Chronic lymphocytic leukemia - who is in the group? Chronic lymphocytic leukemia Death from lymphocytic leukemia.

dane got sick hostile lymphatic tissue, To produce up to accumulation of plump lymphocytes in lymphocytes. Not all patients are diagnosed with lymphocytic leukemia, but also, the ailment is even more serious.

lymphocytic leukemia is great care for the body of the people... Appear in different forms. There are a few diagnostic techniques that have been broken down for the detection of not uncomfortable ailments.

What about lymphocytic leukemia?

Lymphocytic leukemia - tse evil battle, Шо виникає in lіmphatic fabrics. Characterized by pathological lymphocytes.

The ailment negatively infuses not only on leukocytes, but also on peripheral blood and lymphoid organisms. The patient’s camp is fast. The most widespread pathology was neglected in the powers of Western Europe, in the USA and Canada. Mayzhe does not live in the lands of Asia.

Nurses without interruption in blood flow, cells of a malignant nature quickly expand across the blood, organs of the immune system.

Tse to produce up mass infection of all organisms.

Great is not safe for people fix the cases the clients fix the delay... To see the price uncontrollably. The stench gets involved in the health of susceptible fabrics, to produce until they become ill. We will explain the rapid development of ailments and the growth of health of people.

Have a child see a raptove abdominal enlargement, pain in the slopes... At the same time, they often associate with the child's increased activity, lack of robbery, blows and drops before the hour of the mountain.

Be-yak podryapin lead to cassock bleeding, Zupiniti roof buvaє neymovirno foldable. On a larger scale, the child will jump on a strong headache, bother him, and may bloat. The temperature of the heat increases significantly.

Zahvoryuvannya vinikak in grown-ups is quite rare. Mainly people over 50 years old... Persh for everything, with a lot of suffering and a stove. Tsi organize to grow up in size. Winning more, considering the importance.

Lіmfovzli grow up in rosmіrі, wiklikayut inappropriate views and navіl. The stench pressurize the bronchi severe coughі good things.

Lyudina sees weakness, weakness. Ny has a lowered patronage. You can activate chronic infections.

Forms and stages of ailments

I see three stages of ailment:

1. Pochatkova. There is a slight increase in leukocytes in the blood. practically did not change. The patient is spared a drug, but the use of medications is not required. Debauchery is carried out regularly. The price is necessary for the control of the sick person.
2. Horny. The main signs of the pathology of the presence, treatment is necessary. The camp is not satisfactory. Symptoms are becoming more and more pronounced for yourself, you start to see more patients and feel discomfort.
3. Thermal. Prevent bleeding, Infectious diseases accelerated... The patient's camp is important. Run for the patient in the stationary. It’s not safe to take one patient, so what’s your camp at the stage of Ukrainian is important. It takes a look and respect for drugs, as well as serious preparations.

Icnu dvi form of ailments:

Into his own house the chronic form lasts for a number of types:

• kindly... The improvement of lymph nodes and spleens is increasing in number. The triviality of the life of the ill: 30-40 years.
• pukhlinna... Patients have severe lymph nodes. Інші symptoms of mensh turn.
• progressively... The ailment grows quickly, the symptoms are very swirling. The triviality of life is no more than 8 years.
• Kistkovomozkova... To see the lesion of the cystic brain. Signs appear on early stages ailments.
• Splenomegalicheskiy... The little spleen is growing, in the world of growing up, one is seeing heavy things. Інші symptoms of mensh turn.
• Poisoning with accelerated cytolytic syndrome... Massova bend down of plump clitins, to get rid of organism.
• Ailment, which is against paraproteinemia... Klitini poohlini see a block, which does not conform to the norm.
• T-shape... Pathology develops quickly, awkward curvature. It is possible to have a bit of an error. Over the course of the year, the body starts to burn, and the symptoms of illness appear.
• hairyclinny leukemia... Klіtini pukhlini mayut with especial virost, scho crap villi. They are especially respectful for the hour of carrying out diagnostics.

Learn more about chronic lymphocytic leukemia from the video:

cause show

The reasons for the diagnosis and development of ailments є:

Vishchenazvani factories produce up to the diagnosis of ailments. view mutation clitin, if the stench is repaired uncontrollably. Zagvoryuvannya can be rocked by rocks, alope lykuvannya may not want to go.

Khvoroba is responsible for the organism of the majestic Shkodi; Suchas medicine can Prizupiniti development of ill-health and Polegshiti stan of the patient... However, the temporality of the acceleration and aggravation of pathology.

Lіkuvannya paciєntіv zdіysnyuєtsya under suvorim control of the lіkar. on in different stages a patient's ailments are placed in a hospital for more control and more serious control of their self-esteem.

diagnostics

Diagnostics of the disease of health in the clinic. To look around for a patient. However, there is a lack of diagnostics for staging a diagnosis.

Methods of diagnostics become stagnant, the mean of great value is introduced to laboratory blood tests. Yak rule The very blood of a sick person will reveal an ailment.

Among the modern methods for diagnosing this disease, you see:

Nebezpeka hvorobi i forecast

Forecast for oduzhannya to lie down without a second stage, On which ailment was diagnosed. It is also possible to accumulate a variety of ways to develop illnesses and methods of treatment.

Narodnі zasobi in this vipadku not help. Ailments are serious and effective medicines, as well as treatment in a hospital.

Singing ailments may have a lesion. weak lymphocytes in the blood, Bagato rock is lost in the "frozen" camp. The development of a fallout cannot be seen in a wide range. Such a surplus of ailments buvaє in 1/3 of patients. The lethal result will come in a second hour. The reasons for this are not tied to illnesses.

Nearly 15% of the ailments stick out with the swift development of the ailment. The increase in lymphocytes in the blood is seen in the majestic shvidkistu. unreported manifestations of anemia and thrombopenia... In general, the lethal result can come in two or three fatalities from the ear of ailment.

Provokuvati nastіlka a quick lethal result can be accelerated, as it is not uncommon at the same time because of the ailment itself. It is important to slow down the lіkuvannya, to bring up to the camp, which is not unbeatable for the life of the patient.

Reshta vipadk_v enlightenment shall be submitted to pomirno-aggressive character... The triviality of a sick person's life becomes fifteen rocks.

The ailment є is even more delicate, so it cannot be pulled from diagnostics. If the diagnostics will be carried out earlier, there will be more chances for the development.

for effective treatment vikoristovuyutsya medications, іn'єktsії іn'ktsії іnіh medіkіv, lіkuvalnі procedures in a lіkarnі. Self-determination with such a diagnosis is included. Only the control of the drug can help to reduce the level of problems and polish the patient.

Malicious adoption, when you see uncontrolled submission of clines, old hostilities adjoin fabrics and move around the organization, in a modern medical practice, try to finish often.

Fakhіvtsyami see a lackluster type of such poohlinny malignant character, to which lymphocytic leukemia can also be attributed.

In order to see the development of the disease right away and prevent the development of the slowdown, the skin of the person is guilty of the mother of the manifestation of those who cause the development of ailments and how they manifest themselves.

describe the affliction

Tse pathological camp, when you see the form of malignant puffiness in lymphatic tissue.

Not so long ago, the state standard was diagnosed in children who did not reach the chotiiric vik. In this hour, pathology is increasingly developing in older people and in young people.

In the big world, such indicators are associated with unwelcoming ecological minds and the lowering of the immune system of people. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is most often diagnosed in patients with kidney disease.

Lymphocytic leukemia is a pathology, which is characterized by the formation and uncontrolled growth of blood cells in the cell. As a result, the growth of tissue tissue is promoted through the manifestation of genetic grants.

With a lot of ailments, there is a problem with plump cells:

• cystic brain;
• oven;
• lymphatic universities;
• spleen;
• peripheral roof.

By the larger world, the grave of the choloviks. In women, pathology is diagnosed significantly earlier. Symptoms, as a rule, appear unsupported. More important is the decay factor.

Classification

One of the onset stages of ailments is diagnosed as a result of the development of a pathological process in patients:

• Stage 1 - to see the battle of one organ or a group of lymph nodes;
• 2 steps - to fight a group of lymphocytes, in the middle of roztashuvannya such є top or bottom diaphragms;
• 3 steps - for its characteristic development ignition process lymphatic universities, Adjusting the diaphragm;
• 4 steps - in a wide range of spheres, the fight against non-lymphoid fabrics of deciduous organs is promoted.

In order to recognize an adequate treatment, it is necessary that it is not only the stage of the ailment, but the second type, which you see two.

chronic form

In general, oncologic disease is caused without a mediocre lymphatic tissue. This process is characterized by the purchase of plump lymphocytes in the peripheral blood.

For a chronic form, it is a typical plinth. The destruction of the blood-forming organism is indicated only at different stages of the disease.

For a given type of lymphocytic leukemia in the presence of the signs, characteristic of the onset of the stage:

1. Pochatkova... In general, there is a slight increase in the number of lymph nodes in one or the other groups. On the triviality of life, there will be two heads of officials - the destruction of blood in the cystic marrow and the level of breadth, characteristic of the new evil character.
2. fired... There is an increase in leukocytosis. The progression of lymphatic tissues and recurrence of infections is promoted.
3. thermal... Characterized by the evil transformation of the chronic type. Anemia, thrombocytopenia develop.

In the literal designation, the specificity of the pathology will be seen by the next rank:

• I - lymphadenopathy;
• II - improvement of the spleen;
• III - anemia;
• IV - thrombocytopenia.

Among the main types of lymphocytic leukemia chronic see:

• kindly, like a sprout of a common build-up, how it grows as soon as possible through a splinter of rock;
• classic, the ear of development is similar in shape to the front, however, the leukocyte grows much more quickly, it means the same increase in lymph nodes;
• pukhlinnu, at the same time, the consistency and thickness of lymphatic tissue grows significantly, while the level of leukocytes is not so high;
• bone marrow, it is characterized by a rapidly progressive pancytopenia;
• Prolimphocytic, I know how to improve the spleen in case of small growth of lymph nodes, as well as a quick development of this form;
• hairy cells - a clinical picture of my own specialness, spine, cytopenia, as well as a great size of the spleen with normal lymph universities.

In addition, there is a T-shape, which can be diagnosed in five different types. Exercise is given to the shkirna kotkovina and glyboki shari dermi.

gostra

Diagnosis of gastric lymphocytic leukemia, vikoristovy to the peripheral shelter, in a warehouse which is characteristic of the area. The general indicators of blood are characterized by leukemia failure, so that in the presence of only mature cells. Thrombocytopenia, monochromatic anemia is characteristic for the whole type.

In some situations, as if to look at the backward picture of blood, as to be supplemented with a specific symptomatology, it is possible to develop a discussion about the relevance of the lymphocytic leukemia type. However, in order to make a more accurate diagnosis of the diagnosis, it is necessary to carry out a pre-diagnosis of the cystic brain.

cause development

The main factor, such as the appearance of pathology, is the mutation of stovburovikh clitins. On a small day, there is a possibility of a secondary ripening of these cells.

In the ideal camp, some cells are practiced practically in all internal organs, so that they become completely normal. Formation of pathological particles is no longer accepted to the norm.

The factors in the development of the state form are:

• damage to the genetic level;
• autoimmune disease;
• radioactive injection;
• chimіchnі and otruynі speeches.

Among the factors, chronic lymphocytic leukemia is seen:

• decline in mental capacity;
• reduction of the immune system;
• infectious diseases;
• nadmіrne vzhivannya deyakim medication zasobіv;
• parts of stress overextension.

Varto, it means that half of the population is sick to the cholovych in a large world.

symptomatology

Falling aside, ailments of the most common manifestations will appear as soon as possible. gostra uniform lymphoblastic leukemia supervises onset symptoms:

• increased sizes of lymph nodes and spleen;
• high temperature fluctuations;
• convulsive camps;
• frequent bleeding;
• blіdіstyu shkіri;
• backache and dry cough;
• anemia;
• feverish;
• pain in the abdomen, great slopes and cysts.

Among the indicators of lymphocytic leukemia in blood analyzes are:

• leukocytosis;
• thrombocytopenia;
• normochromic anemia.

If the central nervous system is affected, there will be supra-juvati bloom, severe headaches and malnutrition, and increased urgency.

With a chronic overrun of the disease, you can not let the nobility about yourself for a while. Signs of pathology are manifested when ailments develop at different stages.

Head symptoms:

• loss of oil;
• parts of the disease of a viral and infectious nature;
• visibility of appetite, anorexia;
• ryasne potovіlennya;
• Allergy to unlikeliated fraudulent bureaucrats;
• anemia;
• weakness in meat;
• severity in the area of ​​the slunk;
• Inferior weakness.

Blood analysis is also indicative of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia.

