Features of the mucous small intestine. Bad gut - Budova, functions, getting sick

Slizova saber, tunica mucosa, the small intestine of the matt oxamitic viglyad is seen to cover the number of intestinal villi, villi intestinales. The villi are the outgrowths of the mucous membrane, up to 1 mm, close, like the rest, cylindrical epithelium and in the center there may be lymph sinus and blood capillaries. The function of the villi - wetness living talk They are aware of the infusion of gut, pancreatic and intestinal juice, which can be seen as intestinal looses; with a lot of blood and carbohydrates, soak on the venous vessels and pass the liver control, and fat - on the lymphatic ones. The number of villi is the greatest in empty intestines, deeper and thinner. Crum etching in the empty intestine, in the middle of the urinary tract. Look in the microvilli, visible only under the electronic microscope and to reveal the ferment herbs.

In the mucous membrane of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, there is a significant increase in the appearance of the appearance in the transverse folds, called circular folds, plicae circulares. The folds are stored only from the mucous membrane and the mucous base (the tunica muscularis does not take care of them) and by the same design, since they do not know how to move when the intestinal tube is stretched. Circular folds are not the same in all small intestine folds.

In addition to the circular folds, on the mucous membrane of the two-fingered intestine є later folding on the ear itself, in the region ampulla (bulbus) and later plica longitudinalis duodeni, roztashovana on the medial station of the lowest part; plica longitudinalis duodeni can see the roller and end with a papilla, papilla duodeni major... on papilla duodeni major the bile duct of the stove and the vivid duct of the subshlunkovaya zalozi are opened by one gallbladder opening. Tsim explain the name of the expansion (ampoule) not secretly before the vykhidny opening of the duct - ampulla hepatopancreatica... Proximally to the papilla duodeni major there is another papilla of the lesser for the size - papilla duodeni minor(On the new one is seen an additional duct of the subsoil zone).

Along the slice of the small intestine, as well as how it will be shown below, there are a lot of rosettes in the mucous membrane, which do not go into the small intestine, there are numerous small simple pipe parts, glandulae intestinales; the stench vid_lyayut intestinal sіk. In the twelve-fingered intestines, most importantly in the upper half, the most common type of salmon is glandulae duodenales, Які на відміну від glandulae intestinales rozstasovuyutsya in a pidlizovy basis. Behind the stench of budova, it is similar to the pyloric vines of a slunk. In the small intestine there is a lymph apparatus, a service provider for foreign affairs of high schools and microorganisms. Wine performances by single follicles, folliculi lymphatici splitarii, І їх purchased - group lymphatic follicles, folliculi lymphatici aggregati.

Folliculi lymphatici solitarii spraying out all over the small intestines in the eyes of the blue-eyed children of the grain. Folliculi lymphatici aggregatiє only in ileum. The stench can be seen in the sight of flat, dystopian plaques, the late diameter of which is lost from the late bowel. The stench roztashovuyutsya on the sides, protylezhn_y to the place of attachment to the gut of the breech. The initial number of group lymphatic follicles is 20 - 30. In the lymph apparatus of the small intestine, there is also a biological (internal) overtraction.

M'yazova obolonka, tunica muscularis, according to the tubular form of the small intestine, it is stored in two balls of myocytes: the last - late and internal - circular; the circular ball of accusations is more beautiful, less later; myazova shell at right up to the lower end of the intestine is old. If you look at it, right away from the yakim, beyond the late and circular balls of the muscles, in the last (circular) ball and the spinal muscles of the fibers, by means of pulses to set up an uninterrupted ball of the spinal muscles. The speed of the muscular fibers is of a peristaltic character, the stench is lasting widened right up to the lower end, moreover, the circular fibers sound enlightened, and later, quickly, they sprinkle the widening (distally from the speeding fibers). Spiral fibers suck in peristaltic holes distally along the axis of the intestinal tube. Speedy in the opposite direction is called anti-peristaltic.

Arteries of the small intestine, aa. intestinales jejunales et ileales, be like a. mesenterica superior. Duodenum gnaw at aa. pancreaticoduodenales superiores (s a. gastroduodenalis) i s aa. panereaticoduodenales inferiores (for a. mesenterica superior). Venous blood flow along the same veins is seen in v. portae. Lymphatic judges are lymphatic in nodi lymphatici coeliaci et mesenterici (Div. Rozdil about the lymphatic system).

Innervation of the autonomic nervous system. In the intestine, there are three nerve plexuses: sub-serous, plexus subserosus, myazo-intestinal, plexus myentericus, and submucosal, plexus submucosus.

For a nice way, you will feel pain; peristalsis and secretion change. N. vagus due to peristalsis and secretion.

Furrows and lesions of the upper lateral surface of the great brain. Values of VA Ben in the development of measles cytoarchitectonics in the brain.

Upper-lateral to the surface of the pivcule divided into parts for help three furrows: lateral, central and upper end of the temporal furrow, Yak, perebuyuchi on the medial side of the pivkul, fixing a notch on the upper edge.

Lateral beard, sulcus cerebri lateralis, repair on the basal surface of the pivule from the lateral fossa and then switch to upper lateral surface, Straight back and trochi uphill. It will end approximately at the boundary between the middle and rear third of the upper lateral surface of the pivucleus. At the anterior part of the lateral furrow, enter two small heads: ramus ascendens and ramus anterior, Scho straight in the frontal part.

Central boron, sulcus centralis, fix on the upper edge of the pivot, a bit backwards out of the middle, and go forward and down. Lower Kinets central furrow not to reach the lateral furrow. Dilyanka pivkuli, which is located in front of the central furrow, is carried to the frontal lobe; a part of the cerebral surface, where to lie behind the central furrow, to become a temporal part, as behind the additional rear part of the lateral furrow, to be adjacent to lie below early part. back cordon time to serve tim'yano-potilichnoy furrows, sulcus parietooccipitalis, Roztashovanoi on medial surfaces pivkuli, ale tsya mezha nepovna, it is called boron not to enter far on the upper-lateral surface, in addition to which the part of the time passes without a second into the potilichna. The rest of it is also not easy to see, as I saw it along the way of the recumbent part of the country. Everywhere along the line, guessed sections are carried out piece by piece for an additional line, tim'yano-tilichnoy furrows to the lower edge of the pivkule.

The skin part is stored in a number of zivins, I am called in the context of the mission small pieces, Yaki are surrounded by borozy cerebral surfaces.

The laws of the formation of internal secretions. Parathyroid glands, їх topography, blood flow and innervations.

