric infections in young children.

Therapy with macrolides in the region is rarely the cause of anatomical and functional changes, however, the diagnosis of side effects is not included.

In the course of scientific advances, in which it took a lot of close 2 yew characteristics, it was revealed that the anaphylactoid reactions were taken when the macrolides were minimal. The type of allergy or allergy response is not recorded. Allergic reactions are manifested in the nettle fever and exanthem. In single cases, there is anaphylactic shock.

Dyspeptic manifestations are detected through a prokinetic effect, a domineering macrolide. The majority of patients, more views in the area of the abdomen, loss of relish visions, bloating. In newborns, pyloric stenosis develops, becoming ill when it becomes difficult to evacuate the sludge into the small intestine.

Fecal morbidity, cardiac arrhythmia, syndrome of an increased QT interval are the main manifestations of cardiotoxicity of this group of antibiotics. Pogirsuyut camp abducted vіk, degraded heart, re-sacrificing dosuvannya, water-electrolytic deterioration.

A trivial course of treatment, a change in dosage is the main reason for the diagnosis of hepatotoxicity. Macrolide is injected into cytochrome, an enzyme that takes the fate of the metabolism of chemical words foreign to the body: erithromycin is driven, josamycin is injected onto the enzyme, which is less robust, and azithromycin is not very robust.

Few people know that macrolide antibiotics are present, but it is a direct threat to the mental health of people. Nervous and mental problems are most often detected when taking clarithromycin.

Video about the group:

Macrolide is a promising class of antibiotics. The smell of wine is more important than that, even to the point of being actively vicarious in medical practice. The uniqueness of macrolide therapy, which has a therapeutic effect, is supplemented by friendly pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic power and ability to penetrate through the cell line of pathogens.

High concentrations of macrolides are responsible for the radiation of such animals, yak Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma, Legionella, Campylobacter. The power of authority is visibly guided by macrolide on aphids of β-lactam.

Erythromicin on the cob to the class of macrolides.

The first knowledge of erithromycin was introduced in 1952. The portfolio of new drugs has been updated by the international American innovation company Eli Lilly & Company. Vcheni viveli erythromycin from the fungal fungus, which is a bag in the ground. Erythromycin has become an excellent alternative for patients, which may cause hypersensitivity to antibiotics in the penicylin series.

Expansion of the sphere of storage, the development of that vprovazhennya in the class of macrolids, modernized for microbiological indicators, dates back to the centuries-old rock.

The Erіtromіtsіnovaya series is developed:

high activity of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus and internal microorganisms;
low indicators of toxicity;
on the day of cross-allergy with beta-lactic antibiotics;
stems of high and stable concentrations in tissues.

Are you running out of food? Otrimate a non-shielded consultation of a doctor right at a time!

Pressing a button to bring up a special side of our site with the form of a ringing sound with a fakhivts to tell you to a profile.

Bezkoshtovna consultation of the doctor

A lot of songs, antibiotics are used only in extreme cases. However, it’s not a good idea, as a list of other types of drugs can be used, and it’s quite safe to use macrolidi. Such antibiotics, in the main, do not rely on the organism of people negatively injected, so “in two seconds” to overcome the infection. A safe profile allows you to prescribe macrolids to patients who undergo a course of outpatient and inpatient treatment, as well as children who are 6 months old (by visual reference).

Little is known about the power, the prowess, and the children of such "not awkward" elusive people. If you would like to learn about such drugs and read additional information, as well as antibiotic macrolide, you should read our article.

In addition, it means at once, that macrolide should be introduced to a group of antibiotic drugs, which, in terms of admission to the human body, are most toxic, and patients are tolerated well.

Such antibiotics, such as macrolide, from the point of view of biochemistry, folding spheres of natural activity, which are stored from atoms in carbon, as in a small number are found in macrocyclic lactone rings.

If we take as the basis for the classification of drugs in the same criterion, which is based on the number of atoms in the carbon, then it is possible to distribute all the appropriate antimicrobials to:

14-membered, before which are used as synthetic drugs - Roxithromycin and Clarithromycin, as well as natural ones - Erythromycin;
15-membered, represented by a semi-synthetic zasob - azithromicine;
16-member, which includes a group natural preparations: Midekamycin, Spiramicin, Josamicin, and also a synthetic midekamicin acetate.