Yak diagnose lymphocytic leukemia

Diagnostics of oncological illness is possible on the basis of such conditions, such as:

• vivchennya anamnesis of the way of life and illness of the patient;
• I will look around the shkіrnogo pokrivnya, vimіryuvannya vise and pulse;
• vikonannya analizіv sichі and blood;
• punctation of the cystic brain and lymphatic universities;
• trepanobiopsy;
• ultrasound detection of internal organs;
• electrocardiography;
• MRI and spinal CT;
• chest x-ray;
• puncture of the spinal cord.

It is possible to detect ailments after the results of blood analysis. Practically, all pathological processes, such as occur in the middle of the body, consume a change in the storehouse of blood. At the same time, there is a change in both the quality and the indicators of the elements.

With an increase in the level of leukocytes, it is possible to speak clearly about the apparent pathological failure. Lymphocytic leukemia is not lost because of the fact that lymphocytic leukemia is at the stage of development; Outside zapovnennyy pudgy cells of the cystic brain indicate thrombocytopenia.

come in

Independently from the steps, ailments and diseases are guiltyly carried out in the complex. The most effective result, obviously, is the transplantation of the cystic marrow, but you don’t have to wait for the whole process.

drug therapy

At the early stages, the development of ailments fakhivtsi is recognized by the preparations of the advancing groups:

• anti-fungal and anti-fungal;
• antibiotics;
• blood spine;
• immunomodulating;
• disintoxication.

procedure

At more important stages, chemotherapy becomes the basis of treatment. Vaughn has gone to the humiliation of the evil clientele and the transgression of the wider spread.

Chemotherapy drugs can be used in tablet formulations, or in the form of injections, which can only be used internally. In a large number of vipads, fahivets have signs of such koshti, yak Kempas, Cyclophosphan, Fludarabin.

Krym, in the general order, prescribe Leykeran, oskilki vіn quickly rіven lymphocytes and changes in the size of lymphocytes.

In addition, if the lymphatic universities are fixing the health of their organisms, they should carry out exchange therapy. Wonderful for the reduction of the infiltration of the membrane to the brain.

If anemia or thrombocytopenia is prevented, then blood transfusion is slowed down.

Transplantation - the price of finding effective way on the rise, lymphocytic leukemia of chronic form. Through the adjustment of toxicity also surgical involvement to spend at vinyatkovy vipadkas.

Autologous transplantation should be performed to achieve remission. However, this procedure does not trigger the development of relapses. And the axis for їх usunennya to reduce the halogenous transplantation.

Folk medicine

Isnu also chimalo people's efforts They have recommended themselves well for lymphocytic leukemia.

Among the most advanced recipes, see the offensive:

1. Zmіshati 2 bottles of honey with a flask of fine grain crop. Two tablespoons of ground valerian root can be added to the warehouse. Mix everything, put it in a thermos and fill it with boiled water. Pislya finishes add these processes and take on the tablespoons, in every day and in the evenings for the first time until the day of living. The course of lіkuvannya to become 30 days.
2. I dry the honey mushroom in a total of two tablespoons, pour 500 ml of sprinkle and infuse it with 120 ghilins. Pislya otrimany nastіy process through cheesecloth and drink 100 ml of three per day.

It is important only to remember, but to use herbs, you can only go ahead and consult with a doctor.

Yak grunts right

When diagnosing "lymphocytic leukemia", it is necessary to start correct eating... The ratsioni are always guilty of the oven and meat.

Besides, the day is on the respect of the products, at the warehouse of which there is an abundance of salt and salt.

To them are admitted:

• potatoes;
• sunitsya;
• garmelon;
• spinach;
• buckwheat;
• currant;
• beet;
• Cherry;
• apricot.

It is not less important to maintain a healthy way of life.

Forecast and methods of prevention

Most often at chronic form zahvoryuvannya forecasts for a return to positive. In case of gross lymphocytic leukemia in large cases, everything will end with a lethal result.

If it’s impossible to live through the pathology, then a person with such a diagnosis doesn’t live more than a few months.

With a timely diagnosis and correct treatment of therapeutic approaches, it is necessary to continue the life of the sick to five rockies.

As a preventive measure, it is necessary to develop a disease, it’s necessary for everything, to mamagatis to interconnect oneself in a stream of provocative officials. When robots on virobnitstvі obov'yazkovo guilty after trimming the technology of safety.

In addition, it is important to immediately and increase the likelihood of all ailments, to trim the immune system in a normal form, and regularly undergo medical committees.

Iakshho uniqueness the ailments without reaching, it is necessary to catch all the licenses, correctly harchuvatisya, include more products in the race, so as to revenge proteins and vitamins.

When the first adolescents appear for lymphocytic leukemia (an increase in lymphatic tissues, discomfort in the abdomen and others), it is necessary to safely go for medical assistance.

Lykar-therapist, candidate of medical sciences, practical lykar.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) occurs in 25-30% of all types of leukemia and is the most extended type of leukemia in middle oncological patients, the middle stage of which is 72. The wide breadth of ailments in such a category is seriously intertwined with therapeutic options through a significant number of other patients.

The reasons for CLL on the current day are unavailable; genetic and immune damage, transfer of important virus infections.

As a rule, chronic lymphocytic leukemia - the ailment is primed; 70% of ailments are susceptible to asymptomatic uneasiness. It will appear vipadkovo fall ill, before the hour of the planned maintenance of blood, I will show a high level of leukocytes in the blood in the presence of a low number of red blood cells. If 30% of patients at the time of diagnosis are diagnosed, the following symptoms are more likely to be diagnosed:

• vtoma;
• schism to frequent infections;
• for no reason to increase the temperature at 38 ° C;
• pіdshkіrnі blood;
• blіst of shkіrnyh curves,
• non-private visip, suitable until this time, when you have Cesar's syndrome;
• prvidshene sercebittya;
• zadishka;
• nichna fondness;
• seeing something in the lower part of the abdomen, which will lead to a decrease in the spleen;
• improvement of lymph universities.

Among the first systemic key symptoms It is recognized as a quick change (for 6 months) and a decrease in the amount of weight, which sometimes changes 10% of the weight, for no reason to increase the temperature of the room, but it is more difficult to hold out for two or more, more weakly.

Clinical manifestations of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

CLL is characterized by the accumulation of functionally immovable leukocytes (lymphocytes) in the cystic marrow, blood, lymphatic nodes, lymph nodes and organs.

Functionally, the blood cells are imperfect, because they live better, they do not have enough lymphocytes, they can repair the accumulation and "vitality" of the health of the blood cells. Deficiency of normal blood cells gradually develops, which leads to anemia, thrombocytopenia; there is a tendency before the appearance of sinuses and bleeding; in case of damage to the immune system, repeated infections are I will load my life character.

Malicious changes of the immune system and the development of other types of cancer: in the fourth ailment of the skin with CLL, there is also a lack of malignancy, such as cancer of the intestine, lesions or cancer of the bowel.

refined diagnosis

The diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is based on the results of the blood and cystic marrow.
The basis for the diagnosis of CLL is the immunophenotyping of leukocytes, which allows for a significant amount of dominance on the surface of lymphocytes.

An increase in the number of leukocytes and specific changes in the development of lymphocytes in the cystic brain confirms the manifestation of illness. Schob turn effective method therapy and prognosis, it is necessary to assess the degree of severity of illness, as well as to start from the few indicators of lymphocytes in the blood and in the cystic brain. It is also necessary to conduct an assessment of the development of the organs of the blood-forming organ, - the liver and the spleen, - the increase in the number of malignant lymphocytes in the lymph nodes and the expanded ones in the whole organ.

Falsely from the stage of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the middle triviality of the sick can become from 18 months to 10 years.

Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

As a rule, CLL progresses by and large, allowing the ear to read into a few rocks, - until the moment of lymphocyte growth in the cystic brain and a decrease in blood counts in blood clots and thrombocytes.

Drug treatment for CLL is not just a general drug treatment, but the drugs themselves provide many important side effects. The name of anti-inflammatory drugs (often - in combination with corticosteroids) is indicated for deprivation with a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes. Likuvannya, as a rule, quickly gives a lot of polish, but most often it is a phenomenon for a team. In general, when corticosteroids are stuck in a trickle hour, the situation can be ruined, the patient’s timid patients are more receptive to the appearance of important infections.

There are two types of lymphocytes in the blood of people: B-lymphocytes, which are immune cells, which are associated with anti-lymphocytes viroblast, and T-lymphocytes. Practically 95% of ailments suffer from B-cell leukemia; I will increase the risk of malignant cells, uniqueness of recurrence and normalization of the process of blood formation, as well as the deprivation of transplantation of the cystic marrow in the case of the introduction of healthy stovbury cells.

New word in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Significant streaming of progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and in the case of chlorambucil - and increasing the patient's survival - the growth of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies - all the great white molecules with a foldable spacious structure, vibrating all the middle living cells from the latest developments in molecular biology and genetic engineering.

On the basis of chemotherapy, the use of CLL for an additional new method allows the formation of chubby cells "visible" for the immune system and knowledge, not for the whole health of the cells. Such an innovative pidhid will give a patient a chance for a trivial life, not to spoil the progress of ailments.

At the cob stages, it is manifested by lymphocytosis and generalized lymphoadenopathy. With progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, as well as anemia and thrombocytopenia, which manifests itself as weak, stomatous, petechial hemorrhages and bleeding. The part of the infection is referred to, in order to increase the level of immunity. Diagnosis is established at the premises of laboratory tests. Lіkuvannya - chemotherapy, cystic marrow transplantation.

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a disease from a group of non-Hodgkin's lymphocytes. Supervise the growth of the number of morphologically mature, altogether uncommon B-lymphocytes. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is the most common form of hemoblastosis, becoming a third of all leukemias diagnosed in the United States and the countries of Europe. The choloviks are often worried about the woman. The peak of seizure seizures on increasing age, in the whole period appear close to 70% of the backward cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

paciєnti young vik Ridko suffers, up to 40 years of the first ailment symptom is found for all in 10% of ailments. In the rest of the rock fahivtsi is the deyake of the "rejuvenation" of pathology. Clinical interruption of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is even more variably, it can be as trivial as the progress of the day, so in the most aggressive variant with a lethal result after 2-3 years of diagnosis. There are a number of factors that make it possible to predict the overrun of the disease. Likuvannya zdіysnyuyut fahіvtsі in the field of oncology and hematology.

Ethiology and pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

The reasons for the accusation are not residual. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is infested with a single leukemia with an unsuccessful connection between the development of a disease and uncomfortable factors of the outbreak of a disease (ionizing vyprominuvannya, contact with carcinogenic speech). Fakhivtsi vvazhayut, as the main bureaucrat, aspriyє development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, є decline in mental capacity. The types of chromosome mutations, which are responsible for the oncogenes on the cob stage of ailment, until it is detected, the mutagenic nature of the disease is not detected.

key picture Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is accompanied by lymphocytosis. The cause of lymphocytosis is an increase in the number of morphologically advanced, albeit immunologically defective B-lymphocytes, undeveloped before humoral immunity. Earlier, it was considered that abnormal B-lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia є always live in cells and rarely grow up. The theory of the bullet has been established in the frivolous. Previously, it was shown that B-lymphocytes multiply rapidly. Every day in the body of a sick person there is 0.1-1% of the origin of atypical cells. In children with ailments, there are small clones of clones, so chronic lymphocytic leukemia can be seen as a group of near-spore-like illnesses from the distant ETIOPATOGENESIS and a similar clinical symptomatology.

When vyvchennі kіtin appear great versatility. In materials, one can overwhelm wide-plasma or narrow-plasma cells with young or wrinkled nuclei, or even barless or well-grown granular cytoplasm. The proliferation of abnormal cells is found in pseudofolliculitis - purchases of leukemic cells that have grown in the lymph nodes and the cystic marrow. The causes of cytopenia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia are autoimmune formation of blood elements and suppression of proliferation of stovburovic cells, accumulation of increased proliferation of T-lymphocytes in peripheral and peripheral blood cells. In addition, with the presence of clerical powers, the ruin of blood cells can be affected by atypical B-lymphocytes.