Thyroid salmon, glandula thyroidea, nayvazhlivіsha zalosis of the internal secretion in an older person, grows wider in front of the trachea and on the larynx larynx, lays down to thyroid cartilage, Zvidki і has renounced its name. Stock up two biches, lobi dexter et sinister, і isthmus, isthmus, Lying transversely and from the bottom to the bottom of the bichny parts between themselves near the bottom of the edges. From the isthmus to enter into a thin ridge, which I will name lobus pyramidaiis, Yakiy can go to the pid'yazikovoy kistka. The upper part of the small part of the part goes to the last surface of the thyroid cartilage, the lower ridge is attached to the cartilage, and from the bottom of the stench it reaches the fifth - the most important ring of the trachea; the isthmus of the posterior surface of the slope to the other and the third trachea ring, reaching from one of its upper edges to the cricoid cartilage. The posterior surface of the part sticks out from the throat and the strand. The name of the surface of the thyroid gland of the opucleus, internal, is turned up to the trachea and larynx, excluded. ahead thyroid gland cover with a shkіroy, a child's cells, fastsіє shia, so yes zalozі znіshnyu capsule, capcula fibrosa, and meats: mm. sternohyoideus, sternothyroideus et omohyoideus. The capsule has made it possible to put the sprouts in the fabric, which are added to the small pieces to be stored in follicles, folliculi gl. thyroideae, Scho to take revenge on the coloid (in the iodine storehouse of iodine speech).

In the case of the gut, there is another name - empty. So the name of the won was taken away, so the pathologist for an hour should know that it was empty.

What about the organ?

The small intestine is roasted into the small intestine. Surrounded by two sides by two fingers and a club. Dovzhina can reach 3 meters. To lie there in a loop: from the middle part of the abdomen to the navel area and to the club hole. The position slings horizontally, a little more and mows, and in the clubhouse - vertically.

Intestine villi.

in the first, the diameter is larger (from 4 to 6 cm, and in the club - from 3 to 3.5 cm);
plutayuchi maє bolsh tovstu stinku and bolsh chervoniy kolіr;
її mucus to take revenge a large number of folds and villi.

Empty a thin gut can be made from 4 warehouses:

Slime shell. It is stored in a cylindrical or prismatic type in one ball. In the її basis there is a submucosal і plate with mucous membranes. The surface of the given shell of oxamite. There are folds in the form of keel and intestinal villi. In total, there are close to 700 folds in the small intestine, the cutaneous fold is close to 5 cm, and the height between the gaps is 8 cm. The bowel may have increased the fold, which will help to improve the appearance of the empty intestine in case of surgical involvement.
Intestine villi.
They present mucus vipinnya in the form of fingers. Do not smell the pid-slizovy base. In total, the small intestine is close to 5 million. It’s possible to be able to see how deyak’s speeches are motivated when accepting їzhі (for example, bіlkіv and fats). An empty intestine of such villi is close to 35 per 1 square mm. The skin of them is to take revenge in its own warehouse of judgment - blood-bearing and lymphatic. With the help of this, meshes of sudins and nerves are established. The hormone vilikinin is a quest for їkh robot. A cylindrical epithelium in one ball covers the skin of the villi. Yogo cellini - epitheliocytes, enterocytes and enteroendocrine. Before the functional conditions of the villi, more cleavage and wetting of the villi can be used instead of enzymes.
Pidslizova basis. Wonderful for a twelve-fingered intestine and a bad ear. There is no laziness, which vibrates the intestines and mucus.
Column z m'yaz_v. It is stored out of meat fibers - late and circular. Changes to the minds of the minds have poured into the middle of the life and further away from the change.

Є One more shell is serous. A price list of a queue, a service ukrittyam for an empty intestine and a suspicious club. Establishing a breech is a fold, for the help of which the small intestine creeps to the back of the abdomen.

Yak manifest pathology, tied with a thin intestine

With the thin intestines of the people of dressing, the process of etching. They have to retrain to a simple kind of warehouse components, and to repair the process of getting wet. Rise of pathology of the organ is often manifested by the same symptoms. When diagnosing all ailments, they are called the same - a syndrome of tying with damages.

Signs of illness do not lie in the past. Call the stench like this:

deterioration of defecation;
gurgling in the empty stomach;
flatulence;
I have a pain in the stomach, especially in the navel area, or right-handed, not fast - with a spoon.

Inodi at the patient's winikak diarrhea. Most of all. Sickness skarzhitsya rozpirannya z the middle. Quiet more gas waste. If there is a spasm in the intestines, then the people see even more pain.

In addition to intestinal symptoms, there are signs and symptoms. It can be a waste of vagi, burning of a language and an empty company (through a marriage of vitamins), a thrash in a company, a lack of hemoglobin, dryness at a rot, a small part of a waste of a zoru. On the tili of the patient there are often sints. The cysts become screaming, screaming in frequent fractures and pains. Women are awaiting from menstrual problems, And the choloviks are of the empowerment. Repair the hair, and dry the hair.

The name of the ailment is stored in 2 Latin words, which means the inflamed small intestine. Zestrіuvannya to be found in two options - chronically fired i gostre.

Gostru form wiklikayut:

The name of the ailment is stored in 2 Latin words, which means the inflamed small intestine. Zestrіuvannya to be developed in two options - chronic zapalennya and gostre.

Gostru form wiklikayut:

pathogenic infectious agents;
engaging in alcoholism and overwhelming alcohol;
toxins and bran (for example, mushroom bran);
an allergic reaction to a number of food products (it can be either roslinna їzha or tvarinna).

Chronic form fired up to vicious reasons:

regular fringing with speeches instead of phosphorus or lead (call it this way on a lusty virobnistvі);
injecting vipromynuvannya from іonіv;
post-allergy to the product, regularly get used to, even an unbearable patient;
nadmirne vzhivannya lykarsky zasobiv for їх trivialy priyom.

When the mucus of the empty intestine is ignited, it swells and ignites. At the moment, it is not possible to visit your robot in the etching system.

gostra uniform manifest itself more and more chronically. The patient has a strong bloating, diarrhea, gurgling in the empty stomach. grow step by step zagalne nezduzhannya, Vistupaє cold pit due to weakness. The temperature starts to move, the sick start is a bit of a fever. If the vipadok is important, then there is a lot of intestinal bleeding.

at chronic form tormenting a sick person is more violent in the belly, feeling rooting, nudota. All the time to manifest itself zvvychay pislya їzhі.

Clarify the diagnosis, the drug step-by-step viklyuchaє ailments with similar symptoms: typhoid fever, inodi influenza. Nourishing the sick, fakhіvets z'yasovuє character zapalennya - allergic abo toxic. Bagato showing the analysis of blood and feces.