The antibiotic of the macrolide group "Erythromicin" was introduced by one of the first, in 1952. The preparations of the new generation appeared in the first place, in the 70s. This is how the stink was shown in the fight against infections in the reported results, until the end of the group lykarsky zasobiv I actively continued my life, for this year's day I can finish the great list of likars' skills, as it is possible to get stuck for licking and growing up and children.

http://youtu.be/-PB2xZd-qWE

Antimicrobial effect is injected onto the ribosomes and microbial cells, disrupting the synthesis of the protein. Crazy, for such an attack of macrolids infecting weak and “building up”. In addition, antibiotics of a whole group of drugs in the building regulate immunity, give immunomodulatory activity. Likewise, some likars will help you to protect yourself from the fiery power, pouring into the body of grown-ups, so also children, all the same.

Recruit a group of antibacterial agents of the new generation to fit in with atypical microbacteria, gram-positive cocks and any kind of misfortune, as most often they become ill with such illnesses, such as: pneumonia, whooping cough, diphmonitis.

Macrolids are not less popular in the situation, but for the rest of the rocky situation, the reason is that a great number of microbes are summed up to antibiotics (resistance). The team was informed that the drugs of the new generation, which such a group can use, according to the renowned lackluster students, have been able to maintain their activity.

Zokrema, widespread nabuli-macrolide preparations for elimination and in the quality of prophylactic diseases during the onset of ailments:

chronic bronchitis;
gostry sinusitis;
periostitis;
periodontitis;
rheumatism;
endocarditis;
gastroenteritis;
important forms of toxoplasmosis, vugrovaya visipka, mycobacteriosis.

A list of ailments that can be overcome, vicarious antibiotics of the new generation, which I may call them - macrolids, can be added to the infection by a pathway - syphilis, trash and infection, m'yak_ fabricі shkіru - furunculosis, foliculitis, paronychia.

If you want to identify a certain antibiotic, you should immediately recognize the contraindications, which are indicated in the instructions before the drug. On the basis of a large number of antibiotics, the new generation of drugs - macrolides are safe, including for children, and less toxic. That is, the list of unwanted effects in antibiotics of the group is not as great as in similar ones.

In the first place, it is not recommended to use macroloids for vaginal women and matus in the period of lactation. Do not recommend such drugs for children under 6 months of age, since the reaction to the drug has not yet been vaccinated. It is not a matter of vikoristovuvati in the quality of an elusive suit, such preparations for persons who are more sensitive to individual sensitivity.

Antibiotics of the group of macrolides with especial respect have been acknowledged by the drug addicts to the adult patients. It’s worth explaining to me that the majority of representatives of the older generation are ruined in robots, furnaces and hearts.

Victory efects can also be used for victorian macrolids in easy form- weakness and lack of breath, which manifests itself when you receive it. Ale can also winicati:

blues;
nudota;
head b_l pain in the abdomen;
ruined dawn, hearing;
allergic reaction in viglyad visipu, sprinkler (most often in children).

However, there were no problems and unreasonable inheritance in the consumption of drugs in a group of macrolides, it is necessary to carefully follow the recommendations of the doctor, strictly taking into account the dosage and control of the implantation of alcohol. It is also categorically zaboronyaєtsya by nuvati the intake of antibiotics of the new generation with preparations of antacids. It is also important not to miss the priyomi.

Basically, it is necessary to take antibiotics of the new generation 1 year before the reception, or even after 2 years after the release. Drink the tablets with a bottle of water. If you have given you an antibiotic of a group of macrolides, a form of vipusku is a powder for preparing a suspension, so you should follow the instructions for preparing liquids and read the doctor's attributions clearly.

Antibiotics - macrolids are the first choice for the fight against bacterial and other illnesses, who have been diagnosed with children. One of innumerable groups drugs They have deserved to be fakhivtsiv, and it is smart to get stuck in pediatrics. I am overwhelmed by such elusive problems, on the mind of those analogous, є those who stink practically do not suffer allergic reactions in young children. Zokrema, the price of drugs, which may be called "Penicilin" and "Cephalosporin".

At the same time, macrolide is safe for children, the stench is nadayut to finish the effective performance. Infusion of їх in a light form on a child's organism will not give power to drugs of pharmacokinetic power. Some of the most popular features, which represent a group of macrolides, є:

erithromicine;
clarithromicin;
roxithromicine;
Spiramicin i in.

Dozuvannya zasosuvannya of such lіkіv for children to lie down in the form of sickness і masi ditini. To that, be sure to follow the recommendations of the doctor. In general, the forms of such zasoby are discharged even more zruchnі in zasosuvannі. Deyakі from them conceal the form of ointments of zasnіshny zasosuvannya, as well as indications for parenteral zasosuvannya form, which, in its own way, is relevant for children who are overwhelmed in non-emergency situations.

Pidvodyachi pidsumki, you can boldly say that macrolidi, like antibiotics - "bili and pukhnasti". Practically, there are no side effects and non-essential inheritances, and new generation drugs have known their knowledge from bagatokh likars and fahivts. It is effective and good to navigate important forms of ill health, such as antibiotics stagnate in children’s life.