Classification of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Urahuvannya symptoms, morphological signs, progress and reactions to the therapy to reduce the onset of ailments:

• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia with good interruption. The sick man's camp is overwhelmed. There is an increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood. From the moment the diagnosis is made, up to a stable improvement of lymph nodes, you can go through a rock or a ten years. It is a good idea to have a good reception and a living way of life.
• Classical (progressive) form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukocytosis build-up in months, not rock. The increase in lymph nodes is indicated in parallel.
• Poohlinna form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Due to the peculiarity of the formation process, leukocytosis with abnormal malformations of leukocytosis is not rapid.
• Cystkovomozkov form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Progressive cytopenia appears during the daytime growth of lymphatic universities, liver and spleen.
• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia due to malignant spleen.
• Chronic lymphocytic leukemia with paraproteinemia. Symptoms of the same form of overwhelming illnesses in the presence of monoclonal G- or M-gammopathy are evident.
• Pre-lymphocytic form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A specific feature of the formation process is the presence of lymphocytes, which reveals nucleoli, in blood smears and cystic marrow, tissue, spleen and lymph nodes.
• Hairy leukemia. Cytopenia of isplenomegaly appears when there is an increase in lymph nodes. With microscopic dosage, lymphocytes appear with a characteristic "youthful" nucleus and "nervous" cytoplasm with grooves, scalloped edges and stubs in the eyes of the hairs or villi.
• T-cellin form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Sponsor in 5% of vypadkiv. Supports leukemic infiltration dermis. Zazvychay shvidko progressє.

There are three stages of clinical stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: pochatkov, rozgornutikh key manifestations and terminal.

Symptoms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

At the earliest stage, the pathology is asymptomatic and can only appear on blood analyzes. With a stretch of deciduous months or rocky in a sick person, lymphocytosis of 40-50% appears for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The number of leukocytes is close to the upper limit. The peripheral and visceral lymph nodes have not improved in the serpentine mill. In the period of infectious diseases, lymphatic universities can grow up for a while, and when they become ill, they change again. With the first acquaintance with the progress of chronic lymphoid leukemia, the growth of lymphoid nodes is becoming more stable, and in some cases hepatomegaly and splenomegaly.

There are a lot of schools and universities in the middle and middle regions. black wastes, Then - in the groin area. At palpation, painless, painless, densely elastic light appears, not welded to the skin and tightly woven fabrics. The diameter of the universities in chronic lymphocytic leukemia can vary from 0.5 to 5 or more centimeters. Large peripheral lymph nodes can vibuhati due to the appearance of a visible cosmetic defect. With a significant increase in liver, spleen and visceral lymphadenopathy, it is possible to prevent the reduction of internal organs, which leads to a decrease in functional damage.

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia tend to suffer from weakness, unreasonable stompidity and lower rate of pregnancy. According to blood analyzes, an increase in lymphocytosis up to 80-90% is indicated. The number of erythrocytes and thrombocytes is lagging in between the norms, in some ailments there is insignificant thrombocytopenia. At the lower stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, there is a decrease in vagi, no sweat and an increase in temperature to subfebrile numbers. Characteristics of the problem of immunity. Ailments often suffer from colds, cystitis and urethritis. Stiffness is promoted to the suppuration of wounds and more often the establishment of gnіynikіv in the pediatric fatty cells.

The cause of the lethal result in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is often important and infectious. It is possible to ignite the legends, which will supervise the decline of the legends and the gross deterioration of the ventilation. In some ailments, exudative pleurisy develops, which can be accelerated by opening or hindering the thoracic lymphatic duct. Another common manifestation of flared chronic lymphocytic leukemia is versatile lichen, which in important cases becomes generalized, licking the entire surface of the skin, and some of the mucous membranes. Similar lesions can be spontaneous in case of herpes and cold sores.

Among the number of happy Chronic lymphocytic leukemia - infiltration of the front of the door-ultkovy nerve, which is supervised by hearing and noise in the ears. In the thermal stage of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, it is possible to promote hypertension of the cerebral membranes, cerebral speech and nerve roots. According to blood analyzes, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia and granulocytopenia appear. The transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in Richter's syndrome is possible - diffuse lymphoid, as it appears to the rapid growth of lymphatic nodes and to the formation of lymph nodes behind the boundaries of the lymphatic system. Until the development of lymphoma, close to 5% of patients live. In those cases, death is caused by infections, bleeding, anemia and cachexia. In people with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, an important nirkov deficiency develops, it is zoomed in with infiltrating nirkov parenchyma.

Diagnostics of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

In half of the cases of pathology, they appear vaguely, with the condition of the drive of the others, or during the planned examination. When staging a diagnosis, scars, anamnesis, data of an objective look, results of blood analyzes and immunophenotypes. Diagnostic criterion of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an increase in leukocyte counts in blood analysis up to 5 × 109 / L in the case of characteristic changes in lymphocyte immunophenotype. With microscopic pre-diluted blood smear, small B lymphocytes and Tin Gumprecht appear, possibly in some cases with atypical or large lymphocytes. Immunophenotyping confirms the presence of clines from aberrant immunophenotypes and clonal.

The stage of chronic lymphocytic leukemia appears at the stage of clinical manifestations of illness and the results of an active examination of peripheral lymphoid nodes. For the folding of the plan of diagnosis and assessment of the prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, carry out cytogenetic dosage. If you are susceptible to Richter's syndrome, a biopsy is indicated. To determine the causes of cytopenia, check the sternal puncture of the cystic brain with the onset of microscopic punctuations.

Likuvannya and prognosis for chronic lymphocytic leukemia

At the cob stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, it is necessary to develop HIV tactics. Patients recognize the skin tightening 3-6 months. At visibility, there is a sign of progress to be surrounded by visuals. Shown before the active lykuvannyaє Increase the number of leukocytes in the blood and more The main method for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is chemotherapy. With the most effective combination of drugs, you can get a dose of rituximab, cyclophosphamide and fludarabine.

In case of an easy interruption, chronic lymphocytic leukemia indicates a large dose of corticosteroids, and a cystic marrow transplant is needed. In patients with severe somatic pathology, intensive chemotherapy and cystic marrow transplantation can be accelerated. In some cases, chlorambucil monotherapy should be given Danium drug available with rituximab. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia with autoimmune cytopenia, prenizolone should be used. Lіkuvannya zdіysnyuyut until I become ill, with the triviality of the course of therapy to become not less than 8-12 months. I will pinch the patient's love for a stable polish. It is indicated for the renewal of therapy, clinical and laboratory symptoms, to indicate the progress of the ailment.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is seen as practically nevilikovna trivially becoming ill with an obvious prognosis. In 15% of vipads, they are susceptible to aggressive progressing with rapid growths of leukocytosis and progressive clinical symptoms. The lethal result for a cycle of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is infused for 2-3 years. In some of them, progress is more important, the average triviality of life at the time of the diagnosis is made from 5 to 10 years. With a good interruption, the term of life can become ten years old. After passing the course of polyphenia, 40-70% of patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia are more likely to develop chronic lymphocytic leukemia;

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia - likuvannya in Moscow

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B-chronic chronic lymphocytic leukemia, witness.

Lymphocytic lymphocytic leukemia B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is a puffiness, as a result of adult B cell lymphocytes, which have passed the stage of maturation in the cystic marrow. This blood clotting manifests itself with such symptoms as lymphocytosis, diffuse lymphocytic proliferation in the cystic marrow, growth of lymphatic nodes, spleen, liver.

B-chronic chronic lymphocytic leukemia is one of the most common types of leukemia in adults. Infection of HLL becomes 3 vipads of infestation per 100 yew. Large population in Rik. Middle age of patients in Russia 57 years. People who are sick are more often than not women. Individuals of the Türkic hikers are even more rarely sick V-HLL. Cei leukemia often settles down both for recessive and dominant type.

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a heterogeneous ailment. Due to the fact that you are sick to the middle of CLL somatic hypermutation of genes, you can think of a variably large lancer Ig (IgVH), you see 2 options for sickness:

• According to CLL with the manifestation of somatic hypermutation of IgVH genes (against a lot of goodness);
• According to CLL with the appearance of somatic hypermutation of IgVH genes (against more aggressive).

On the display of clinical and morphological signs, which include and are indicative of therapy, the onset of CLL forms are seen: good, progressive, puffy, abdominal, splenic, bone marrow.

Does it manifest itself in chronic chronic lymphocytic leukemia?

Acquisition, seemingly chronic lymphocytic or B-cell leukemia is an oncological process, dressings from purchased atypical B-lymphocytes in the blood, lymphocytes and lymphoma in the brain, brains It is the most frequent occurrence of a disease from a group of leukemias.

Cause get sick

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a not safe and most common type of leukemia

Vvazhaєtsya, scho In-chronic chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the main enemy of Europeans in finishing the kidnapped person. People suffer from ailments more often, less women - they have a form of leukemia developing 1.5-2 times more often.

Tsikavo, for representatives of Asian nationalities, who live in Pivdenno-Shidniy Asia, it is practically impossible to get sick. The reasons for this particularity and why people from these countries are so strongly perceived at this point have not yet been established. In Europe and America, among the representatives of the white population, there are a lot of sickness in the Rik to become 3 types of the population.

I will see the reasons for the appearance of the disease of the unfortunate.

A great number of vipads are being restructured among representatives of the same homeland, so that, by the time they are allowed, they can be passed on in recessions and are associated with genetic damage.

The prevalence of the diagnosis of ailments is due to the overwhelming of the teeth in the inflow of the midst, the negative development of the not-so-perfect virobnism of the lack of bureaucrats to date.

symptoms of ailments

CLL - malignant oncological disease

The name B-chronic chronic lymphocytic leukemia may not manifest itself even more than an hour, for the signs simply do not grow respect through blurredness and non-virality.

The main symptoms of pathology:

• Name the signs of ailment in the absence of a motive for a decrease in weight in case of a normal, healthy and to achieve a caloric intake. Likewise, skargi can appear on strong visibility, as it appears literally at the least amount of time.
• At the same time, symptoms of asthenia are manifested - weakness, blasphemy, svidka stomatomy, lack of interest before life, disturbed sleep and normal behavior, inadequate reactions and behavior.
• I am getting to know, on how sick people react to you - the price of the development of lymph universities. The stench can be even worse than the great razmіrіv, gorzіlnenі, which are stored in groups of universities. On a dotted basis, higher education institutions can be soft abnormally, even if the internal organs are slowed down, you can’t be slowed down.
• At larger stages, an increase in the liver and spleen will occur, the organ grows up, it is described as to how severe it is and discomfort. At the last stages, anemia develops, thrombocytopenia appears, growth weakness, zapamorochennya, rapid bleeding.

In ailments with a form of lymphocytic leukemia, immunity is even worse, so the stench is especially strong up to the development of colds and infectious diseases. For reasons of ailment, make sure to pass through it is important, the stench is lingering and practically does not suck.

Three of the active indicators, which can be contracted at the early stages of ailment, can be called leukocytosis. Only for the cim indicator of the purchase with the data of the general anamnesis of the drug can be found pershi signs of ailment and pochay lіkuvati її.

may you expedite

CLL launches are a threat to life!

Zdebіlshogo V-chronic chronic lymphocytic leukemia is even more difficult and does not add to the triviality of life in sick people. In some situations, people are encouraged to endure the progress of the disease, as it is not only the likars' problems that the streams are brought to the stream, but the people who are up-to-date.

In the main, there is a threat to accelerate, to strong weakened immunity. If you have a cold or a light infection, it can be the cause of a severe illness. Transferring such ailments is even more important. At a glance, all of a healthy person, a patient, is suffering from lymphocytic leukemia, even schilic to the point of being sick with a cold, as it can develop even more quickly, against the important form and let it get better.

I can’t imagine seeing the lungs of the undead. Through the weakness of the ailment immunity can rapidly progress and reduce sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis, and others. Especially not safe to carry pneumonia, the stench will greatly weaken the sick and may become the cause of his bend.

Methods for diagnostics of sickness

Blood analysis is the main method for diagnosing chronic lymphocytic leukemia

The name of the sign, ultrasound and computer tomography does not carry any other information. It is also rare to see the biopsy of the cystic brain.

The main methods of diagnostics of ill health are:

• Conducting specific blood analysis (immunophenotyping of lymphocytes).
• Determination of cytogenetic dosage.
• Biopsy examination of the cystic marrow, lymphatic universities and spleen.
• Sternal punctuation, abo the vivchennya of Mієlogram.

The results of the rigidity are followed by the stage of becoming ill. From it, to lay down the vibration of a specific type of treatment, as well as the triviality of the patient's life.

1. Stage A - the number of lymph nodes is more frequent, or there are no more than 2 damaged lymph nodes. The incidence of anemia and thrombocytopenia.
2. Stage B - when there is thrombocytopenia and anemia, there are 2 or more lymphatic universities.
3. Stage C - thrombocytopenia and anemia were registered, regardless of the type of lymphatic universities, as well as of the number of such universities.

Method for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Chemotherapy is the most effective method for the treatment of oncological illness

On the thought of the most recent patients, V-chronic chronic lymphocytic leukemia at the cob stages does not require specific treatment due to mild symptoms and a low level of self-esteem of the sick person.

Intensively reclaiming for a long time in a quiet environment, if an affliction begins to progress and become known in the camp of a sick person:

• With a small increase in number and the size of damaged lymph universities.
• With increased liver and spleen.
• I am diagnosed with an increase in the number of lymphocytes in the blood.
• With growing signs of thrombocytopenia and anemia.