In important forms, there is a likeness in a lykarna. A drug course is recognized in the presence of ailments. In case of a toxic one - promising and pernicious, in case of an infectious one - leaks, good fight against pathogenic microorganisms.

How much pathology is possible

The small intestine is not very flexible. You can choose from a variety of decorative types:

nonspecific;
idiopathic;
peptic;
trophic;
round.

enterologdoma.ru

Budova stinok organ

blues;
ossalgіі (boli in cistes);
gratitude;

nonspecific;
idiopathic;
peptic;
trophic;
round.

Symptoms of malnutrition are similar to those of a slurry. Call me the sufferer. Zahvoryuvannya is a fiery slime with a great number of twists and turns. Vinnikє is such a strike through the ailments of the shlunkovo-intestinal tract, often not vilikuvanih. Such, for example, yak candidiasis tract. The viciousness has been adjusted to the activity of swirling in the juice of the slurry, and gradually implanting the lakes.

In frequent drops, the twist does not manifest itself. Diagnose in progress prompt engagement the drive be-like accelerated pathology.

The patient with cym diagnosis is carried out therapeutically in the hospital.

Folding the shape of the bend in the form of surgical engagement.

Still one zvoryuvannya, which is not so often seen, ale tim not mensh, little use - chubby. Mainly goodness new, Ale buvayut and evil.

If the pukhlin grows in one moment, then the intestinal enlightenment sounds. Symptoms when there is a lot of gut laxity: flatulence, flatulence, bluishness. As the chubby grows all over the intestines, then the patient is thinner, the new one is less prone to undercutting, the intestines cease to chew and overtravel.

Likar, having discovered a new solution, indicates a way of liking: surgical operation or chemotherapy.

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Budova stinok organ

The walls of the small intestine may cause Trisharova Budov: tse serosa, myazova and mucous membranes. Serosa sheath was obtained from the underlying meat sheath for an additional downy with good fabrics, Subseral basis.

Myazova sheath is represented by a lasting ball of late straightened smooth oily fibers, and an inner ball with a circular straight fibers. The mucous membrane is represented by an epithelial cover, under which lies a mucus plate of mucus and a mucous base.

The surface of the mucous membrane is folded. Folds straight circles. The inner lining of the intestine is a small number of significant statements: intestinal villi, intestinal crypts (zalosi), lymphatic follicles.

The function of the villi of the small intestine is the moistening of old-fashioned speeches, which underwent over-etching in the frontal portions herbal tract... If the gut is bad enough to take revenge on the least amount of villi, then the stench is thinner and better. The function of the intestinal etching is to pick out microvilli, rots on the surface of the intestinal epithelial cells. Microvilli vibrate special enzymes, so they break down to the simplest components.

Intestinal folds increase into the rectal surface of the small intestine. In їkh established take care of the fate and the basis. The folds do not disappear when the intestines are stretched. Pidlizovaya basis of the small intestine in its products to avenge one and the same lymphatic follicles. The stench reaches the surface of the mucus. In the case of children, many follicles are bought up, all the stinks show the disinfestation and the bar'ernu function. On the whole protrusion of the small intestine, it is possible to avenge the simple tubular parts of the mucus, as it does not reach the mucus ball. Tsi zalozi viroblyayut intestinal sіk.

Pathology of the small intestine and small intestine

Small intestine anesthesia may cause symptoms for all pathologies small intestine at the people. All signs can be combined under one syndrome of malabsorption (loss of moisture). Call a sick person symptoms of dyspepsia, gurgling in the abdomen, flatulence, abdominal distension, supravodzhuyutsya pain along the intestines, partial carry.

The style of the part is up to 6 times for the dobu, feces Remove non-etched surpluses. Until the evening, the ailments vidchuvє zduttya abdomen and gurgle, yak vshuhut to the wound. More often they travel to the supracranal dilyantsi, right to the clubhouse and to the navel, which changes as the supply of gases changes. strong more views ailment in case of intestinal spasm.

Evidence of damage is a normal physiological process of etching and moistening of lively speeches, minerals and vitamins, ailments are quickly consumed in vases, there are signs of anemia (dry hair lamina, dry hair, dry lumps The lack of vitamins is manifested in the vigiladi no slime, dryness of the conjunctiva, folate deficiency anemia, fiery ills empty company (stomatitis, fired mucus). Hypovitaminoses may appear without symptoms, in failure due to marriage in the organism of that particular vitamins.

Often children are diagnosed with a genetic disorder of the small intestine - celiac disease. The basis of its development is the deficiency of the enzyme peptidazi, which takes care of the fate of the splitted gluten. Tse blocks of roselinnogo promenade, in the great number to take revenge in cereals. The organism of a sick person cannot digest the components of the gut, as a result of which the guilt accumulates in the intestinal lumen, the products of the drop produce a toxic effect on the membranes of the small intestine, and the result is that the mucus is released. As a result, the intestines become thinner, the structure of the villi and microvilli is preserved, and, moreover, all the intestines are etched into the small intestine. Symptoms of ill health, ale, with a celiac turn, is stronger:

looseness, constipation;
increased abdominal circumference;
impaired appetite from every day of the day to bulimia (foulness);
blues;
a sick person has a physical development;
ossalgіі (boli in cistes);
gratitude;
decrease in immunity, as a result, parts of virus and bacterial infections;
allergic incapacitation (shkirni and dikhal systems);
failure of vitamins, anemia, bleeding (more often than not);
Ridko such ailments are obese.

Trivial disengagement of organisms in case of unrepentant celiac disease before the development of secondary immune deficiencies and supportive diseases: red diabetes of the first type, overwhelming psycho development, Arthritis (often due to the type of rheumatoid), lack of supra-nirkoval infections, emptying of the mouth and intestines, new emptying of the mouth and herbal tract, trivial temperature changes, loss of females, loss of

To reduce the risk of developing the tsikh zhvoryuvan sick, it is recommended to strictly follow up the aglidinovaya diet by stretching out his life. In this vypadku children by the head and by the same method of detecting the main disease.

In some people, there is a pathology that can be considered to be fermentopathies. Tse disaccharidase deficiency. Most often, there is a lack of an enzyme that breaks down lactic zukor - lactase. I will familiarize myself with the ailments є bringing the message to the accepted dairy products. Rozlad shlunku supravodzhutsya іnshim symptoms: zduttyam, gurgling, flatulence. gas supply until the intestines are stretched out and pain syndrome appears. Self-esteem is encouraged to take advantage of a dairy-free child.

at judgments organism (mainly, with atherosclerosis and reddish diabetics) Vinnikє the destruction of the blood supply of the small intestine, which is indicated on the robot. Symptoms fix the turbulence of a sick person after receiving the intake after 2 90 minutes. I still have pain in the epicheral dilyantsi, which will expand to the whole life. The pain syndrome is even more intense, the ailment is afraid to accept it, the recurrence of pain episodes is unique. Win shydko is thinner, developing pererakhovani vische signs of avitaminoses, deficiency of minerals and living elements. Krym, ailment, ailment is accompanied by a breakdown of style, burnt-out and abdominal swelling. inodi pain syndrome vіdsutnya, on the first plan, we will introduce stipulations of etching. diagnosis court battle intestine to be placed on the method of viklyuchennya of all possible pathologies of the herbal tract, which is suitable for clinical description.