Antibiotics-macrolide antibacterials are widely used in everyday medical practice for treatment Infectious diseases... The whole group of drugs is introduced to the least toxic antibiotics, as they are not so severe as side effects, as are the antibacterial drugs.

Cleanliness until the end of the day, so that the macrolide can create a strong post-antibiotic effect, so that it takes a tricky hour to get the life out of the bacterial microorganisms. In addition, the drugs of the whole group may have non-antibacterial activity, as they turn around in the protisapal and prokinetic way (stimulate the motility of the intestinal tract).

Most often macrolide antibiotics become stagnant when such ailments are detected:

Infections of organs of the disease (whooping cough, diphtheria, sinusitis, tonsillitis, aggravated chronic bronchitis);
іnfektsії shkіri and m'yakykh tissues (furunculosis, foliculitis);
bacterial infections of the empty company (periodontitis, periostitis);
іnfektsії, scho transmitted by statute path (chlamidioz, syphilis);
gastroenteritis;
Infections of the sechostatus tract;
important form of acne.

Besides, antibiotics of a group of macrolides can be victorious for the prevention of infectious diseases in rheumatological and dental practices. The stench is so victorious for the prohibitive production of operational infectious diseases.

Macrolide antibiotics are classified for their chemical structure and the way they are rejected. As a matter of fact, from the chemical structure of the macrolide, it can be divided into:

14-membered (erithromicin, clarithromicin, roxithromicin, oleandomycin, dirithromycin);
15-membered (azithromicine);
16-membered (spiramicin, midecamycin, josamicin).

This classification is necessary for assessing the safety of pharmaceutical preparations, as there is plenty of room for some of the peculiarities of the chemical structure. For example, the 14-membered macrolide is developed by a stimulating infusion on the motility of the slunk-intestinal tract, as well as provoking the development of intestinal tract. 15-membered and 16-membered macrolide can be used as a victim neglect effect, Prote vin є meaning we are less vivid.

This is due to the method of eliminating the preparation of a group of macrolides for natural and synthetic use. The list of natural antibacterial agents includes erithromycin, midecamycin, oleandomycin, spiramycin, josamycin. Clarithromicin, azithromicin, roxithromicin should be used before semisynthetic drugs.

Antibiotics from the group of macrolides are classified as one of the safest types of antibacterial agents. The stench may be due to its low toxicity, not to curb inflow into the immune system of the body and be well tolerated by the patients. In the case of antibiotics, some macrolide groups have the most frequent allergic reactions. In the Danish hour, the stench is widely stagnant in cases of infectious diseases in newborns, children and vaginal children.

At the same time, the type of anti-microbial drugs in the building has a number of non-essential effects:

shlunkovo-gut rozladi(Nudota, bloating, diarrhea, abdominal pain);
to improve the risk of important damage to the heart;
lowering the vice;
deterioration of the liver function (cholestatic hepatitis);
werewolves impaired hearing;
allergic reactions.

I reduce the tolerance of the medium of macrolides volodya roxithromycin. For a new layer of azithromicine, sometimes it is spiramicin and clarithromicin, and for them, it is teritromicin. As soon as a contraindication is made, the stench arises in an individual order in the form of depletion in the form of peculiarities, I will become a patient and form the release of the drug.

Deyakі macrolіdnі antibiotics are not allowed vikoristovuvati for lіkuvannya children, vіtіtny and wіnkі, wіnу fоr, as well as patients with important damages of the functions of the liver.

It’s possible to recognize young patients, newcomers, young children and women in the period of vagineness and thoracic treatment... However, such a sign is allowed only when there is evidence of a suvoric showing and a visualization of a likarsky control over the entire period of treatment.

International name:

Likarska form:

Pharmacological diya:

show:

International name:

Likarska form:

Pharmacological diya:

show:

International name: Roxithromycin (Roxithromycin)

Likarska form: Dispersible tablets, tablets with a shell

Pharmacological diya: This is a synthetic antibiotic of a group of macrolides for use in all areas. Viyavlyak bacteriostatic action: they communicate with the 50S subunit of ribosomes.

show: Infections of the upper and lower spinal pathways (pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, bacterial infections in COPD, panbroncholitis, bronchiectasis.

International name: Clarithromycin

Likarska form: granules for preparing suspensions for intravenous administration, capsules, lyophilizate for preparing suspensions for intravenous infusions, powder for preparing suspensions for intravenous administration, tablets in a shell, tablets with prolonged production in a capsule

Pharmacological diya: It is a synthetic macrolide antibiotics for a wide range of children. Porusuє synthesis of microorganisms (link with the 50S subunit of the membrane.

show: bacterial infections, Viklican with sensitive microorganisms: infections of the upper dichally nobles (laryngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis).