Iakshcho ailments start suffering because of the manifestations of oncological intoxication. Zvychay the price to manifest itself in a swift, unassailable skinny, outward weakness, the appearance of hot stuns and a cold sweat.

The main method of getting sick is chemotherapy.

Until recently, Fludar and Cyclophosphamide, an intensive cytostatic disease, have been successfully victorious at the moment against the formation of lymphocytic leukemia.

A good way to pour on the ailment is the vicorian bioimmunotherapy. They have stagnant monoclonal antibodies, which will allow them to vibrate and reduce cancer of their cells, and keep them healthy. The methodology is progressive and healthy, the quality and triviality of the life of the sick.

More information about leukemia can be found in the video:

Even though all of these methods did not show any good results and the disease progressed, the ailing old man doesn’t need to lose his way, except that he’s victorious high doses of active “blood-making” from the later endured.

In quiet folding vipads, if the patient is suffering from a strong growth of lymphatic universities, or even more, it may be shown that the exchange therapy is in progress. If the spleen grows rapidly, becomes a sore and actually does not show its functions, it is recommended to be seen.

Prevention, yaka additional help to promote life and change risiki

Unimportant for those who have chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cell - not oncologic disease, life with it is possible for more or less normal functions organism and whole life. Ale for tsiy it is necessary to live singing visits:

1. It is necessary to know more about your health and to go for medical help when you have the least adolescent symptoms. It is also possible to help you get sick at the early stages and not be able to spontaneously and uncontrollably develop.
2. So as a disease is strongly associated with the robotic immune system of the sick, you need to maximize the capture of cold and infection of any kind. If there is evidence of infection or contact with ailments, the disease can indicate the presence of antibiotics.
3. For the sake of their own health, it is necessary to unify the potential dzherel of infection, the martyrdom of the great purchase of people, especially in the period of mass episodes.
4. Likewise, the meaning of menace іsnuvannya - is guilty of regularly cleaning up, a sick person needs to pursue the cleanliness of his body, to dress and postulate mischief, so that everything can happen to be a disease of infection. ...
5. Patsієntam z zhvoryuvannyam do not want to go to sleep, get ready to grab yourself from this shkidlivy pouring in.
6. Also, to adapt to the immune system, it is necessary to correctly balance the handling of the great number of Russian and vitamins, the appearance of the long-lasting calls, and the easy-to-use functions in the basic setting.

The patient with such a diagnosis is guilty of intelligence, but this disease is not viral, but it is possible for him to live in a rock, to be healthy in spirit and spirit, clarity of mind and a high level of propriety.

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The change of this part is based on the knowledge and informational character and it cannot and is not itself a public offer, as Art. No. 437 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. It is necessary to provide information on the basis of knowledge that does not replace the situation and consultation with the doctor. Є Proof and possible side effects, consult a professional

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), malignant clonal lymphocytic leukemia, which is characterized by accumulation of atypical CD5 / CD23-positive B-lymphocytes of blood overwhelming

Epidemiology

CLL is one of the most advanced oncohematological diseases. It is also the most common variant of leukemia among the representatives of the European race. Shchorichna sickness to become bl. 3 vipadkiv per 100 yew. Cholovik. The debut of an affliction beckon to be seen in the summer. People who are sick are 1.5-2 times more often for a woman. Ethiological links with carcinogenic chemical phrases and ionizing reactions have not been brought to light. Dexterity is transmitted in recessions (the risk of development of CLL in non-mediated relatives is 7 times in the population). Describes the family of vypadki with evidently high penetrance. For unreasonable reasons, it is rare for the population of the territory of Eastern Asia to grow up. Pre-leukemia - monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis - occurs in 5-10% of people over 40 years of age and progressing in CLL with a frequency of about 1% per risk.

Klinichny show

Characteristic absolute lymphocytosis in the peripheral blood (according to the blood analysis) and the cystic brain (according to the data on the blood test). At the early stages, lymphocytosis is the only manifestation of illness. Patients can show scars on the so-called "constitutional symptoms" - asthenia, increased energy, spontaneous decrease in weight.

Generalized lymphadenopathy is characteristic. The improvement of internal chest and internal lymph nodes appears in ultrasound or radiological conditions, peripheral l / in the available palpation. Lymphatic universities can reach the significant changes, fix the meats or the denseness of the conglomeration. The health of internal organs is not typical.

At greater stages of illness, hepatomegaly isplenomegaly. An increase in the spleen can be manifested as a matter of importance, for discomfort in the lymph node, the phenomenon of early weeding.

For the accumulation of puffy clitins in the cystic marrow and the development of normal hematopoiesis at various stages, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and rarely neutropenia may develop. Tom patients can be prone to weakness, spoilage, petechia, ekhimozi, spontaneous bleeding.

Anemia and thrombocytopenia can also be caused by autoimmune genesis.

Immunosuppression is characteristic of becoming ill, as it is overwhelming. humoral immunity(Hypogammaglobulinemia). Through the tse є schility to infection, for example, recurrent colds.

An unprecedented critical manifestation of ailment can be hyperreactivity on bite comas.

diagnostics

Puffy cells may show the morphology of healthy (malich) lymphocytes: the nucleus is “stamped” with condensed chromatin without nuclei, a large amount of cytoplasm. In some cases, there is a single (more than 10%) house of rejuvenated clitins (prolimphocytes and paraimmunoblasts), as well as a differential diagnosis of proliferative leukemia.

A necessary criterion for the diagnosis of CLL is the adjustment of the absolute number of B-lymphocytes in the blood over 5 × '10 9 / l. ...

Immunophenotyping of lymphocytes by the method of flow cytometry by means of a viscous method for confirmation of diagnosis. In the quality of the diagnostic material, the peripheral roof becomes vicious. For clitins CLL, the characteristic aberant immunophenotype: one-hour expression (coexpression) of markers CD19, CD23 and CD5. The clonal will appear on the dodatok. The diagnosis of CLL can also be made on the basis of the presentation of an immunological diagnosis of a lymphatic university or a spleen.

Cytogenetic dosage is carried out by the method of standard karyotyping or FISH. Zavdannya doslіdzhennya - detection of chromosomal mutations, some of which can predict the significance. Through the possibility of clonal evolution, the endorsement is guiltyly repeated before the skin line therapy and in the development of refractoriness. Caryotyping in CLL is the presence of mitogens, fragments without stimulation are rarely necessary for the analysis of a number of metaphases. Interphase FISH in CLL does not lead to the loss of mitogens and becomes more sensitive. In the course of analysis, locus-specific mites are detected, which allows the detection of del17p13.1, del11q23, trisomy 12 chromosomes (+12) and del13q14. Most of the chromosomal breakdowns that occur in CLL are:

60% of vypadkiv and associate with a friendly prognosis

Screening of hemolytic anemia through a high frequency of autoimmune acceleration in CLL is necessary to be advised when there are obvious clinical manifestations. It is recommended to conduct a direct Coombs' test, according to the number of reticulocytes and the value of the ratio of fractions to bilirubin. If cytopenia is evident for clarification of the genesis (specific lesion of the cystic brain or autoimmune acceleration), then it is necessary to receive a sternal puncture.

Routine physical insight allows you to make up enough evidence of clinical dynamism, and some of the ills to be systemic in nature. Determination of ultrasound and computer tomography for assessment of internal lymph nodes does not obviate the posture of clinicians.

stadijuvannya

Vikoristovuyutsya system and stage, proponated by K.Rai and J.Binet. They have a picture of the natural plinth getting sick - the act of accumulating plump mass. The prognosis of patients at lower stages can be better, lower at the front.

lykuvannya

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is nevilikovnym, however, slowly progressing (indolent) ailments.

Likuvannya not to fix immediately after confirmation of diagnosis. The enchantment can be secured by the stability of the rock, in one stretch of the life of the ailing one. Often, there is a tendency to overstep the period of increase and decrease in the amount of fluff. Decision about the need for a cob of therapy to get used to it for a period of more and more trivial caution.

Shown for a cob of lіkuvannya formed in special recommendations. The stench depicts a picture of active progression of ailing, how to bring a sick and ill life to the death of the medical camp.

Due to the systemic nature of the disease, radio therapy in CLL does not become stagnant. The standard of therapy and chemotherapy regimes with the inclusion of nucleotide analogs, alkylating drugs and monoclonal antibodies.

One of the most effective modes is “FCR”. Vin allows you to correct the remission again in approximately 85% of patients with a low group of rhizik.

Actively see the possibility of storing in the therapy of the alkylating drug bendamustin.

Resistance to cytostatics, as a rule, is summed up by the breakdown of the mechanisms of apoptosis in the result of the loss of DNA in the cells of the puffin. Most of the types of TP53 mutations that can be produced before it is activated. Clitins with p53 activated do not move when the genome has accumulated. Moreover, mutations, induced by cytostatics, can give such clients an additional benefit for the activation of oncogenes or the activation of anti-oncogenes. Thus, mutagenesis, induction by cytostatics, can be the driving force of clonal evolution.

Patients with resistant interruption in the Danish hour have high doses of corticosteroids, alemtuzumab (English) Rus. (Monoclonal antibodies up to CD52), modes, revenge, and also halogenic TCM.

Conducting intensive chemotherapy and BMT in young people may have an accelerated somatic status and the manifestation of serious fellow patients. In a group of people with illnesses, chlorambucil is often vicious, or a combination on the basis of it.

New drugs (lenalidomid, flavopiridol, oblimersen, lumiliximab, ofatumumab) and combined modes on the basis of this, in this hour to pass the conclusion of the stages of clinical viprobuan. Great potential for the development of internal signaling - CAL-101 (Ingibitor delta isoform PI3K) and PCI (Ingibitor of Bruton's tyrosine).

The number of new experimental approaches to CLL therapy is also significant, and the efficiency and safety of such approaches has not yet been established.

forecast

The prognosis is somewhat hospitable, ill health can be trivial without progress. Median of vision at the moment of setting the diagnosis reaches 8-10 years. However, in some of the ailments, leukemia is mildly aggressive. There are a number of factors that allow predicting the results and triviality of life, including

1. The presence of a sign of somatic hypermutation in the genes of variable fragments in the immunoglobulins of the B-cell receptor
2. Victorian formation of V-genes in the structure of the B-cell receptor (for example, V H 3-21)
3. Rivne express tyrosinkinazi Zap-70
4. Riven expression of surface marker CD38
5. Chromosome mutations del17p, del11q
6. Rіven beta-2-microglobulin in syrovatz blood
7. Rai and Binet stage
8. The hour of subduing the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, etc.

Pukhlinna transformation, with a clone of a clone, they swell new characteristics, which are similar to diffuse great lymphoma, I will call it Richter's syndrome. Forecast in case of manifestation of transformation in the region of unpleasantness.

Div. also

Notes

1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/Hallek M, Cheson BD, Catovsky D et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a report from the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia updating the National Cancer Institute-Working Group +1996 guidelines. Blood. 2008 Jun 15; 111 (12):. Epub 2008 Jan 23
2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/KR Rai et al. Clinical staging of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 1975 Aug; 46 (2): 219-34.
3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/JL Binet et al. A new prognostic classification of chronic lymphocytic leukemia derived from a multivariate survival analysis. Cancer. +1981 Jul 1; 48 (1):.
4. Likas, who become stagnant with leukemia, may be a waste in the fight against disseminated sclerosis

posilannya

• Pathological anatomy. Course of lectures. Pid ed. V.V.Surova, M.A.Paltseva. - M .: Medicine, 1998.

і membranes to the brain

Genes of puffy suppression Oncogene Stages of Grades Carcinogenesis Metastasis Carcinogen Pre-treatment Paraneoplastic phenomena ICD-O List of oncological terms

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 rock.

You can also see "Chronic lymphocytic leukemia" in the following dictionaries:

Lymphocytic leukemia Chronic - honey. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by a small increase in the number of adult lymphoid cells in the blood, lymphatic universities, diseases, and liver diseases. Dzherelo pukhlini klitina is a successor to lymphopoiesis. Genetic aspects. Zahvoryuvannya maє ... ...

chronic lymphocytic leukemia - (l. chronica; synonym of chronic lymphoid leukemia) L., morphological substrate of such ideas in the main lymphocytes ...

Chronic myloleukemia - honey. Chronic mylocytic leukemia (CML) is characterized by the proliferation of monocytic and granulocytic cells in the presence of increased leukocyte counts in the peripheral blood up to 50x109 / in food. Krym segmented neutrophils smears ... ...

chronic lymphoid leukemia - (l. lymphoidea chronica) see Chronic lymphoid leukemia ...