Lіkuvannya bagatiokh ailments of the small intestine zasnovane on children, do not marvel at the manifestation of the occasional highly effective lykarsky zasobіv. The whole category of ailments is important for the therapy, because the patient and the sick need patience and ease in the well-established principles of therapy.

The intestine is thin to become one of the small intestines, approximately 4-5 meters long. Up to the storehouse of the small intestine, there is a gut of twenty-five, behind it there is a thin layer, and only after that there is a club. The intestine from the sides is covered with a shell, I will call it a neckline and attach to the back wall of the abdomen behind an additional breech. The empty intestine was removed in half black empty... On the front, the black wall is designed in the umbilical area, from the sides of the abdomen, as well as in the left club yamts. Loops of the intestine roztasvani in the horizontal and abducted straight lines. Dovzhina of the small intestine to become 2/5 of the total amount of dyes of the small intestine. In the case of a poor club gut, there are more walls and a larger diameter of the inner space. There is a growing number of villi and folds, such as rosette in the education, a number of vessels, which are larger, and the axis of light elements, navpaki, is smaller. Clear cordons in the transition of one intestine to the middle of the intestine.

budova stinki

Z calling party the intestine is covered with a special shell on the whole protrusion. Tse necklace, scho grabbing її і slick rubbing the intestinal loops one on one. Ocherevina converge in the back part of the intestine, and this is how the breeze of the small intestine is established. It is in itself that judgment and nerves pass through, as well as lymphatic capillaries, which help to liven up the intestine and take away from it not only lively words, the necessary organisms, but also toxic products to the liver, as some of the time

Another ball warehouseє smooth m'yazova fabric, Yaka, in my own heart, will fix two balls of fibers. The names of the retractable fibers are late, and the middle is circular. For a quick and weak chyme (yaka, she knew the flow of active speeches of the herbal tract in the frontal paths) to go through the intestinal education and see the body of all corny speeches. The process of late speed and relaxation of fibers is called peristalsis.

Functionally important ball

Two balls in front of you will freeze normal function and the whole process of getting wet is seen in the last two. With a ball of loosening of the muff, the gut itself is thin, blood-bearing lymphatic capillaries, the purchase of lymphatic tissue. The slime ball is drawn into the enlightenment at the folds of the viglyad, behind the rakhunok of which the surface becomes larger. Before the surface of the mucous membrane, the villi can grow, it can only be patted with a microscope, but the role here is even more important. The stench itself і bezpechuyut a constant surge of lively conversations to the body.

nap

The hairs are the growths of mucus, the diameter of which becomes only one millimeter. There is a cylindrical epithelium, and in the center there is a growth of lymphatic and blood capillaries. Lots of vines, which are found in mucous, are rich in active speech, mucus, hormones, enzymes, which help to digest the process of digestion. The capillary fringe simply pierced the slime and pass into the venules, get angry, the stench with the other vessels fills the vein at once, as it brings shelter to the furnace.

Functions, yaku vikonє huda gut

The main function of the intestine is the process of processing and getting wet, yak, in front of the bullet, is crushed in front of the branches of the herbal tract. Already here it is stored for amino acids, such as earlier boules, monosaccharides, such as earlier boules in carbohydrates, as well as fatty acids and glucerin (the one that has transformed lipids). Budova of the small intestine transferring the appearance of villi, the zealots themselves eat everything into the body and can be victorious as a living material. Amino acids and monosugar are consumed in the oven, great colo blood circulation, fat soak up with lymphatic capillaries, and then indulge in lymphatic vessels, and even go through the stream of lymph stinks spreading through the whole body. Everything that has not passed the reversal for cornsity in the empty intestines, consumed in the lower intestines, in which residual feces are formed.

From norms to ailments - one croc

The gut is not very functional, and when there is a sickness, for the ailment is normal, it does not cause any special problems. Ale from if it’s infused, then it’s hot to turn to fakhivts. Look around the thin intestine, like the whole small intestine, it is important, and the analysis is great. Dosliditi, persh for everything, varto feces, which can be developed, which itself is placed in the intestinal robots. Ale і we will not occupy the same banal glance and obmatsuvannya (palpation).

Variants of problems in empty intestines can be masa, albeit a misplaced pathology of a surgical, therapeutic and infectious nature. Lying in a disease, as well as vibrating faults, which can help you to get rid of ailments.

Turn up to the given fakhivtsya varto with ailments, in case of such problems, it will be necessary to promptly get involved. The first thing here is to borrow oncology, evil and good processes can be very useful, and to name them lie in the way that pathogistology clinics are in these warehouses. The growth of chubby can be found in the education of the wall, as it is called. If there is a growth in education, there is a bleeding or an imperfection, and it is not a secret operative involvement.

It can also be intestinal laxity, as a result of cramps, blockage of the intestinal lumen or intussusception (if one part of the intestine penetrates into the insha). Operatively, in this option, the small intestine is impaired, as well as in the form of operative involvement in the termine order. Lack of failure can be found in the intestines of the intestine, so that the swelling of the abdominal radiography is indicated, as it is also possible to correctly establish the diagnosis.

Often such pathology is observed, such as diverticulitis. The price of an enlargement of the small intestine, which is called a diverticulum. In the norm, it is dumb, and its manifestation is a natural pathology. When it is heated, a quick diagnosis is required, it includes skargi for pain, an increase in temperature, and a sprain of abdominal mucus. The residual diagnosis is displayed on the operating table, and then pathogistology is confirmed.

іnshі ailments

A bad gut can bring a few problems, which can lead to a surgeon. An hour of performance in the production correct diagnosis can lead to death a sick person. Why are Crohn's ailments warts, as you can end up with bleeding, abscesses and slowed down. Deyak ailments can lead to the deterioration of the function of the small intestine, and, for this purpose, it is necessary to have surgery. So, for example, the adhesion process of the black emptying, especially in the muscles, the de-splitting is given to the small intestine, which can jam the operative hanging adhesions. The operative tactics of getting rid of worms in case of helminth infections, if it helps to clog up with a ball of helminths.

And why should we go to the therapist?