International name: Roxithromycin (Roxithromycin)

Likarska form: Dispersible tablets, tablets with a shell

Pharmacological diya: This is a synthetic antibiotic of a group of macrolides for use in all areas. Viyavlyak bacteriostatic action: they communicate with the 50S subunit of ribosomes.

show: Infections of the upper and lower spinal pathways (pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, bacterial infections in COPD, panbroncholitis, bronchiectasis.

International name: Josamycin

Likarska form:

Pharmacological diya:

show:

International name: Erythromycin (Erythromycin)

Likarska form: granules for preparing suspensions for intravenous injection, granules for preparing suspensions for intravenous administration, lyophilizate for preparing suspensions for intravenous administration, powder for preparing suspensions for intravenous administration, suppositories [

Pharmacological diya: A bacteriostatic antibiotic from a group of macrolides, reversibly ringing with the 50S subunit of ribosomes, thus breaking the establishment of peptide bonds.

show: Bacteriological infections, wikklicans sensitive pupils: diphtheria (including bacterial infections), whooping cough (including prophylaxis), trachoma.

International name: Josamycin

Likarska form: suspension for receiving vseredin, tablets in a shell

Pharmacological diya: Antibiotic from a group of macrolides, and is bactericidal. To connect with the 50S subunit of the ribosomal membrane and the relocation of the transport system.

show: Infectious and igneous illnesses, victories with sensitive microorganisms: otitis media, Sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, diphtheria.

International name: Dirithromycin

Pharmacological diya: Antibiotic from the macrolide group. Driven by the internal synthesis of white blood in sensitive microorganisms. Grampositive.

show: Infectious and igneous zhvoryuvannya, viclikans sensitive to the preparation of the disease: pharyngitis; tonsilitis; bronchitis (gostry and zagostrennya); pneumonia; іnfektsії shkіri and soft fabrics; cholecystitis, cholangitis.

Macrolidi - antibacterials for the new generation. The basis of the structure of the type of antibiotics is the macrocyclic lactone ring. The whole fact and giving the name of the whole group of drugs. Already from the number of atoms in the coal, which is to be found in the circle, all macrolines are: 14, 15, and 15-membered.

Antibiotics - macrolides are active in relation to gram-positive cox, as well as to internal bacteria: mycoplasma, chlamydia, Campylobacter, legionelli. The whole group of drugs is considered to be the most toxic antibiotics, and the overflow of drugs, which is included in it, can reach the great.

Today we will talk about antibiotics macrolidi, name it, storing it, showing it up until it’s visible - everything is learned і vi, іyasuєmo і is discussed:

Name antibiotics macrolides

Before a group of drugs is included without drugs - antibiotics of the new generation. Naybilsh see from them:

Natural macrolide: Oleandomycin phosphate, erithromycin, Ericyclin spiramycin, and also midecamycin, leukomycin and josamycin.

Napivsynthetic macrolide: Roxithromycin, Clarithromycin, Dirithromycin. Before the whole group there should be: Flurytromicin, Azithromicin and Rokitamitsin.

Often these drugs are used, such as: Vilprafen, Kitazamitsin, Midekamycin. In the pharmacy, you, shvidshe for everything, recommend the following names: Roxithromycin, Sumamed, Tetraolean і Erіderm.

It is necessary to say that the names of the antibiotics are often derived from the names of the macrolides themselves. by the way, by speech similar to the drug "Azitrox" є macrolide Azithromicin. Well, and the drug "Zinerit" revenge the antibiotic-macrolide erithromicin.

Where do you use macrolide antibiotics? Shown up to sucking

A group of drugs is given for a wide range of products. Most often, in case of illusion, such ailments are recognized:

Infectious diseases of the systemic illness: diphtheria, whooping cough, gostry sinusitis. I mean їх with lіkuvannі atypical pneumonia, Stagnate with chronic bronchitis.

Infectious disease of soft tissues, skin curvatures: foliculitis, furunculosis, paronychia.

Statements of infection: chlamydiasis, syphilis.

Bacterial infections of the company: periostitis, periodontitis.

In addition, the preparations of the whole group are indicated for the treatment of toxoplasmosis, gastroenteritis, cryptosporidiosis, as well as for the treatment of important acne. Assigned to those with infectious diseases. You can also recommend using the prevention of infections in dental practice, rheumatology, as well as surgical treatment on tovst_y kishts_.