Protypuchlinna - I prototype lykarski zasobi, Vikoristovuvanі for lіkuvannya pukhlin. Stagnation in oncology of lykarski so that a cytotoxic effect can be brought on, or to induce the proliferative activity of chubby cells ... ... Medical encyclopedia

Leukozy - (leucoscs; Greek Leukos biliy + ōsis; synonymous with leukemia), a disease of plump nature, which protested against the vitality of normal blood cells: vermilion from the blood cells of the cystic marrow. Disease of L. neonakova in children ... Medical encyclopedia

LEUKEMIA - honey. Leukemia (leukemia) systemically ill blood, which is characterized by the substitution of normal cystic carcinoma hematopoiesis proliferation of less differentiated and functionally active cells of early successive cells of the leukocyte row. ... ... Dovidnik s ailment

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a progressively advanced oncological disease of blood and cystic marrow, as a result of accumulation and / or proliferation of clonal morphologically mature lymphocytes. Classification of the nature of proliferating clonal cells ... ...

Leukemia - - puffiness from the blood-forming cells, which is the enemy of the cystic brain against the damage of normal blood cells, as well as from the organisms and tissues. The state leukozy is characterized by the increase in the number of blasts, or leukemia, "young", clitin in the cyst ... ...

leukemia - a; m. leukos beily] Honey. = Leukemia. Ailments for leukemia. L. vilikovny. ◁ Leukemia, a, e. L. ailments. * * * Leukemia (leukemia, blood clotting), puffiness of the blood-forming tissue, of the lesions of the cystic brain and of the normal ones ... ...

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leukozy chronic

chronic myol leukemia

Chronic malleukemia (CML) is a mildewed puffin, which is changed in the early stages of a polypotent cell in the middle, the proliferation and differentiation of which to produce before the expansion of the hematopoietic paroxysm, present It is observed that it is granulocytic, as well as thrombocytic and erythrocytic parietals of the cystic marrow. The most widespread leukemia in the warehouse is 20% of all matured and 5% of all child hematological malignancies. Chi does not appear as a racial man in a state of illness. A role has been brought to the test in the diagnosis of the disease of the ionizing infection and of the other exogenous mutagenic officials.

Pathogenesis. At the same time, even the earliest cells are in front of a translocation t (9; 22), before the appearance of the so-called "philadelphian" chromosome and the mutant gene bcr-abl, which is the code of cells p210, by the authorities. Expansion of Ph-positive cells in the cystic marrow, peripheral blood and extramedullary areas is not so high in proliferative activity, because of the expanded pool of granulocytic stimuli, which have absorbed some regulators It can lead to the destruction of cytokines and suppression of normal hematopoiesis. The period when the granulocyte falls into chronic granulocyte leukemia is transformed into a normal granulocyte 10 times.

Three clinical stages of chronic myloleukemia are developed.

• 1st stage, fired. In peripheral blood, neutrophilia, granulocytes of all stages of maturation, eosinophilia, basophilia appear. The platelet count is normal. Blastiv 1-2-3%. The cystic brain is rich in cell elements from the re-cultivation of elements in the granulocytic row. There may be an increased number of eosinophils, basophils, megacaryocytes.
• 2nd stage, transited. In peripheral blood, there are changes in the place of immature forms (promielocy 20-30%); basophilia. Thrombocytosis, before - thrombocytopenia. Blastiv - up to 10%. In the cystic marrow - multicellularity, bends of the granulopoiesis of the granulopoiesis, increase in the number of promyelocytes, the change in blasts is close to 10%.
• 3rd stage, thermal, vlady crisis. Thrombocytopenia is evident, appearing in the peripheral blood more than 10% of indulgent blast cells. In the cystic marrow - destruction of granular lobe, change of blast growth, eritropoiesis and thrombocytopoiesis are caused.

The process can be extended to the liver, spleen, and in the terminal stage of damage it can appear as a tissue. In a clinical transition of chronic myloleukemia, they see a flared up and a terminal stage. On the ear of the crooked stage in a sick person's scarg, the spleen, a warehouse of peripheral blood of changes, has not been improved or slightly improved.

In tsіy stadії dіagnoz mozhna vstanoviti Shlyakhov analіzu "nevmotivovanoї" Nature neytrofіlny leukocytosis Zi zrushennyam in formulі to mієlotsitіv i promyelocytic, viyavlennya іstotno pіdvischenogo spіvvіdnoshennya leukocytes / eritrotsiti in kіstkovomu mozk i "fіladelfіyskoї" Chromosomes in granulocytes krovі that klіtinah kіstkovogo mozk. In the trepanate of the cystic marrow, already in the whole period, as a rule, it tends to increase the amount of fat from myloid tissue. The stage can be raised in the middle of 4 rock. With the correct therapy, the ailments tend to become supportive, stink of courtesy, lead an extravagant way of life with outpatient care and treatment.

In the terminal stage of chronic chronic leukemia, rice is infused with malignancy: temporal fever, Shvydko progressing visnennya, b_l in kissts, thinness, growth of spleens, stoves, some of the growth of lymph universities. For the whole stage, the characteristic appearance and growth of the growth is a sign of the diagnosis of normal hemopoiesis - anemia, thrombocytopenia, hemoragic syndrome, granulocytopenia, accelerated infection with non-infectious diseases.

We appreciate the hematological familiarity with the terminal stage of chronic myloleukemia є the acute crisis - the growth of blast cells in the cyst and the blood (some of them are often non-differentiable). Cariological in the thermal stage is greater than in 80% of cases, aneuploid clones - blood-forming cells - appear, in order to revenge an abnormal number of chromosomes. The triviality of the life of ailments in the whole stage most often does not change 6-12 months.

Laboratory and instrumental methods of cleaning.

• Rozgornuty blood analysis.
• Treyanobioisia from the aspirating cystic brain and further cytogenetic preliminaries; Assess the cell warehouse, stages of fibrosis, carry out cytochemical follow-up and flow cytofluorimetry.
• Cytogenetic dosage of peripheral blood and cystic marrow clin, with the possibility of additional specific tests up to bcr / au.
• The value of the pool phosphatase (it is reduced) of neutrophils of the peripheral blood.
• Ultrasonic examination of organs in the worms empty (pechinka, spleenka, nirki), in case of severe injuries - biopsies with the onset of immuno-stochastic illnesses. Tse allow for the importance of the breadth and weight of the pukhlini.

Likuvannya. Therapy for chronic leukemia is repaired from the moment the diagnosis is established and should be carried out on an outpatient basis. In the chronic phase of ailment, the disease is corrected for a decrease in leukocytosis and leukemic infiltration of organs. Consider hydroxyureas at a dose of mg / kg vagi / day or busulfan (myelosan) at a dose of 4 mg / day until the reduction of leukocytosis and changes in organ infiltration is eliminated.

In the open stage, busulfan therapy is effective at a dose of 4 mg / day (if leukocytes are equal to 1 μl, it is prescribed to 6 mg / dob). Likuvannya should be carried out on an outpatient basis. If busulfan is ineffective, you can combine it with hydroxyurea and cytarabin, however, the effect is not great. With significant splenomegaly, it is possible to carry out an assessment of the spleen. One of the new drugs in the treatment of chronic myloleukemia is alpha-interferon. The prescribed dose of 5-9 mln OD three per day n / a, i / c or intramuscularly even more hematological remissions in 70-80% of patients, and cytogenetic remissions in 60% of patients.

During the transition to the process in the thermal stage, the combination of cytostatic drugs becomes stagnant for the treatment of gostrich leukemias: vincristin and prednisolone, cytosar and rubomycin. At the ear of the thermal stage, myelobromol is not very effective. Good early results in the treatment of both Ph-positive chronic myloleukemia, as well as severe lymphoblastic leukemia with translocation t (9; 22), eliminated with a vicious new generation drug - Ingibitor bilka p210, mutant The transplantation of the cystic marrow is carried out in children younger than 50 years in the first stage of the disease, in 70% of cases it is carried out until the age of death.

Perebig, forecast. At the same chemotherapy, the average triviality of life becomes 5-7 years. Death in chronic myloleukemia infusion in the period of a blast crisis from infectious accelerated and hemorrhagic syndrome. The triviality of life, the development of a blast crisis, is rapidly changing 12 months. The prognosis is infused with the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome and the sensitivity of the disease before therapy. Vikoristannya alpha-interferon suttuvo zmіnyu forecast of ill health in the beautiful. In the advanced stage, therapy is carried out on an outpatient basis.

Lymphocytic leukemia of mature cells (chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphocytomy, hairy cell leukemia, etc.)

Before them, cysts and extraosseous lymph swelling are introduced. The stench can be confirmed by blast cells (lymphosarcoma) and adult lymphocytes (mature cell leukemias, lymphocytes, or lymphocytomas). All lymphatic fluffs grow fallow from their belonging to the B-or T-lymphocytic row.

Chronic B-cell lymphocytic leukemia

Chronic B-cell lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) good-natured pukhlina s CD5 positive B-cytin, which is the primary enemy of the cystic brain. Vstanovleno scho B klіtini hronіchny lіmfoleykoz mozhut Buti yak LOADING (antigen-nezalezhnoї stadії diferentsіyuvannya - to somatichnoї gіpermutatsіya) so i іmunologіchno zrіlimi (pіslya diferentsіyuvannya in zarodkovomu tsentrі prohodzhennya somatichnoї gіpermutatsіya i) in ostannomu vipadku perebіg zahvoryuvannya bіlsh dobroyakіsny. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is characterized by an increase in the number of adult lymphoid cells in the cystic marrow, blood, lymphatic universities, diseases, and liver diseases. The ailment is not eagerly small in character.

The frequency of illness is varied in rural geographic regions and ethnic groups, albeit ailing people are mostly sick, B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia becomes close to 25% of all leukemias, which occur in summer. The child is ill-fated casuistry. In young people, the disease is more often (but not necessarily) more important. People who are sick are more often than not women.

Pathogenesis. Chromosomal aberration occurs in cells at the level of CD5 positive interceptor, even up to trisomy 12 chromosome, or to structural damage 11, 13, 14 or 16 chromosome. Є hypothesis that in immunologically mature Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, expression of the CD5 antigen is activated in the course of differentiation of CD5 cob negative chilly clines. Pathological cells are differentiated until the level of recirculation of B-lymphocytes (for immunologically immature B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia) or B-cell memory (for immunologic lymphocyte disease) Normal cell analogs are characterized as long-lived, active, mitotic passive V-cells.

The onset of a subtype of genetically unstable lymphocytes can lead to the appearance of new mutations and apparently new biological powers, tobto subclones. It is clinically manifested in the appearance of symptoms of intoxication, transformation into chronic lymphocytic leukemia in malignant and aggressive lymphoid fluff, sarcoma or Gostry leukemia, Scho sposterіgaєt in porіvnyannі withіnіh lіmphomi rіdko - in 1-3% of vypadіv. The ailment is in some form of supravolume by the appearance of a secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin type IgM or IgG.

Classification. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is subdivided into a number of independent forms, which develop after a clinical change, the localization of the main puffiness, and the morphology of cells. The forms of ailments are seen both for the programs of treatment, and for the triviality of overcoming the ailments. I see good, progressive, puffy, splenic, prolymphtric, abdominal and bone marrow forms.

Klinichna picture. Syndrome of lymphadenopathy - an increase in lymphatic nodes in the upper half of the body (mainly shiiny, supraclavicular and inguinal, doughy consistency), spleen, liver. The division of organs and small groups of lymphatic universities is accompanied by a kind of "instinct budenku" klitin puhlini. In blood - absolute leukocytosis from healthy lymphocytes.

Often accelerated - autoimmune hemolytic anemia. With a lot of nagoloshua easy zhovtushn_st, Retik lotsitosis, positive Coombs' test, razdratuvannya red parostok cystovymus. Autoimmune thrombocytopenia with antithrombotic antibodies and petechial bleeding is more common. Even more rarely accelerated - autoimmune agranulocytosis. Parts of bacterial, viral and fungal infections on aphids of hypogammaglobulinemia. In ailments, it is often more common to see swings and infiltrative reactions to mosquito bites.

A good form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In the blood analyzes, the leukocytosis grows more severely, less often on the protesters 2-3 years (but not months). Lymphatic universities, spleen can be normal size, or slightly improved; consistency is elastic; rozmіri rocks do not waver. The size of plump lymphocytes, the shape of їх is round or oval. The kernel is rounded or oval, roztashovane, as a rule, the spike is eccentric. Chromatin is homogeneous, razdіlenіy svіtlimy borozy, cytoplasm is not wide, svitlo-blakytna. Characteristic vognischevny type of growth of chubby in the cystic marrow (additional sign).

Differential diagnosis is carried out with a progressive form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Singing vidomosti about being reborn into an evil chubby is dumb.