The therapist also є over what to do. In the new, zychayno, robots are less, less in the surgeon, Alevon is not less promising. on the shoulders given fakhivtsya to kick all the sickness and ignite the winters, so that they come out in the empty intestines. Tse colitis, which can be hospitable and chronic, syndrome of a mock bowel and other pathologies. Stagnation of a scalpel in case of cychic illness is not necessary, but from competently and correctly identifying treatment, it can help you to get rid of ailments and turn the joy of life.

Infection is not sleepy

It's no secret that the gut is bad enough to avenge the number of microorganisms in its enlightenment majesty. In the middle of them, they are good and brown for the body, and they are bad, as they are gradually getting tired. Immune system I stream the onslaught of pathogenic microflora, albeit one and one cannot cope with their main employees, and only one who can’t cope with infectious diseases. It is not often in the body that there can be butt and non-essential susid, helminth, so and strive to eat in a miracle place of living, which for them the gut is thin.

In the enlightenment of the small intestine, there can be a lot of sickness, such as dysentery, cholera, typhoid fever, salmonellosis and a lot of diseases. Symptoms, like the stink, wicked, flare, or the similarity they have є - tse diarrhea. There can be a maternal color and a smell, but with houses or without them, as well as with blood or water. The residual speck in the nutritional status of the educational institution should be supplied to the bacteriological beforehand to see the material. Then, go out from the sensitiveness of the child to antibacterial drugs, It is meant to be used as a basis. Viyavity helmіntіv is also possible, for a whole varto send feces for analysis, and in addition, you can use them to see them only.

Empty intestine is the middle part of the small intestine, which is located between the two and twenty-fingered intestines.

Bad gut is in the Lviv region of the mountain. Yogo Budova is characterized by a clearly curved breech and at once from the club gut є brizhechny warehouse of the small intestine. From the duodenojejunal L-shaped fold of Treitz from the two-fingered intestine.

A clear anatomical structure, so that there is no way to distribute the thinness and the club of the intestine. However, they have a budova. The club's gut can reach a great diameter, in some cases it is thin, as well as some stinks and a lot of stagnation. Evidently, the middle line of the loop of the thin intestine is rosted, and the club is on the right. Brijov's part is covered with an oil seal in front of a larger or smaller protrusion. Emptying the intestine is a smooth intestinal empty organ, which includes two balls of smooth tissue: lateral and internal circular. Krym, cells of smooth muzzles є in the mucous membrane of the intestine.

Dovzhin's organ in older people to become close to 0.9 - 1.8 m. Cholovicha a thinner gut. With a stretch of life, it’s perebryaє continuously in a stressed camp, and after death, it stretches and can reach 2.4 m. Motility is characterized by all types of fast, for example, peristaltic and rhythmic segmentation.

Basic signs of pathologies

In the herbal process of thinning, the intestine plays an important role. They have the basic functions of over-etching to simple components with more to more moisture. The ailments of this particular nature to manifest themselves practically in the same way. To that, such a ruinous one will get the name of the decayed one - the syndrome of ruined mock-up.

Independently of the ethology of illness, the symptoms are characterized by damage to the style, gurgling, flatulence and pain in the abdomen. Often patients skary on diarrhea. It is more localized in the navel, sometimes in the supracranial part or the right abdomen. As a rule, it is pricey, unlocking, which can be used to supply gas. With intestinal spasms, the symptoms may be even stronger.

Pozakishkovі symptoms in case of small intestine malady to complete the developmental symptoms.

The patients are consuming the vagu and cannot get better.
On the smallest deficiency of vitamins, the firing of the language is formed mouthwash, In the kutas of the company, there are tremors, with a lack of blood, there will be nedokriv'ya.
Likewise, it falls asleep and dryness in the roti.
On the tili there is bloodshed.
Spasters of cysts, supravodzhuyutsya fractures and pain.
Women experience disruption of the menstrual cycle, and men may experience a lack of potential.
Patsinti skarzhitsya on the dryness of the furry coat and hair loss.

swollen

The new condition of the small intestine does not often develop and in the main, it seems to be a good character. Pukhlini of a malignant character grows out to end up rіdko. Symptoms are decided to lie down because the stench grows in one minute, or it expands along the sleeves. The first person has a problem, the development of education and training, the development of education and symptoms intestinal imperfections... Patients skip for more vision in the abdomen, flatulence and vomiting. With expanded education, patients lose weight, they have a lack of health, the intestinal moisture and overtraction will collapse.

In case of illumination, there is a surgical intervention, and in some cases, chemotherapy.

eunit

Small intestine inflammation is called eyunita. Pathology of chronicity and hospitality. The reason for this illness є:

pathogenic infection and virus;
re-transfer to the races of alcoholic drinks, specialty gostrichs, back-to-back gross;
toxic speeches і cut off, so powerfully when cut off by mushrooms;
otrnnya mish'yak, lead or phosphorus;
Allergy on the environment of the product. medications for;
infusion of ionizing vipprominuvannya in case of deteriorated technology of safety.

When eunite, the swelling and burning of the mucous membrane is discouraged, as a result of which the organ consumes its function of etching. Gostra form of pathology supravodzhutsya blues, tediousness, dіareєyu, strong gurgling in the abdomen. It also spares the weakness, temperature adjusted, Seeing cold sweat, fever. In important cases, inflammation can be supressed by blood in the intestines.

at easy form pathology, children learn independently by stretching out decilkoh days. In some cases, hospitalization is required for therapy. In case of toxic manifestations, the preparations become stagnant in the intestinal tract for the treatment of toxic rivers. at Infectious activities, Medicines are used to fight against pathogenic flora. It is even more important in the development of this pathology of the child, which includes a rich drink and implantation of grub enzymes.

slope

We will reach the enlargement of the illnesses є bend. They are nonspecific, idiopathic, peptic, trophic, round-shaped. Show the folds of the small intestine are even more similar to those of the flexible slunk and two-fingered intestines. Basically, the process of becoming ill is located in the middle of the part of the population. In fact, the price is fueled by the mucous with the many appearances at the її stіntsі. Vyrazka winikє as a result of neglected ailments shlunkovo-intestinal tract, And also inaslіdok not lіkuvannya shkt candidiasis. Likewise, the causes of ailments are the trypticus activity of the juice of the slurry, the regular intake of medications.

Most often, ailments are asymptomatic and diagnosed in the process of surgical involvement in the event of an accelerated pathology. The folding is supravodzhuyuyut bloodstream or perforation. Stenosis of the small intestine can also be found in ailments.

At the development of the path, the patient needs a hospital with a course of therapy. With accelerated ailments, surgical intervention is required.

Brutal respect!