How to take macrolide antibiotics? Zasuvannya, dozuvannya

The group of antibiotics-macrolides is represented by different drug forms: tablets, granules, suspensions. Pharmacies can also propose: candles, powder in vials and drug in viglyad syrup.

Independently from lykarskoy form, Preparations, designated for internal reception, priznachayut piti by the years, to receive the rivny period of the hour. Zazvychay їkh take 1 year before їdi, or after 2 years, send her. Only a small number of antibiotics can not be found in any way. To that, before Tim, how to fix the lіkuvannya, respectfully read the instructions-insert.

In addition, whether a drug of a whole group can be stored only for medical indications for the signs of a drug. In order to establish a diagnosis, it is necessary to identify the one that can help you with your illness, and the very fact that you need it. The regimen of supplementation of vrahovuє vіk, masu tila sick, the manifestation of chronic ailments, etc.

Who cares about macrolide antibiotics? Prototype showing, side effects

There are a large number of serious drug preparations, macrolide drugs may have a number of indications until victorian. The stench can also smell fatal effects. However, it is necessary to mean that the number of antibiotics is less than that of antibiotics in other groups. Macrolide mensh is toxic, and even more safe in the case of some antibiotics.

Protect, the stench is contraindicated to vaginal women, one-year-old mothers, babies up to 6 months old. Їх cannot be victorious with individual sensitivity to the body to the components in the warehouse of the drug. I will protect people who care for them, as they may seriously damage the functions of the stove, nirok.

In case of incorrect recognition or uncontrolled vicoristan, there may be vicious effects: head bang, jammed. Hearing may be ruined, nudot, blues, discomfort in the abdomen, and a run-in may occur. Spostering allergic manifestations: visip, kropiv'yanka.

Remember that you are self-determined, that you take antibiotics without a sign of a drug, you can seriously destroy the camp of a sick person. Good luck!

A large number of antibiotics, attracting the development of infectious agents, in parallel negative inflowі on the internal microbiocenosis of human organisms, alas, unfortunately, a number of illnesses without antibacterial infections are simply uncomfortable.

The optimal way out of the situation is the preparation of a group of macrolides, which takes the leading positions in the turn of the most safe anti-microbial likes.

Historical statement

The first representative of the given class of antibiotics became Erythromycin, the removal of soil bacteria in the middle of the last century. As a result of the previous activity, it was revealed that the basis of the chemical structure of the drug is a lactone macrocyclic ring, until it is attached to the atom in carbon; Tsya especialty is the name of all groups.

Novy has practically at once gained wide popularity; it was filled with gram-positive bacteria. Three times later, the list of macrolides has been updated with Oleandomycin and Spiramicin.

The development of early generations of antibiotics in a number of bulwarks was informed by the results of the activity of early drugs in the group of campilobacteria, trash and microplasm.

Years, after 70 years after the onset of the onset, erithromycin and Spiramycin were present in the therapeutic regimens earlier. In modern medicine, it is more often indicated that the drug Vibor is used in case of manifestation in patients with individual intolerances to penicilines, others - as a highly effective one, which is characterized by a trivial antibacterial effect and in the presence of teratogenic injections.

Oleandomycin is an order of magnitude higher: a lot of fakhivtsiv provide antibiotics to the number of antibiotics.

At the given moment, there are three generations of macrolids; to the extent of the authoritativeness of the preparation of the drug.

principle of systematization

The basis of the classification of lykarsky zasobiv, which is included in the described group of antibiotics, is a chemical structure, the way of rejection, triviality in pouring and generation of medication.

Details about rospodil preparations are in the table below.

Add three points to the classification:

Tacrolimus is a medication that can be in the structure of 23 atoms and is immediately carried to immunodepressants and to the opened row.

The structure of Azithromycin contains a nitrogen atom, which is also called azalid.
Antibiotics macrolide can be naturally as well as synthetically similar.

Before the natural ones, which are already significant in the history of pre-medicaments, Midekamycin and Josamycin are mentioned; before we synthesize piece by piece - Azithromicin, Clarithromycin, Roxithromycin і ін. From the foreign group, prodrugs are seen, which may be the same as vidozminene budova:

efiri Erythromycin and Oleandomycin, їх salts (propionyl, troleandomycin, phosphate, hydrochloride);
salt of the first representative of a number of macrolides (estolat, atistrat);
salt mіdekamіtsіna (mіokamіtsіn).

Zagalny description

All drugs may be bacteriostatic of the type: the stench will drive the growth of colonies of infectious agents in the way of disrupting the synthesis of cells in pathogen cells. In some cases of fahіvtsі kіnіk, the patients should be given the dosage of medications: those involved in such a rank will add a bactericidal effect.