Progressive form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. It is so to mend itself, as a good form. Unimportant to gain good self-esteem, the size of lymphatic universities and leukocytosis grows by month. The first to invite to grow shiin and supraclavicular lymphatic universities, sometimes - pakhvov; the consistency is dough. The spleen can not be palpated, or slightly improved, in the general development it grows.

Cytological characteristics: the chromatin of condensations, of the yogi breast, according to the magnitude, appears as such in the segment-nuclear neutrophils, dark zones and alternating with light - "mountains and valleys" of the geographical picture. Trepanobiopsy shows diffuse or diffuse-interstitial growth of the swelling in the cystic marrow. Rebirth into a spiteful puddle in 1-3% of vipadkiv.

Poohlinna form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Characteristics are even greater, as the establishment of large conglomerates of lymphatic universities, which additionally assists in differentiating the form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia from progressive lymphocytic leukemia from the mantle zone. The first to grow shiin and groin lymph universities. Leukocytosis, as a rule, is not high (up to 50 thousand / μl), a build-up of a stretch of tension or months. The type of chubby growth in trepanate is diffuse. In smears of the cystic marrow, pukhlin is represented by healthy lymphocytes. In lymph nodes, pukhlin is represented by diffuse growths of the same type of cells with light kernels. In children of lymphatic universities, the substrate of chickens becomes lymphoid cells of the type of lymphocytes and about lymphocytes. The frequency of degeneration into a malignant pukhlin is not vivified.

Abdominal form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A clear picture and the dynamics of analysis in blood to form a chubby shape, albeit on the side of the month and rocky growth of chin, which is often surrounded by lymph nodes through the lymph nodes. Once the spleen is drawn in. Trepanate has diffuse proliferation. The abdominal form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is differentiated from other forms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and lymphosarcoma. Singing vidomosti about the frequency of degeneration into sarcoma.

Splenic form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Lymphocytosis of the outgrowth by stretching months. The spleen is signi fi cantly improved, schilna (with normal or slightly decreased lymph nodes). The type of chubby growth in trepanate is diffuse. The splenic form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is differentiated from lymphocytoma (“lymphocytic leukemia”). Singing vidomosti about the frequency of degeneration is not.

Prolimphocytic form of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In blood analyzes, low lymphatic leukocytosis. A blood smear has a proliferation of blood smears. The spleen grows up, the lymphadenopathy is less. Prolymphocytic form Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is monoclonal secretion (slime - IgM). Differential diagnosis is carried out with the T-cell form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (immunophenotyping is required).

Cystkovomozkov form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (even worse form). Substrate swelling in trepanate representations of diffuse growth of adult lymphocytes with homogeneous nuclear chromatin, increase (or even increase) turn into normal cystic brain. Qia form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is characterized by rapidly progressive pancytopenia. Lymph nodes are not improved, spleen, as a rule, not improved. Degeneration into sarcoma is not described, the immunophenotype is not inoculation. The course polychemotherapy for the VAMP program allows you to complete the remission.

Signs of malignant degeneration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Malignant degeneration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is most often manifested by the proliferation of great atypical cells in lymphatic universities, selezintsi, pechintsi, shkiri and in. In smears-slide from such vognisches, one can see a roughly anaplated puffy clitine, often from a fibrous, or granular, or homogeneous, or more - blast structure of nuclear chromatin. At the same time, the main lymphocyte oil in the blood and in the cystic marrow can become morphologically mature.

Bigger variant of malignant degeneration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia - appearance in the cystic marrow and blood of blast cells with atypism and polymorphism. In case of malignant degeneration, chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an effect of monotherapy, and intensive polychemotherapy is supervised, as a rule, depriving the frequent and non-trivial changes in the mass of pukhlin.

• Zagalny blood analysis: leukocytosis, absolute lymphocytosis. The number of lymphocytes can be transformed in a few drops / l. Lymphocytes are small, rounded form, cytoplasm is vuzka, weakly basophilic, nucleus is rounded, chromatin is large.
• Characterized by the sign - tini Botkina-Gumprecht (napivanovan nuclei of lymphocytes). Stroke with rocks can build up normocytic normochromic anemia. The most frequent accelerated chronic lymphocytic leukemia is autoimmune degradation of erythrocytes, thrombocytes (even more rarely granulocytes). Reticulitis, thrombocytopenia are susceptible to circulatory disorders in the blood. Hvorі zhovtyanichnym.
• Mylogram: lymphocytosis, in case of autoimmune hemolysis - enlargement of the scarlet duct.
• Trepanobiopsy: Infiltration of the cystic brain behind the interstitial or diffuse type in the fallowness of the clinical variant of the ailment.
• Serological dosage. With autoimmune hemolysis - direct Coombs' test is positive, with autoimmune thrombocytopenia - anti-thrombotic antibodies appear.
• Immunophenotyping (all pererakhovanі vische formi). Other antigens in B lymphocytes (CD79a, CD19, CD20 and CD22) are pooled cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia express CD5 and CD23 antigens. Characterized by a weak expression of superficial IgM, SIgD + / CD10 antigen in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is NOT expressed.
• Immunoassay analysis of blood, slaughter. Often it is lowered for all classes of immunoglobulins. In some cases, there is a secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin, often of the IgM type.
• Cytogenetic analysis of downy clitins. The genies of immunoglobulins are clonally overwhelmed. In half of the cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the trisomy of the 12th chromosome (+12) or deletion 13q (dell3q) appears. At four vipadkіv visas, translocation begins, they receive 14q32 or business llq. Some of the vipadks have 6q and 17r business deals. Cytogenetic damage (especially +12, delllq, 6q and 17p) may appear in progress and sarcoma transformation. +12, dell lq і del17p є signs of a nasty forecast, dell3q, navpaki, prognostically friendly.

Diagnosis primed on key donations - improved and groin lymph universities, doughy consistency. With leukocytosis, mensh / μl of intoxication is mute. Zagalny blood analysis - absolute lymphocytosis with typical morphological characteristics of lymphocytes, such as Botkin-Gumprecht. Lymphocytosis of the cystic marrow for these micrograms, interstitial or diffuse type of growth in trepanobioptate. Characteristic immunophenotype of chubby clitins. Revealing of typical cytogenetic porosities.

Likuvannya. Khvoroba Nevilikovna with modern methods. In case of good form, only caution is shown, periodically (1 time in 3 6 m / s) control blood analyzes are carried out. The criterion of a "spoky" overcoming of ailments is a trivial period of leukocyte submission, the appearance of lymphadenopathy. Shown to the ear of lymphoma є: an increase in leukocytosis of up to 100 TOV / μl, an increase in lymphatic universities, hepatosplenomegaly, autoimmune phenomena, more frequent and severe lymphatic morbidity.

Glucocorticoids in case of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia are contraindicated;

Alkyl drugs (chlorbutin, cyclophosphamide) become stagnant in progressive, puffy and prolymphocytic forms. Chlorbutin priznachayut vseredin 5-10 mg 1-3 times per day. Cyclophosphamide zasosovyut in the middle of the day; course dose 8-12 m

Fludarabin (known as an analogue of purines) has high activity in case of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, it is not easy to produce up to trivial remissions in sick people with severe progressive and plump forms. Yogo stasis in the presence of an effect on the use of chlorbutin, failure to repair the drug in case of autoimmune phenomena. In case of splenic form - splenectomy with increased consumption of fludarabin in a dose of mg / m2 w / w for 30 minutes 5 days after; number of courses 6-10.

In case of stiffness to alkylating drugs, take polychemotherapy for the COP program, including cyclophosphamide 750 mg / m2, vinchristin 1.4 mg / m2 (not more than 2 mg), prednisolone at a dose of 40 mg / m2 for 5 days. The second polychemotherapy regimens - CVP (vinblastin 10 mg / m2 instead of vincristin), CHOP (+ doxorubicin 50 mg / m2). The remaining scheme is stagnant at the vipadki of the malignant puffiness of the puffin, the aleeffect is not great.

Splenectomy is indicated for autoimmune acceleration, which does not stop the signs of glucocorticoids and chemotherapy, as well as by the vibration method for splenic form. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia. I will look at the severity of such ailments, infectious diseases, and a large number of important infections, when capsule-forming flora are affected, it is recommended to vaccinate with an antipneumococcal vaccine in advance.

Promeneva therapy can be stagnated for the optimization of the spleen (in case of intractability or deafness of splenectomy in generalized forms) and massive lymphadenopathy. Vikoristovutsya yak palіative method at the lower stages of the ailment.

High-dose therapy with a wide range of auto- or allotransplantation of the cystic marrow can be carried out in somatically susceptible diseases of the disease, which are younger due to factors of bad prognosis (multiple chromosomal damage, disease progression, the importance of autogenous disease) The cause of death of ailments is practically dependent on an important infectious delay, for the pathology is not associated with B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

hairyclinny leukemia

Pancytopenia is characteristic (anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia). It is not often from the very ear of the ailment that it is intoxicated. Lymphocytosis is small. The spleen, as a rule, is smoother, lymphadenopathy is mute. The type of chubby growth in trepanate is diffuse. Substratum swelling in blood smears and cystic marrow is large (12-15 microns) rounded or incorrectly formed lymphoid cells with characteristic virost cytoplasms. The cytoplasm is light-gray, wide. Perinuclear enlightenment throughout the day, the core is often centralized. The structure of the chromatin is insignificantly erased. Characterized by yaskrava, diffuse cytochemical reaction to acid phosphatase, but not overloaded with sodium tartrate.

Hairy leukemia degenerates into sarcoma in about 10% of cases. About malignant degeneration to reduce the appearance of atypical cells in the blood and cystic marrow. In the first vipadas at the earliest effective therapy the growth of the spleen is growing or there is a progressive growth of one group of lymph universities. Reversion into sarcoma of hairy-leukemic leukemia is stiff to all types of leukemia.

Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics. Puffy cells express local Po-cell antigens (CD79a, CD19, CD20 and CD22). Characterized by strong expression of antigens CDllc and CD25, as well as FMC7 and CD103. The remaining is the greatest value for differentiation of hairyclinic leukemia from other mature cell lymphatic fluffins. The genies of immunoglobulins are clonally overwhelmed. In 40% of vypadkіv appear inversion (inv), deletion abo trisomy 5th chromosome, derivative (der) llq. In 10% of cases, there is an inversion or a deletion of 2q, a derivative of a deletion of 1 q, 6q, 20q. In a large number of VLVs, positive serological reactions to the antigen T-lymphotropic human virus type II (HTLV-II) begin.

Likuvannya. The main drugs that are used in the treatment of VKL are alpha-interferon and an analogue of purine supplements 2-chlordeoxyadenosin (2-CDA, leustatin), which are later used in most cases. In case of splenomegaly swelling with hypersplenism syndrome, splenectomy is performed before the signs of chemotherapy.

Lymphome z klitin mantiynoy zoni

Lymphoma from the cell of the mantle zone (LKMZ) is stored in the CD5-nozitin B-cells of the mantle of the secondary follicle of the lymphatic university. Ailments in the main room. Characteristic lymphatic leukocytosis (wake up), generalized lymphadenopathy, liver and spleen abnormalities. As a rule, there are symptoms of intoxication. The consistency of lymphatic universities is also the case with progressive forms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (dough).

The visibility of polygons in the localization of healthy lymphatic universities: with lymphatic lymphomas of the mantle zone and the stench grows more importantly at the upper part of the school, due to the gap (which is practically non-chronically unstable in case of lymphoma) The lack of evidence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is hyperplasia of the dysplasia. Frequently, the mucous membrane of the slurry is also infiltrated, as well as the intestine. In the form of a biopsied lymph node, pukhlin is represented by lymph cells, some of which are characterized by a granular structure of nuclear chromatin.

On the cob to the process in the histological preparation, it is possible to grow the mantle, cells, which often make incorrect parallel rows. In the process of progression of pukhlin, the swelling diffuse type of growth. Protect at some stages of sarcoma transformation in the vicinity of the puddings can be taken from the mantle. The type of growth in trepanate is focal-interstitial. Lymphoma from the clit of the mantle zone often appears at the stage of evil degeneration, as with a lot of pudding it is assumed to be 100% of the population.

Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics. Puffy cells express local Po-cell antigens (CD79a, CD19, CD20 and CD22). Expression of CD5 antigen is also characteristic. The CD23 antigen in case of lymphoid lymphoma from the mantle zone and from the daytime, which additionally helps to differentiate puchlin from chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In 70% of vypadkіv diagnostically translocation t (11; 14) appears, yak to produce before gene transfer PRAD-1 / CCND-1, but the code block is the promoter of the cyclin D1 cyclin cycle, to the locus of the important lancer Ig gene on chromosome 14. Cyclin-Dl translocation translocation. Half of the vipads have delllq, dell3p, derivative (der) 3q. +12, del6q, dellp, 9p and 17p, start at 5-15% of the range.