Evidence of such symptoms as:

mouth smell
stomach pain
oven
carry
constipation
blues nudity
haircut
gas supply (flatulence)

If you want to have 2 cih symptoms, then you shouldn't tell me about the wrong person

gastritis abo viraztsi slunk.

A serious acceleration (penetration, bleeding, etc.), many of which can lead to

lethal

the result. Likuvannya needs to be repaired at the same time.

Read the article about those, like a woman who fiddled with symptoms in a change of the main reason. Read the material ...

What about the organ?
Yak manifest pathology, tied with a thin intestine
Ejunit - one of frequent illnesses of the small intestine
How much pathology is possible

Human organism has a thin gut of a viconuє functionless function. If it’s okay, then it doesn’t cause any problems for your ruler. And if you insist on being a zboy in your health, it will turn to a likar.

Medical examination of the given intestine, yak and the whole intestine, twisting. To this, a great role is played in diagnostics of mayut analysis, especially in the diagnosis of feces. It is the very results of the licar to judge those that go into the intestines. Before the sign of the analysis, the doctor's call is looked at and the palpation of the ailing one.

In the case of the gut, there is another name - empty. So the name of the won was taken away, so the pathologist for an hour should know that it was empty.

What about the organ?

The ear of the small intestine is a little loose. In the whole mission there is a breeze to two twelve-fingered viginos. Hood and club gut develop for the characteristic signs:

in the first, the diameter is larger (from 4 to 6 cm, and in the club - from 3 to 3.5 cm);
plutayuchi maє bolsh tovstu stinku and bolsh chervoniy kolіr;
її mucus to take revenge a large number of folds and villi.

Empty a thin gut can be made from 4 warehouses:

Slime shell. It is stored in a cylindrical or prismatic type in one ball. In the її basis there is a submucosal і plate with mucous membranes. The surface of the given shell of oxamite. There are folds in the form of keel and intestinal villi. In total, there are close to 700 folds in the small intestine, the cutaneous fold is close to 5 cm, and the height between the gaps is 8 cm. The bowel may have increased the fold, which will help to improve the appearance of the empty intestine in case of surgical involvement.
Intestine villi. Imagine vipinnya mucous in the form of fingers. Do not smell the pid-slizovy base. In total, the small intestine is close to 5 million. It’s possible to be able to see how deyak’s speeches are motivated when accepting їzhі (for example, bіlkіv and fats). An empty intestine of such villi is close to 35 per 1 square mm. The skin of them is to take revenge in its own warehouse of judgment - blood-bearing and lymphatic. With the help of this, meshes of sudins and nerves are established. The hormone vilikinin is a quest for їkh robot. A cylindrical epithelium in one ball covers the skin of the villi. Yogo cellini - epitheliocytes, enterocytes and enteroendocrine. Before the functional conditions of the villi, more cleavage and wetting of the villi can be used instead of enzymes.
Pidslizova basis. Wonderful for a twelve-fingered intestine and a bad ear. There is no laziness, which vibrates the intestines and mucus.
Column z m'yaz_v. It is stored out of meat fibers - late and circular. Changes to the minds of the minds have poured into the middle of the life and further away from the change.

The small intestine is roasted between the slurry and the double intestine and is the largest in its length form of the herbal system. head function small intestine є chemical processing of grub breast (humus) and soaking of products and over-etching.

budova

The small intestine is an empty tube (from 2 to 5 m). You will have to repair yourself from the slunk, and end in the ileocecal cod, in the small intestine. Anatomically, the small intestine is cleverly subdivided into three sections:

1. Duodenum. The vona is roasted in the back of the black empty and for its shape, the letter "C" is nagadu.;

2. A thin gut. Roztashovana in the middle part of the black empty. The loops should lie stiffer, cover them with a line from the sides. The intestine got its name through those that, when the corpses are rosted, the pathologist is practically empty;

3. Club gut - is located in the lower part of the black empty space. From the small intestine types, there are more tumors, the most beautiful blood cells and a great diameter.

Pickling in a small intestine

Kharchova masa pass through the small intestine approximately for chotiri godini. For a whole hour of lively talk, to take revenge in the country, to promote the digestion of intestinal juice with enzymes on a large number of other warehouses. Etching in the small intestine of the meadow is also in the active moisture of lively speeches. In the middle of the empty mucus shell, it confirms the numerical strength and villi, but also increases the area of the mucous surface. So in older people, the area of the small intestine is not less than 16.5 square meters.

Function of the small intestine

Yak and be-like the іnshy organ in the body of people, and the small intestine of a vicon is not one, but a few functions. Read the lectures:

The secretory function of the small intestine is a polyagus in the viroblains of the mucous membrane of the intestinal juice, so that the enzymes such as lush phosphatase, disaccharidases, lipase, cathepsin, peptidase can be replaced. All stench will be placed in the chyme of lively speech for more space (bottles for amino acids, fat for water and fatty acids, and carbohydrates for monosaccharides). Dobu have a grown-up people secret about two liters of intestinal juice. A great number of slimes have to be taken for a new one, as a seizure of the intestines of the small intestine as a result of self-digestion;
Herbal function. Etching in the small intestine of the field in the split of lively speeches and in the former soaked. The chefs will only eat indigestible and non-digestible products in your gut.
Endocrine function. In the walls of the small intestine, special cells, which circulate peptide hormones, which do not only regulate the function of the intestines, but also infuse them into internal organizations the body of the people. Most of the growing clientele roztashovane in twelve-fingered intestines;
Motor function. For the late and cyclonic mucus, the chyme is prone to the rapid growth of the small intestine, and the chyme is prodded forward.

Small intestine

All small intestine ailments may have similar symptoms and are manifested by pains in the abdomen, flatulence, gurgling, dripping. Stiletto buvaє kіlka razіv for a day, bright, with surpluses of undisturbed їzhі and a great kіlkіstu slime. Shelter in the new is spastered in the edge of the country.

When the small intestine becomes ill, most often it is possible to become inflamed - enteritis, which we may be hospitable or chronic. Gostrius enteritis is prone to wickedness to pathogenic microflora and, in case of repeated licking, it will end in some days. In case of pre-urban progression to chronic enteritis with frequent exacerbations, the ailments develop and post-intestinal symptoms of illness, enlargement of the lesions of the intestinal function of the small intestine. The stench is to skarzhdenya on thinness and weakness, it is not common for them to have anemia. Deficiency of vitamins in groups B and folate acid to produce a rota (zaydi), stomatitis, glossitis before the appearance of tremors in the kutas. Lack of hopefulness in the organism of vitamins A є the reason for the loss of dryness and loss of the day. Loss of calcium absorption can be the reason for the development of osteoporosis and occur on one of the most pathological fractures.