Antibiotics of the macrolide group are characterized by:

a wide range of infusions on pathogens (including sensitive microorganisms - pneumococci and streptococci, lysters and spirochetes, ureaplasmas and a number of other diseases);
minimal toxicity;
high activity.

As a rule, there are signs of stagnation in the therapy of states of infections (syphilis, chlamydiasis), sickness of an empty company, which may cause bacterial etiology (periodontitis, periostitis), ailments dichotomous systems(Whooping cough, bronchitis, sinusitis).

The effectiveness of medications has been brought to the attention of macrolides, and in the fight against follicles and furunculosis. In addition, antibiotics are recognized when:

gastroenteritis;
cryptosporidiosis;
atypical pneumonia;
acne (important for the prevention of ailments).

With the help of prophylaxis, a group of macrolides work for the sanitation of the noses of meningococcus, with surgical manipulations in the lower intestine.

Makrolidi - drugs, characteristics, list of most requested forms for release

Current medicine is actively used in the therapy regimens of Erythromycin, Clarithromycin, Ilozon, Spiramycin and a number of other representatives of this group of antibiotics. The main forms of the release are indicated in the offensive tables

name the drug	Filling type
name the drug	Capsules, tablets	granules	suspension	powder
Azivok	+
+	+
josamicine	+
Zitrolid	+
Ilozon	+	+	+	+
+	+		+
+	+
Rovamicin	+			+
rulid	+
Sumamed	+			+
Hemomycin	+			+
Ecomed	+			+
+			+

Pharmacy hedgehogs can also be used by Sumamed for viglyadi aerosol, lyophilizate for infusions, Hemomycin - in the form of powder for preparing in'n'ktsiynyh solutions. Erythromicin-line is packed in aluminum tubes. Ilozon is used in rectal suppositories.

A short description of popular assets - in the materials below.

Resistant to diya lugiv, acids. It is mainly used in cases of entrapment of ENT organs, sechostatic systems, and shkirnykh curves.

Prototypes of indications for women in the position and for lactating, as well as for young patients, who did not reach for 2 months. The period of the date is 10 years.

With the help of the control of the doctor, it is allowed to use the medication in the treatment of women (in folding bags). The bioavailability of the antibiotic must not be stored in the first place, that is, the drug must be taken before the drug. Among the side effects - allergic reactions, damage to the function of the system and the intestinal tract (at T. Ch.Diareya).

The name of the drug is Midekamycin.

Vikoristovuyutsya in the presence of an ailing individual intolerance to beta-lactams. It is used to diagnose symptoms of ailment, scho to fend off shkirni pokrivi, organi dikhannya.

Prototype indication - duration, period of natural vigor. Engage in pediatrics.

josamicine

Vikoristovuyutsya in lіkuvannі vagіtnyh, lactating women. The pediatrician stagnates at the viglyadi suspension. Can reduce the arterial grip of the patient. It will take place right at the time of living.

Usuvaє symptoms of such ailments, yak angina, bronchitis, furunculosis, urethritis and іn.

It is characterized by an increased activity in relation to pathogens, ignition processes in the intestinal tract (middle and Helicobacter pylori).

Bioavailability does not lie in the hour of implantation. Sered contraindication - the first trimester of vaginosti, childish vіk. The period is short, not overwhelming five years.

oleandomycin

The effect of the medicine is improved when it gets in the middle of the puddle.

Engage with:

bronchiectatic ailments;
gnarly pleurisy;
brucellosis;
ailing of the upper dichal nobles.

The drug is a new generation. Acidic.

The structure of antibiotics is derived from a large number of medications, and is referred to the described group. When enrolled in therapy, VIL -infikovani zapobiga mycobacteriosis.

The period of the date is more than 48 years; tsya especiality of the speed up to the preparation up to 1 r. / day

Ilozon

Insensible with clindamicin, lincomycin, chloramphenicol; lowering the effectiveness of beta-lactams and hormonal contraceptives. In case of severe interruption, ailments are introduced internally. Chi does not get stagnant with vaginosity, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, with lactation.

It is characterized by the ability to regulate the immune system. Chi doesn’t pour into the fruit during the period of the wedding, it’s going to be in the business.

Safety-free for children (supplementing the license with the urahuvannyam of the vagi, the patient's condition and the severity of his illness). Chi does not succumb to cell metabolism, does not split in the liver.

Zatrin, Lincomycin, Clindamicin, Sumamed

low toxic macrolide last generation... Actively vicariously in the therapy of old and small (from 6 months.) Patients, who do not want to shake off the negative negative influx on the body. It is characterized by the appearance of a trivial period of time, as long as it has been victorious not more than 1 time in 24 years.