Likuvannya. Khvoroba nevilikovna with the use of modern methods, I can progress unhealthily, malignant interruption. The average triviality of the life of such ailments does not exceed 5 years. Revealed results are given for the consumption of high-dose therapy with the onset of halogenous or autologous transplantation of stovburic blood cells, or the cystic marrow, ale Danish method lіkuvannya maє znimnі obmezhennya, tied with every patient and congenial somatic pathology.

lymphocytoma of the spleen

Lymphocytoma of the spleen People of the middle age are sick, women are often more often choloviks. Typical low lymphatic leukocytosis, not altered by rock, normal or slightly improved, and more - inguinal lymph nodes of elastic consistency, all prices are at the same splenomegaly; lymphocytosis with a wide cytoplasm, homogeneous nuclear chromatin and characteristic light-colored bears.

Trepanate has vignische proliferation. Approximately four types of spleen lymphocytomas show the secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin (often IgM). Splenectomy, as a rule, allows you to reach the bagatory polyphenia, stabilize the process and bring remissions.

Lymphocytoma of the spleen degenerates into sarcoma in about 25% of cases. The peculiarity of lymphosarcoma, which has developed with splenic lymphocytes, is a possibility of rejection of trivial, often repeated remissions (chickpea is highly sensitive to change, so before polychemotherapy).

Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics. Puhlinnі klіtini pozitivnі of the pan-B-klіtinnim antigen CD79a, CD19, CD20, CD22, does not carry antigenіv CD5 i CD10 (scho vіdrіznyaє їh od lіmfotsitіv lіmfomi of klіtin mantіynoї Zoni i tsentrofollіkulyarnoy lіmfomi vіdpovіdno) mayutsya strongly ekspresіyu poverhnevih іmunoglobulіnіv IgM i in menshіy мірі, IgG. IgD is NOT exported. The genes of immunoglobulins are clonally overwhelmed. In half of the vipads, trisomy 3 chromosomes appear, in the number of vipads, +18, de17q, derlp / q, der8q appear.

Lymphocytoma of a lymphatic university

Lymphocytoma of a lymphatic university (even a small form) shows signs that it is in front of a form, ale the spleen of small sizes. It is characterized by hundreds of changes in one (partly) lymphatic university. Through its originality, the form is not implanted. The immunophenotype is identical to the lymphocytoma of the spleen. The genes of immunoglobulins are clonally overwhelmed. Some of the vipads show +3, derlp / q, +7, +12, +18.

Lymphocytomy of non-lymphatic organs, lymphocytomy of the mucous membrane (lymphocytomy of the marginal zone and MALT-type) of the slunk, ileocecal cut of the intestine, legends and in.

In the biopsy of a damaged organ, lymphocytic (more diffuse) lymphocytic infiltration, from the house of plasma cells and monocytoid B-cells, lymphoepithelial cells appear. Infiltration can be changed without the need for an average user. With a malignant degeneration, the puffin іnfiltration expands to the puddle ball, sprouting and myase, and with puffiness of the organs shlunkovo-intestinal tract- і serous membrane.

At a good stage, in a smear-test, chuckle is represented by healthy lymphocytes without signs of atypism and polymorphism, the house of plasma cells is developing. Lymphocytoma may supravodzhuvati secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin (lymphocytoma of the shlunk - part of IgM, lymphocytoma of the ileocecal cut of the intestine - IgA).

Typical pomilka is the diagnosis of lymphosarcoma, it is enumerated in the appearance of a vidbit, which, in case of lymphocytoma, clearly demonstrates a monomorphic mature cell lymphocytic warehouse, and in case of lymphosarcomia - blast cellitis with polymorphisms. Malicious degeneration of lymphocytes in non-lymphatic organs vivcheno is rotten. In case of lymphocytomas, the slunker, which developed on the infection of Helicobacter pylori, may only cause a local character and do not germinate before the mucous ball, antibacterial therapy can produce an onset of up to 70% of the ailments.

Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics. On-site antigens CD79a, CD19, CD20 and CD22 begin. Antigens CD5 and CD 10 Do not express yourself. Immunological indications of lymphocytomy of the spleen are often expressed as surface IgD and CD23. The genies of immunoglobulins are clonally overwhelmed. A third of the ailments have a translocation t (11; 18) (q21; q21), which is diagnostic. As a result of translocation, a mutant CIAP2 / MLT gene, which regulates apoptosis, is established. In a small number of vipadkiv (<10%) определяется t (l;14)(p22;q32), приводящая к переносу гена MUC1 в локус генов тяжелых цепей иммуноглобулинов и его гиперэкспрессии. В части случаев обнаруживают +3, derlp/q, derl4q, +7, +12, +18, +Х, +8q, +11 q, del6q, del17p, моносомию 17-й хромосомы.

lymphoplasmic leukemia

Lymphoplasmic leukemia Characteristic pomirny lymphatic leukocytosis. The diameter of chubby clitins is about 12 microns. The kernel rots eccentrically. The structure of the nucleus is the same as in lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cytoplasm with fioletovym vidtinkom without viral perinuclear education (nagaduє plasmotsit). Qia puhlina often supravoduzhuetsya secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulin.

Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics. On-site antigens CD79a, CD19, CD20 and CD22 begin. Often, the expression of the CD38 antigen is strong in the power of plasma cells. CD5 and CD10 antigens in total. Puffy cells express surface and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins, evoke the IgM class. The genes of immunoglobulins are clonally overwhelmed. Half of the types of tests start with t (9; 14) (pl3; q32), which is diagnostic. As a result of translocation, the PAX5 transcriptional regulator gene is transferred to the locus of important immunoglobulin lancers and overexpressed genes, so that transcription is deregulated.

Centrofollicular lymphoma

Ailments, it is important, matured. Expanded in the United States and the provinces of Western Europe, in Russia it is growing more, in Japan in the country it is rather rare. Characteristic is the lesion of lymphatic universities, spleen, cystic marrow. Splenomegaly is characteristic (not indifferent). In a biopsied lymph university, the growth of follicles is not only in the cortical, but in the cerebral zone. Foliage may have an irregular shape, size, vuz'ku mantle, in which there are non-swollen lymphocytes. A pathologist often interprets this picture as "reactive lymphadenitis". Lymphonic clitini are rewarded at the video bit. Mossy and diffuse growth of clitin in a lymphatic university. Centrofollicular lymphoma, as a rule, is leukemic early. Rebirth into a sarcoma in a large vipadkiv.

Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics. Puffy cells express local Po-cell antigens (CD79a, CD19, CD20 and CD22). Expression of CD10 antigen and surface immunoglobulins (IgM +/-, IgD> IgG> IgA) is characteristic, CD5 antigen is NOT expressed. In the process of malignant degeneration of centrofollicular lymphoma, the expression of the CD 10 antigen can be known. The genes of immunoglobulins are clonally overwhelmed.

Chuckleaf is characterized (occurring in 90% of cases) translocation t (14; 18) (q32; q21), when the gene regulator of apoptosis BCL-2 is transferred to the locus of the genes of important immunoglobulin lants, which is caused by BCL-2. Yogo expression on the cells of the follicular center is important for differential diagnostics with reactive follicular hyperplasia, splinters before the end of the BCL-2 on lymphocytes to the center of the follicle during the day. Four ailments start with t (3q27). In the course of progression and sarcoma transformation, there may be + 7, del6q, del17p, t (8; 14) (q24; q21). Remaining two cytogenetic damage є are also markers of the nasty prognosis of ailments.

Likuvannya. In case of low volume in histological and cytological preparations of great sarcomia clytin and daily symptoms of intoxication, monochemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, chlorbutin, flurarabin and Vepesid, and polytherapy In case of an increase in morphological preparations of great transforming cells, therapy is carried out according to the CHOP program, in an hour before the whole scheme, preparations of a monoclonal anti-C020 antibody (rituximab, Rituksan, mabthera) are given, the frequency of remission is close to 100%.

During the 6th and 8th courses of polychemotherapy, exchange therapy is carried out in the region, or according to a subradical program. In case of splenomegaly swelling, splenectomy should be performed before the cob of chemotherapeutic treatment. In the remission of ailments, alpha-interferon is recognized, which is truly a triviality of remission, a home and a relapse-free vision of ailments.

When predictive nespriyatlivogo perebіgu hvorobi (Virage іntoksikatsіya, generalіzovanі urazhennya, large domіshka great sarcoma klіtin in gіstologіchnih i tsitologіchnih preparations anemіya, trombotsitopenіya, a temple rіven LDH bіohіmіchnomu analіzі krovі, a temple prolіferativny іndeks Ki-67 has danimi іmmunofenotіpіrovanіya, kompleksnі torn down karіotipu) in order to reject the first remission, to carry out high-dose chemotherapy with the onset of auto- or allotransplantation of stovbury cells.

Macrofollicular lymphoma of Brill-Simmers

Ridkisna form. You can grow lymph universities in several groups, the consistency is elastic. Innocent and spleen. In the histological preparations of lymphatic universities, many can be seen, approximately the same size of news of light follicles. The foliage grows like a cerebral, as well as a cerebral speech, with a wide center of follicles growing rapidly, and the mantle is thinned. In the class of lymphatic universities and spleens, they re-ferment cells of the type of lymphocytes and pro lymphocytes. The blood of specific serpents is dumb.

The good stage can be 8-10 rocky, but then the chuckle may even be reborn into sarcoma. Navigate to the sarcoma stage, if atypical lymphoid cells are taken over in biopsy video beats, the nodular type of growth is most likely to occur. Immunophenotype and cytogenetic impairment in macrofollicular lymphoma not being vaccinated.

T-cellina lymphoma shkiri - ailment Cesar

It is local, but rather diffuse hyperaemia, peeling and growing of shkiri (syndrome of exfoliative erythroderma). Characteristic large itching, pigmentation of the shkiri is not readily indicated. Hair on dilyankas vipadayut stripes. In biopsy urazhenoi shkiri in the upper spheres of the dermis, diffusion is visible, which confirms the formation of the formation of lymphocytes; in the form of a shkiri - mature lymphocytes with characteristic large nuclei (clytini Cesar). In case of leukemia (there may be no time), cells also appear in the blood and in the cystic marrow. Qia puhlina often turns into sarcoma. One of the signs of degeneration is the formation of atypical lymphoid cells in the blood and cystic marrow and the suppression of normal blood formation.

T-cell lymphoma of shkiri - fungal mycosis

The dissection of shkiri with mushroom-like mycosis is characterized by great polymorphism: from the great angry beaches and psoriasis-like plaques to the reddish-cyanotic swollen growths, not often from the central depression. Remain can reach the significant changes. Hair on urazhenih dilyanka shkiri vipadaє. Khvorikh inodі turbu sverbіzh. In the biopsy of urazhenoi shkiri, one can see the growth of lymphoid cells, which expands with a succinic ball both on the surface, and on the glibocytes of dermis, so that they can create nests interspersed in the epidermis (microarray). Degeneration into sarcoma is possible, the frequency has not been specified.

Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics of Cesar ailments and fungal mycosis. Puffy cells express the original T-cell antigens (CD2, CD3 and CD5). In most cases, the CD4 antigen (T-helper) is expressed, but the drops on the expressed CD8 antigen are rare. The CD25 antigen is NOT expressible. The genes of the T-cell receptor are clonally awakened. Monosomy of chromosome 10 (-10), as well as non-clonal destruction of lpll, 1p36, 2p11-24, 6q, 17q, 14qll, 14q32, llq, 13qll-14H9q, are indicated in 20-40% of types.

Likuvannya. In case of fungal mycosis, topical applications of mustargen ointment, photochemotherapy (PUVA), high doses (up to 18 million OD per dose) alpha-interferon and analogs of purine peptides (pentostatin) are used. Obnadіlivі results otrimanі in the presence of the drug retinoic acid and targretin, as well as the cytostatic guanin-arabinoside (Ara-G).

According to klіtinnі lіmfomi shkіri

Ridkisny and nasty vivcheni form. Derma and pediatric cells of the blood cells are infiltrated. Shkira over the infiltrates is not changed, but there is a cherry-chervony or a cyanotic vidtinok. In order to prove the nature of the chickens, it is necessary to have immunogastrophysical dosages. In biopsies, the growth of chubby cells grows all kinds of dermis, expands into the nursery cells. Growth in nodular type of growth and the appearance of follicles (even more normal form). According to their classifications, children are leukemized.

Zvvychay zhvoryuvannya small, chronic interruption. Immunophenotype, cytogenetic peculiarities, frequency of emerging peculiarities of malignant degeneration of non-vivification.