Small intestine growth

Among all organs of the black emptying, the small intestine is most severe to traumatic ears. The price will be explained by the non-protection and significant pre-dinner of the intestines. Isolation of the small intestine is reduced in no more than 20% of cases, and more often than not, it is caused by the smaller traumatic ears of the organs of the black waste.

The best part mechanism traumatic small intestine - straight and to fill hard blow in life, to bring the bowel loops to the pelvic cysts, or the ridge and the bowel movements, until the bowel loops are pressed down.

When the small intestine is widened, half of the patients suffer from shock and internal bleeding.

We will use the method of dissolving the small intestine є surgical operation, viconuvan in an extraordinary order. In the course of the operative involvement, to carry out the bleeding (hemostasis), to assimilate the necessary amount into the empty intestinal cavity, to restore the normal intestinal flow and to reliably empty the empty stomach.

The earlier from the moment of the small intestine injuries the operation is noticed, the more chances for the patient to get rid of.

I roztashovuu. The organ, having given its name to the fact that the vcheni-anatomists and physiologists, vivchayuchi cadaveric material, were waiting for the intestine to be empty or empty "bad".

Proximal visualization of a maloruchomy organ, which is prefixed by a viginum in the anterior intestine (12-paloi) і. The name of the intestine is covered with a visceral leaf of the queue, from the cutaneous side (intraperitoneally) and also to the mother, similarly to the intestine of the twelve-fingered.

When projected on a black wall from the front, the thin bowel is spaced out in the lower abdomen area at the upper left side of the navel area. Distribution of loops horizontally. The intestine, being a cob-like dilenca of the small intestine, is almost 2.5 to 3 m long in older people.

Skeletotopic, Danian organ of rosetting on the level of the 1st and 2nd transverse ridge. Two-fingered-skinny viginus serve as an ear of the small intestine, and at the end є. The loop of the thin intestine topographically occupies the place of evil in the yamtsi club kistki. More often than not, medical doctors understand bad things and for one reason, since the stench may not conceal any significant indications.

The breeze of the given organ is short and is a duplicate of the visceral leaf of the queue. In the area where the breech is attached, the intestine is not covered with a gut.

Small intestine є empty smooth intestinal organ. Horizontal call and central ring (circular) chain 2 balls of smooth according to their classification. A special organ is those that are single cells of smooth mucus in the mucous membrane of the small intestine. The organ is the smallest diameter of the gut, and the club gut is on the right.

In the middle of the wall is matt and oxamitic viglyade and covered with numerous villi. The stench є virost of the intestinal mucosa and the size of approximately 1 mm. Presented by cylindrical cells, capillary and lymphatic gossip appears on the tip of the villi. By capillaries, it is wetted in carbohydrates, by lymphatic vessels - fat. The acidity in the empty intestines is neutral or weakly watered, and should be set at a midpoint of 7-8 pH.

Posharova topography of the balls of the small intestine is nasal (in the middle of the name):

functions

grass... They were amazed that in the whole form of the small intestine there was etching, that there was no etching in the small intestine, so that it was added to the microvilli with the infusion of herbal enzymes;
motorna(Abo transport). Chyme, podralyuchi in the gut, transported in the bowels of the intestine for a further processing;
Endocrine. In the small intestine, peptide hormones are circulated, which are injected into the systems and organisms of humans;
secretory... The function is to take care of the activity of the mucous membrane, as well as the viroblast of the intestinal sic.

Two-fingered intestine (intestinum duodenum ) to go from the pylorus, brought on a short breech, between the leaves of which there is a pidshlunk zalose. All kinds of homemade creatures It will grow out in the right ridge, depriving its distal end of the gut from twisting into the nirk region, de-turning from right to left and without visible cordons to go into the bad gut. On the ear of a twelve-fingered intestine (S-shaped viginum beads of the liver) two ducts appear: the duct of the liver and the cephalic duct of the underworld. Yaki mold in the head world great nipple – papilla duodeni maior... Often distally possible malium nipple – papilla duodeni minor, De-open an additional duct of the subshlunkovaya zalozi.

Twelve-fingered intestines are tied with a slurry, a stove, nirkami, and also slips and rim guts for the help of the offensive sounds: slunk-two-twenty-fingered – ligamentum gastroduodenale, pechinkovo-twelve-fingered – ligamentum hepatoduodenale, nirkovo-twelve-fingered – ligamentum renoduodenale, twelve-fingered – ligamentum caecoduodenale, Obodovoy-two-twenty-fingered - ligamentum duodenocolicum.

Small intestine (intestinum jejunum ) the shape of a garland of curls - intestinal loops – ansae intestinalis... Vona grabbed a corncob from the twelve-fingered intestine when half of the black empty was passed to the left. Kintseva part (residual curl) of the small intestine without visible cordons goes into the club gut.

Club gut (intestinum ileum ) take a cob from the last curl of the small intestine, є a very small part of the small intestine. Vona is named so because people are at the club's register. The club's intestine is tied with a slice of the intestine and otlio-sl_piy with a sound - ligamentum ileocaecale... When you sink into your intestines, I will sphinkter – m. sphincter ilei, Шо zalyagє in the basic її pacifier – papilla ilealis... Club gut nipple external opening – ostium ilealis and also lump nipple – frenulumRahrillaeilealis.

bloodstending of the small intestine, use the jaws of the cranial bridle artery ( a.mesenterica cranialis): Caudal pidshlunkovoy-twelve-fingered artery ( a. pancreaticoduodenalis caudalis), Colateral trunk ( truncus collateralis) І arteries of the small intestine ( aa,jejunales). In the blood cells of the small intestine, and the twelve-fingered intestine itself, take on the fate of the celiac artery ( a. celiaca): Shlunkovo-twelve artery ( a. gastroduodenalis( a. hepatica); and also right shlunkova artery (a.gasnrica dextra). The nature of the distribution of internal arteries in ruminants and meaty creatures of various species

vіdtіk blood from the small intestine, the tributaries of the portal vein ( v. porta).

innervated small intestine from the bloating nerve ( n. vagus) І cute stovbur ( truncus sympathicus). Blocks of the bloating nerve will enhance the peristalsis of the small intestine and the secretion of intestinal lobes. Nice nerves go through the arteries of the small intestine. The stench to lower peristalsis and secretion, sound the judges, transmit more pulses.

species and specialtiesthin viddiluintestines:

In dogs The amount of intestines is 7 times more than the amount of food. Two hundred and fifty gut was fixed on the last brigade. To reach the point, according to the diameter of the lumen, it is not possible to do so in the space of the intestine, from the pylorus the intestine goes obliquely upward and back to the right edge, and where the bridle of the liver is to the right, which can go along the way, passing through right nirka. Then, on the level of the 5-6th transverse ridges, turn the hand and go forward, and then go medial to the left line between the slips and the rim with intestines to the pilorus. Here you go down ventrally and go down into the gut. The intestine of the villi was two-fold. Peyer plaques and lymphatic follicles are good. The zhovchny channel and the channel of the bottom slurry flow into two to twenty guts razdilno, ale on one papilla behind the papilla 3-8 cm from the pylorus.