Macrolidi of the new generation is practically not a contraindication, it is good to be tolerated by ailments when they are treated in therapeutic schemes. The triviality of drug use is innocent for 5 days.

specialties

It is not possible to get sick on your own in likuvanny.

Slide of memory: to live antibiotics without prior consultation with a doctor means to be hopelessly delivered to your health.

Most of the drugs in the group are characterized by insignificant toxicity, but they do not need to be taken without respect for the type of drug, so they can take part in the instructions for the consumption of drugs-macrolides, not to follow. It is worth noting that, when victorious lykarsky zasobіv, you can win:

Even in the anamnesis of a sick person, the presence of an individual intolerance to macrolides is not possible.

hardened:

live alcohol for an hour;
zb_lshuvati for zmenshuvati is a sign of reassurance;
missed tablets (capsules, suspensions);
take a reception without repeated analysis;
vikoristovuvati medications with vycherpanim term of adherence.

For the duration of the shrinkage, the appearance of new symptoms then inaccurately turns to the drug.

Video

The video will tell you about those who will catch a cold, flu or GDVI. Thought of a suspected lykar.

Macrolysis of the last generation is a pharmacological group of drugs that can be used as antibiotics. The stench may be borderingly soft, so indispensable for the treatment of patients who are sick to allergic reactions to Cyposfarin or Penicilin, and also widely stagnate in pediatrics. For his sutta, macrolide is the tse of antibiotics, which is the most safe for the health of the patient.

Macroliths of the new generation are vidminously fighting against ailing microorganisms and ailing infectious diseases. Therapeutic infusion is within reach of the building blocks porushuvati white synthesis, infusing the microbial ribosome onto the cell. Macrolide may, as it is called, immunomodulatory activity, which allows a beneficial infusion to be applied to the functioning of the immune system.

vidi makrolidiv

There are three generations of macrolids. Nybіlsh new drugs of the third generation are used. The list of divers of lykarsky zasobіv is characterized by a high level of antimicrobial activity multiplied by soft inflow:

Azithromicin.
Fusidin.
Lincomycin.
Sumamed.
Clindamicine.
Zathrin.
Azithromax.
Zomax.

Macroliths of the new generation can provide a wide range of diy and safety for the body.

For the reason of the preparation given pharmacological group to actively become stagnant for the development of infectious diseases in children and adults.

All pererakhovani vische preparations of the last generation may be healthy until the onset of the onset of ailment bacteria is stifled:

Listeria.
Deyakі pіzvodydi mіkrobakterії.
Campilobacteri.
Gardnereli.
Hlamіdії.
Whooping cough stick.
Stafilokoki.
Mycoplasma.
Hemophilic stick.
Streptococcus.
Sifilisu.

Before the new macrolids, the following therapeutic authorities were accepted as follows:

Trivial period to the process.
Building before transport without the need to go to the ignition in the fire for additional leukocytes.
Possibility of rapid triviality of the drug course and frequency of taking the drug. A large number of macrolide vapors take one more time for 3-5 days.
The rate of possible allergic reactions.
The visibility of the negative infusion on the function of the intestinal tract.

For many reasons, the stench may be surrounded by a number of indications of young side effects, stagnant for children, in the first category from 6 months. Antibiotic drugs of the last generation are characterized by a low level of toxicity and in a greater degree of tolerance by patients.

Shown until sucked up and counter shown

Macrolid, which should be taken to the preparations of the last generation, become stagnant in modern medicine for the treatment of such ailments:

Chronic bronchitis.
Periodontitis.
Endocarditis.
Gostra form of sinusitis.
Rheumatism.
Mycobacteriosis.
Periostitis.
Toxoplasmosis.
Gastroenteritis.
Breaking the curvatures visipom vugriv at important forms.
Furunculosis.
Syphilis.
Paronychia.
Chlamidioz.
Folicult.
Otitis.
Diphtheria.
Pneumonia.
Tuberculosis.
Striking the young gentlemen.
To take revenge.
Conjunctivitis.
Virazkovі urazhennya shlunkovo-intestinal tract.
Trochim.
Infectious disease of urogenital character.
Whooping cough.
Faringit.
Tonsilitis.

The macroliths of the last release are seen as two upper steps in front of them, soaking into the shelter, to biological occupations in the area of the intestinal tract, by way of a prolonged period of time.

Medicinal preparations are so very powerful when used in a sour environment.

One of the characteristic changes in the preparation of the last generation є building up to the smothering of atypical microbacteria and a high level of activity to fighting against a large number of ailing ailments, as well as sounding up to the last species of antibiotics.