Likuvannya. The analogs of purines become stagnant - fludarabin, leustatin and pentostatin, however, it is a sign of ailment at the early stages of ailment, which is characterized by only nodular manifestations, it is insufficient. A number of vipads have a good effect on the intake of drugs in alpha-interferon and photochemotherapy (PUVA), tonic chemotherapy with cytostatic ointments (mustargen ointment). Є occasionally about the loosening of the chubby after being rolled with anti-C020 monoclonal antibody preparations (rituximabu, mabthera, Rituksan).

Chronic leukemia from great granular lymphocytes (T- and NK-cell type)

Clinical manifestations of chronic leukemia from great granular lymphocytes are most often associated with granulocytopenia and associated with repeated infections. Pukhlinnі klіtini demonstrate a freewheeling morphology, as I gave the name to the disease. Characteristic pomirny lymphatic leukocytosis with absolute neutropenia. For T-cell disease, anemia is characteristic, intermittent, partial red cell aplasia (PCA), small splenomegaly (for NK-cell form, splenomegaly is uncharacteristic). Lymphadenopathy and hepatomegaly are rare. Frequency and particularity of malignant degeneration is not vivification.

Immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics. T-cell type: CD2 +, CD3 +, CD5-, CD7-, CD4-, CD & 4CDl & f, CD56-, CD57 + / NK-cell type: CD2 +, CD3-, CD4-, CD & 4 - / -, CD16 +, CD5 & 4 - / -, CD57 + / With T-variants, the genes of the T-cell receptor are clonally overwhelmed. With NK-cell type, trisomy 7, 8, X chromosomes, inversion owners 6q, 17p, llq, 13q, lq may appear.

Likuvannya. A good effect in case of T-cell type of leukemia is splenectomy with further signs of immunosuppressant cyclosporin A.

B-cell vognischeva bone marrow lymphatic proliferation, which protects against the syndrome of partial red cell aplasia

Childhood forms, which are characterized, on one side, by the PACA syndrome (important anemia, the appearance of a low level of reticulocytes in the blood and epithelial cells in the cystic marrow) Lymphadenopathy, spleno- and hepatomegaly during the day. Immunophenotype, cytogenetics, frequency and particularity of malignant degeneration of non-vivification. Likuvannya is not broken up.

T-cell leukemia, which contradicts the picture of aplastic anemia

Characteristics of normochromic normocytic anemia, glibac thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. Infections may be debutuvati hemorrhagic syndrome. Trepanate has a fatty cystic brain, megakaryocytes practically do not develop. In the vicinity of the fields, there may be seen one by one, small growths of proliferation from other lymphoid cells with nuclear chromatin homogenous to the black color. Puncture of the cystic brain is even worse.

In the middle of the elements of the cystic brain, the lymphoid cells are clearly intertwined with homogeneous nuclear chromatin; In the world of growing chickens, there are a lot of residual growths. The number and size of proliferates in the cystic marrow also increase. In the kintsevo rakhunka, atypical cells enter the shelter - the pukhlin is leukemic. On the cob stage, the differential diagnosis should be carried out for aplastic anemia. Immunophenotype and cytogenetic peculiarities are not vaccinated. Likuvannya is symptomatic. In a number of cases, splenectomy allows for a ten hour change in the rate of hemorrhagic syndrome. The program of anti-malignant therapy has not been broken up.

Mature cell lymphatic chickens with great eosinophilia

Symptoms of the cob stage of congestion nonspecific. Most often, the main reason for the poisoning before the drug is intoxication. Eosinophilic leukocytosis (can be reached) in the blood, from hypochondrium to promyelocytes. The absolute number of these forms of blood elements can become normal. In the trepanate, it is evident that the hyperplasia of the hyperplasia is rotated for the growth of eosinophils, the fat of the vitamins.

The main mass of clitin in the punctate of the cystic marrow is to form eosinophilic granulocytes at the early stages of maturation, in some cases - one by one blast form. When you look around, you will see the growing, groin and groin lymph nodes. On the vidminu of V-classy chickens, for which it is more characteristic of the growth of high-class lymphatic universities, with the T-cell lymphatic, with the great eosinophilia of the same type of lymphatic in the approximation of all groups. Splenomegaly is not common.

In some cases, only a spleen, in some cases, for a long time, there was a lot of organopathology. The power of chickens is great eosinophilia can supervise severe lesions of the heart: prostate endocarditis (Leffler's endocarditis) and myocarditis, which will add a lot of eosinophilia to other coronary artery disease. Striking the heart often leads to the development of progressive, refractory heart failure.

Ridkisnim and in the most important accelerated eosinophilic encephalopathy, accompanied by leukocyte Stasis and vasculitis of the brain. Symptoms of eosinophilic encephalopathy can be headache, low febrile condition (sometimes the temperature rises to febrile digits), but a build-up weakness, memory loss, central paresis and parallel

To establish a diagnosis, a biopsy of a lymphatic university is required. When the spleen is isolated, splenectomy is shown. In vipadkah, if the spleen is only a small chubby, splenectomy can be used as a liquid infusion. At mature cell stages in histological preparations and in smears-biopsy samples, diffuse growth of lymphoid cells with solid homogeneous nuclear chromatin is seen.

At the stage of sarcomia, in biopsy specimens, and in smears-swabs, atypical lymphoid cells are transfected. Pukhlina can be found in sarcomia, as well as at mature cell stages (in the rest of the way, being reborn into sarcoma, it is promoted in the term from decile moths to decile rocks). The final illness of eosinophilia can be known. Immunophenotype of non-vaccinations (mabut, more forms of T-cells). Cytogenetic features of the abnormalities. The development of polychemotherapy programs give a time-efficient effect.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a good chillin, which accumulates from adult atypical lymphocytes, which accumulate not only in the blood, but in the cystic brain and lymphatic universities.

At a time of illness, when one is considered to be a group of non-Hodgkin's lymphocytes, a seizure is close to a third of all leukemias. According to the statistics, chronic lymphocytic leukemia is often observed in people of 50-70 years, young people are suffering from it in the region.

Causes of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

At the moment, sprazhnі cause the development of ill health. In fact, they were not able to bring the prevalence of lymphocytic leukemia in the form of aggressive officials in the midst of the colony. Let's take the moment to get into the decline of schism.

Classification of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

It is a sign of a fallacy, a dignity and response to the human body's organisms to the therapy, they see the onset of options for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia with good interruption

The most attractive form of getting sick, progressing is more povilne, maybe even more rocky. The leukocyte growth rate is increasing, the lymphatic nodes become normal, and the patient has a certain way of life, the robot and the activity.

Progressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia

The growth of leukocyte growth in blood and growth of lymphatic universities. The prognosis of becoming ill in such a form of unpleasantness, accelerated and lethal inheritance can develop to a high degree.

chubby uniform

Significant improvement in lymphatic universities is supervised to increase the level of leukocytes in the blood. Lymphatic universities, as a rule, do not suffer ailments when they are coated and only when they reach great growths, they can suffer natural discomfort.

Cystkovomozkov form

Pechinka, spleen, and lymphatic universities become non-perishable, only snakes are spared from the side of the blood.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia due to malignant spleen

For such leukemia, as the name implies, it is characterized by a decrease in the spleen.

Pre-lymphocytic form chronic lymphocytic leukemia

A specific feature of the formation process is the presence of lymphocytes, which reveals nucleoli, in blood smears and cystic marrow, tissue, spleen and lymph nodes.

hairyclinny leukemia

I will call it the form of becoming ill because of the fact that a chubby clitine with "hairs" or "villi" appears under the microscope. Cytopenia is indicated, to reduce the level of the main cells or form elements of the blood, and the reduction of the spleen. Lіmphatic vuzli zalishayutsya with tsyom non-ruinous.

T-cellin form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

One of the ridkіsnyh forms of becoming ill, is subdued to shvid progress.

Symptoms of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Zakvoryuvannya protokє in three last stages: the cob, the stage of horny clinical manifestations and terminal.

Symptoms of the cob stage

On the given stage of becoming ill in a large number of vipadks is pricked, so that it is asymptomatic. Number of leukocytes in Zagalom analizі blood is close to normal, and the level of lymphocytes is 50%.

The first reference sign of becoming ill is a style of growth of lymphatic universities, liver and spleen.

The first, as a rule, to fight the groin and shiin limfouzli, step by step to draw the vuzli into the black empty and in the groin area.

Great lymph nodes, as a rule, are painless with palpation and do not experience severe discomfort, rather than natural (with great sizes). Growing up in the size of the stove and spleen can affect the internal organisms, damaging the etching, sequencing, and a number of other problems.

Symptoms of the stage of acute clinical manifestations

At the given stage of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, it is possible to prevent disease and weakness, apathy and decrease in fertility. Patients jump on a bright little pite, chills, a slight increase in temperature and no reason for a decrease in vagi.

The level of lymphocytes is not well-developed and reaches 80-90%, with a large number of blood cells becoming invisible, in some cases, thrombocytes decrease.

Symptoms of the terminal stage

As a result of the progressive decrease in the immunity of patients, they often get sick for colds, they suffer from infections sectional systemі gnіynikіv on shkіrі.

Important legends, which are supervised by a dizzy deficiency, generalized herpes infection, nirkova deficiency - the axis is far from being a secondary transition to a slower pace, but to suffer from chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

As a rule, most importantly, many illnesses become the cause of a lethal result in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Likewise, the causes of death can be caused by a lack of blood loss and bleeding.

Decreased chronic lymphocytic leukemia

In the thermal stage, the deterioration of the auditory nerve is suppressed, it can cause damage to hearing and continuous noise in the ears, as well as the reduction of the cerebral sheaths and nerves.

In some cases, chronic lymphocytic leukemia transforms into the first form - Richter's syndrome. For becoming ill, it is characteristic of the development of progress and the establishment of pathological signs of the posture of the lymphatic system.

Diagnostics of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

In 50% of cases of congestion, it appears vividly when blood analysis is given. If a patient is sent to a consultation with a hematologist and special treatment.

In the world of development, there is an old informative analysis of a blood smear, in which it is called “leukocyte crushed”, for example, Botkin-Humprecht (the name of Botkin-Humprecht).

Likewise, biopsies of lymphatic universities are carried out with additional cytology, discarded material, and immunoassay of lymphocytes. The detection of pathological antigens CD5, CD19 and CD23 is invaded by a reliable acquaintance of disease.

Stage of improvement of the liver and spleen at ultrasound examinations additional help to the stage of development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a systemic disease, due to the exchange of therapy in this disease does not become stagnant. Lykarska therapy includes a vicarystannya decilkoh group of preparations.

hormones corticosteroids

Corticosteroids should drive the development of lymphocytes, which can cause problems in complex therapy chronic lymphocytic leukemia. But in the Danish hour, the stench stagnates, so it’s poured over with a great number of serious delays, so it’s worthwhile to think about the results of the week.

alcoholic preparations

Cyclophosphamide is among the most popular alkylating agents in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Having shown good efficiency, it can also provoke a serious acceleration. Stagnation of the drug is not easy to lead to a sharp decrease in the level of erythrocytes and thrombocytes, which can lead to important anemia and bleeding.

Alkaloids barvinka preparations

The main drug in the group is Vincristin, blocking rospodil cancer cells... The drug can be used for a number of side effects, such as neuralgia, headaches, arterial vise, Hallucinations, ruining sleep and losing sensitivity. In important vipadkas, they are susceptible to judgments, or parallels.

anthracycline

Anthracyclines are preparations with a subordinate mechanism of action. On one side, stink the DNA of cancer cells, wickedly and bend. On the other hand, there are some radicals who try to destroy the same. Such an active injection, as a rule, will help you to obtain gargant results.

However, the intake of drugs in the group is not fast enough for the patient heart-vascular system at viglyadі the broken rhythm, deficiencies and induce myocardial infarction.

analogs of purines

The analogs of purines are antimetabolites, which are used in communication processes, and destroy normal interruptions.

In the case of cancer stench, the stench blocks the establishment of DNA in the cells of chubby, and then gallows the processes of growth and reproduction.

Naivazhlivisha perevaga of this group of drugs is relatively easy to tolerate. Likuvannya, as a rule, gives a good effect, with a whole patient not suffering from serious side effects.

monoclonal antibodies

Preparations, which are applied to the group of "monoclonal antibodies", are used for the given moment the most effective ways for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Mechanism of їх dії polyagaє in that, when invoked antigen and antigen clitin, the signal will be canceled before death and guinea.

I am not safe to become the least effective, the most important for the reduction of immunity. i'm closing high risik diagnosis of infections, right up to generalized forms in viglyadi sepsis. Also, it’s possible to work only in special clinics, sterile wards and minimum information. In the minds of the patient, it is recommended that it is not only the middle of the hour of therapy, but two months of completion.