The bad gut is located on the lower cherevniy station and lie on the great omentum. The intestine hang on a new breech and form 6-8 loops, and then, without a thin border, go into the club intestine. Dovzhina of the small intestine from 2 to 7 meters. There are up to 25 aggregate lymph nodes up to 85 mm, width up to 15 mm.

The club gut goes uphill from the bottom up to the 1st and 2nd transverse ridges and emerges with a nipple with a lateral opening on the cordon of slips and rim intestines. Solitarian follicles are even smaller. Peyer plaques of the club intestine are short - from 7 to 8.5 mm.

In pigs small intestine form numerical skeins. By the time (20 m) of the intestines, the intestines are borrowed from the middle, by the intestines of huts, such as gnawing on meat and thus the short intestines, and by the intestines of herbaceous creatures, yak, navpaki, and the bowels of the bowels. Dovzhina of the intestine in 18-20 times more than the dough of the intestine.

Two bowels (40-90 cm) hang on a short breech, take a cob of the pylorus of a slunk in the right side edge, pass along the bottom and right lower apertures caudally to the rear end of the right nirka. For the right nirkoy won, turn over and again turn into right to the edge... Here it is trivial in the worst gut. The gallbladder does not appear at once from the duct of the slurry, but rather in the small intestine (the gut on the wall is 2-5 cm, and the duct of the slurry is 15-25 cm from the pylorus).

The small intestine of the head up to 20 meters in the shape of a lot of loops, was brought up to the next breeze, it was roasted between the stove and a cone colon... The intestine can be up to 38 aggregate lymph nodes of a ribbon-like shape, up to 50 cm in length up to 3 meters.

The klubova gut slid up and to the right to the slips of the gut, it emerges into the intestinal tract, on the cordon between the rim and intestines. There is a sleeve-shaped valve at the entrance to the intestine.

Great horned thinness the small intestine is less likely to eat (about 60 meters). Dovzhina intestines; 20-25 times more than the dinner date. The surface of the mucous membrane is lightly dispersed from its solitary follicles, the size of a tall, great horny thinness, with a hairpin head. Duodenal zalozya roztashovuyutsya in the great horny thinness stretching 6-9 meters before the intestine, repaired as seen from the pyloric sphincter of the sychuga.

The intestine was two-thirds of the way, up to 90 to 120 cm and up to 7 cm in diameter. Slide from the sychuga pylorus on the lower edges of the 9-11th ribs, forward and up to the stove. At the right side of the edge of the liver, the liver is in the intestine. s-images. vigin – flexura sigmoidea... Far away, go obliquely uphill and caudally accept liver duct – ductus choledochusі duct pidshlunkovoy zalozi – ductus pancreaticus, I come close to the right nirka. Then she turned back. molding first turn – flexyra prima, And then go horizontally to the side of the basin, at the club's hand, turn the hand, deform another turn - flexyra secunda, And the distance is turned over the crane. Steady third turn - flexyra tertia- If you go horizontally forward, you will again go to the stove. Here's a rogue twelve-fingered-skinny twist – flexura duodenojejunalis and without a visible cordon go into the worst of the gut. Zhovchny protik flows into a two-fingered intestine at a distance of 50-70 cm from the pylorus. The duct of the sub-slurry closes along the slope of the duct and grows 30-40 cm distal.

The bad gut of the great horned cattle is in the right side, in the club and groin areas. Vona duzhe dovga (up to 40 m), with a diameter of up to 6 cm, bypass and superimpose on the labyrinth of the colon. The garland of loops of the small intestine is suspended on the roots of the breech, so that the entire spinal disc of the rim gut grows between the leaves of the breech at the root of the root, from which breeze the loose fringe is trivial on the loops of the bad intestine. The loops of the small intestine lie near the colon. Garland shores the ear from the end of the twelve-fingered intestine in the area of the last rib, go to the stove and the lump, and from the back reach the entrance to the pelvis. The small intestine will be added to the right half of the empty empty space. Small intestine, small, aggregate lymph nodes, up to 1 to 52 cm in size. In young animals, the stench reaches up to 3 meters. The mucous membrane is shaped like non-expanding transverse folds.

The club intestine of the great horny thinness takes the cob from the rest of the curl of the small intestine, is in the right ileum, spreading between the slit intestine and kintseviy with zivinoy colon intestine. The club's intestine flows into the intestinal tract directly on the cordon between the slips and the bowels, entering from the back and right-handed - forward and left. External opening of the club intestine – ostium ileocaecocolicum, Roztashovuєtsya on the level of the fourth transverse ridge. At the point of the exit opening, there is a shutter, or circular valve of the club gut – valvule ileocaecocolica, At the viglyadі kіlcepodіbnoy folds of the mucous membrane.

The horses twelve-footed gut of the master up to one meter. Її pochatkova part is primed up to the stove and installed on nіy s-podbny vigin. It is important to lie in the intestine in the right pidreber. On the right side of the liver, go dorsally and turn right sideways caudally (the first turn). In the area of the third transverse ridge: caudal to the nirka, turn the head and forward another turn and pass through the edges of the brigade right side on the left and without visible cordons go into the thin gut. Bile of the throat of the gum duct and the mice of the inflow of the duct of the slurry duct, the mucous membrane is the shape of the nipple; diverticulum of the duodenal intestine –diverticulum duodeni, In the coulast, there is an empty space where the ducts are offended. The nipple of the twelve-fingered intestine grows at a height of 10-12 cm from the pylorus. Through the opening of the empty diverticulum, the intestinal lumen is removed.

Huda gut to hang on dovg_y brigi (up to 50 cm). The intestine grows in the cup-shaped destruction of the established great rim and slit intestines. Vona will store in half of the black empty upper and middle third, located in front of the intestine. The intestine is up to 30 meters in diameter and up to 7 cm in diameter. There are up to 263 aggregate lymph nodes, the stench of an irregular oval shape up to 6 cm, up to 14 mm wide.

The club's gut is located in the right sigh, kudi won’t be drunk on the level of 3-4 transverse ridges, and we go straight up the hill. , Lie in the curved curvature of the head of the colon, close to the, so that the club gut flows into the head of the small intestine, and not serve as a cordon between the lower and lower intestines, such as