Such licars will help you to swell with antibacterial and anti-burning effects.

Unimportant to the borderline efficiency and safety of the new generation of drugs in any way, for therapeutic purposes, it is categorically not recommended.

Prototypes shown before the storage of lykarsky zasobіv presented pharmacological groups include:

Viability.
Period of lactation.
Vіk paciєnta younger than 6 months.
Individual intolerance to the singing components of the preparation.
Completed the course of treatment with antihistamines.
Nirkovi pathology.
An important illness and a battle of the liver.

Possible side effects

Macrolide is characterized by a minimal change of possible secondary effects in comparison with other types of antibiotics.

However, in some cases of drug abuse in patients, there may be some negative manifestations of the following:

Headache.
Feeling discomfort and severity in the abdomen.
Rozlad shlunka.
Zamorochennya.
Nudota.
Attack the blues.
Diarrhea.
Loss of hearing.
Kropiv'yanka.
Hanging on the curls.
Phlebit.
Hollestasis.
Destruction of the healthy function.
Weakness.
Zagalne nezduzhannya.

Yak accept makrolidi?

More detailed:

Do not indulge in self-care and follow the doctor's recommendations.
Strictly touch the dosage of the drug.
For an hour of a therapeutic course, take advantage of the implantation of alcoholic beverages.
Take the leaks a year before and for the end of two years.
The tablets should be washed down with a great amount of water (no less than a bottle for a drink).

In order to unify the development of possible side effects and to achieve the most pleasant results, when using macrolides, patients are recommended to follow the rules of the game.

- tse bacteriostatic effective antibiotics, However, at great concentrations there can be pressure and bactericidal effect. Qia group of antibiotics has a wide range of activities. A prototype of macrolide antibiotics є erithromycin, otrimany from fungi.

Using the method of improving the pharmacokinetic powers of macrolides, boules are eliminated as synthetically derived, which may increase acid stability, more wide range diy in gram-negative ranges and more trivial period in the north. The very same macrolide antibiotics go for the following:

1 generation -, oleandomycin;
2 generation -;
3 generation - (sumamed).

Macrolide ingibuyutsya biosynthesis of the bacterium by attaching up to 50S-subunits of ribosomes. For more migration and growth of the resultant polypeptide lancet, start blocking translocase enzyme, creep. Tom macrolidi give bacteriostatic diy on bacteria, at which active exchange of words. Macrolide is not effective against "calm bacteria".

Relationships and ways of storing

Macrolide antibiotics cannot be washed down with grapefruit juice!

Macrolysis is metabolized in oven, Zavdyaki biotransformation cytochrome P450 - isoenzyme CYP3A4. When you take macrolides from any kind of products that also metabolize CYP3A4 (for example, cimetidine, statini, cyclosporine, grapefruit), there may be a relationship. Macrolines adjust the metabolism of other drinks through CYP3A4 and increase their efficiency by themselves.

Macrolines are stagnant internally, internally and in the middle. The smell of goodness penetrates into the Legene tissue, pleural, synovial and peritoneal empty, in the middle of the middle and internal wuh, In adenoids, miracles. Accumulate in macrophages and undergo phagocytosis. Easily absorbed into milk. Pogano - through the hematoencephalic bar'єr (hematoencephalic bar'єr), the placenta.

Vikoristannya pid hour of visitation is carried out only after suvorim shows.

Promotion of stiffness and spectrum of diy

Antibiotic-resistant to macrolides are widely expanded in the middle of bacteria. It’s pretty simple to give in to bacteria, as the stench modifies the enzyme system. Vvazhaєtsya, which is the bacterium of antibiotics to macrolides, it is also the same to all antibiotics (hyperresistance).

However, ketolids, after the last pre-sluggish ones, turned out to be effective when they were consumed up to bacteria, they could be resistant to azithromycin.

Macrolidi produce a bactericidal effect at vidnosiny:

hlamіdіy,
microplasm,
gram of positive cociv,
corynebacteria.

Bacteriostatic effect:

neiserії,
legionelli,
hemophilic stick,
treponema,
clostridia,
rickets.

Another generation of macrolides is more effective in generating negative bacteria. Third generation + toxoplasma, hemophilic stick.

Vicious Effects

Macrolide antibiotics are among the non-baked antibiotics. The vicious side effects are not very long, the serious side effects are even more rare. Major side effects include intestinal dislocation: dyspepsia - nudota, bloating, diarrhea, rarely - pseudomembranous colitis. Allergic reactions and liver failure are even more rare. Nimenshe accelerated, for statistics, yes 3 generations of macrolids.

Also, there is a deterioration in the function of the liver and in the form of allergy to macrolides in the past as antibiotics.