Zmіna dії lykarskih speeches with repeated introductions. Diya likarskih zasobіv when re-introduced

With repeated introductions of lykarsky speeches, there may be a sparing of the occurrence of sound, lykarskoy depletion (addiction), cumulation, sensitization with a further allergic reaction.

Zvikannya. In the process of weakening the development of lykarskoy speech, which zmushu zbilshuvati dose of the drug, or replace it, it is called zvikannyam. Inodi the reason for the ringing can be explained speed up the processes metabolism of liquids in the body. Until the deyakie lykarsky speeches zvikannya razvivatsya duzhe shvidko. For example, with repeated introduction of ephedrine with small inconsistencies (20-30 minutes), the value of a change in the sounding effect is increased even after 2-3 times. This is what I call tachyphilaxia(Vid Greek. Tachys - shvidky, phylax-is - zahist). Zvikannya does not follow from the likarskoy fallowness (addiction). Tse is absolutely good understanding.

Likarska depletion (addiction). This phenomenon is characterized by strong, innocent, indiscriminate, pragmatic to the systematic implantation of deyakarsky and іnshih speeches, as well as vyklikayut euphoria (unassuming spyanіnnya, accepting attitudes). Euphoria can viklikati deyaki speech, which is injected into the psyche: morphin, heroin, cocain, alcohol, hashish, nikotin, fenamin and іn. There are a lot of cich rechovins є drugs, so they systematically call it drug addict. The addiction to curry favor with the manifestations of zvikannya, for that the dose of the drug grows unhealthily, so it can lead to a chronic rejection of the organism. A sick person who suffers from drug addiction, I call drug addicts.

In the Danish hour of the term "addiction" replies to the witness "Lykarska avalanche ».

It also shows that a drug (aka іnsha speech) in the process of trivial consumption becomes a necessary storage part of the cells of the central nervous system, and the organism is consumed in the staleness of this speech. It’s good, you don’t stop taking a drug to severe sub-active feelings and deterioration of functions. internal organs... I call the appearance abstinence(Vіd Lat. Abstinentia - streamliness, dullness), the stench quickly pass with new drug use.

Develop mentally and physically illnesses. Psychic likarska depletion of supernatural behavior, unacceptable emotional manifestations, adjusting moods, innocent aggressiveness. In case of physical depletion, the drug addict's stance will adapt to the broken functions heart-vascular system and other organs. It may be obvious that there is a heart-and-heart failure (collapse).

Cumulation. As a result of the increased metabolism, or in the presence of leads in the body, there can be any cumulation (Latin Sshp-latio - purchase). In such cases, repeated administration of drugs in therapeutic doses can lead to a significant increase in concentration in the body (material accumulation) and waste.

They develop more functional cumulation, if the effect of the previous reception is taken into account and will be accepted at repeated reception. Cumulation may be positively, So- as there is permissibleє a trivial hour pіdtrimuvati lіkuvalnu dіu Likki at birth yogo introduced into the body.

For drugs that have been accumulated as a result, there have been established rules for storing (interrupt in the process of treatment, change the dosage), and release from pharmacies. Pharmaceuticals are guilty of the nobility and the rules and give a clear answer to the problem, especially in quiet drops, if it is allowed without a prescription. Nedotrimannya of the established rules can lead to severe delusions.

Sensitization (sensitization) to the body with repeated administrations of leaks and the diagnosis of allergic reactions to develop as a pathological phenomenon and accelerated drug therapy.

Lykarska allergy is a free reaction to the organism on the repeated introduction of the drug, just in the first dose. The І basis of the allergic reactions are the immune processes. Rise of allergic reactions of non-guilty (anaphylaxis) and suspicious types, which are characterized by symptoms of malignancy: spillage and hypochondria, blood loss, asthma, asthma anxiety

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of some chemists who are guilty when new lykarsky zasobiv. mutagenicity - its ability to identify the genotype of the genetic apparatus of the germ cell, which manifests itself in the change in the genotype of the offspring. Carcinogenicity - the value of the words of viciousness of the development of evil pukhlin.

As a result of the trivial stagnation of lykarsk zasoby, it is possible to get stronger or weaken the effect.

to make it stronger a number of drugs are tied from the building up to cumulation.

material cumulation- accumulation of lykarsky speech. The power of the drug may not be able to be transferred to the organism, or it may be called into the organism (for example, the digitalis drug is digitoxin).

functional cumulation- the price of "accumulating" the effect, and not speech (for example, after the malignant alcohol - changes in the functions of the central nervous system).

Tolerance (sound)- a decrease in the effectiveness of the drug in case of repeated stasis (for example, analgesics, antihypertensive, sodine, etc.). All of this is linked to the changes in the efficiency of speech, the improvement in the efficiency of the activation and the improvement in the vision of the body.

tachyphilaxia- Tolerance, which is a little bit shvidko (for example, ephedrine, with repeated administration at intervals of 10-20 minutes, to repair a lesser hypertensive effect).

Vzaєmodiya lykarskikh zasobіv

Vzamodiya lykarskikh zasobіv - the price of a change of pharmacological effect at one hour or the last time. As a result of the residual result, the following results are obtained:

- Synergy- a combination of two lykarskih zasobіv, or more in one straight line, to manifest itself to the best of its ability;

- Synergy by the type of payment- the number of effect of the combination of preparations in the pre-treatment of the effects of the skin with components (furosemide + uregit in case of heart failure);

- Synergism by the type of potentiation- residual effect of the combination of drugs in significant amounts of skin effects with drugs (prednisolone + norepinephrine in the form of shock, prednisolone + eufilin in case of asthmatic status);

- Antagonism- the interaction of lykarsky zasob_v, which can lead to weakening of any part of any pharmacological power of one or even decilkoh lykarsky speeches. Antagonism is less important in the case of deprivation.

the insanity of the leaks

See the advancing views and insanities:

- Pharmaceutical- see the body behind the boundaries. To the absurdity of the posture by organism it is possible to introduce:

Zmіshuvannya lіkarskih speeches in one syringe;

Adsorption of lykarskiy on the surface of plastic. Tse can be used in case of general introduction of dilutions;

unstable infusion solutions... Before tim yak zmishuvati razchini for infusions, follow the recommendation of the virobnik lykarsky drug.

- Pharmacokinetic. Prior to it, the following should be applied:

Injection rozrobtsі (vmoktuvannya). With an enteral route, the combination of money supply can be insane. Such adsorbents, such as vugilla assets, antacids, change the resorption of lykarsky wounds, that їkh should live okremo with an interval of 3 years. Preparations zaliza, tetracycline should not be taken together with dairy products;

Interaction with metabolism of lykarskiy salvages. When combined consumption of drugs is followed by a combination, galvanization (driving) synthesis of enzymes will reduce the metabolism of drugs, and induction - ability;

Vzaєmodia at vivedennі lykarskih zasobіv. Nirki is an important organ for the administration of drugs, nirkova lack slid ochіkuvati vzaєmodії lykarsky zasobіv. Singing preparations can overshoot the vivedinu. For example, furosemid reduces the vision of gentamicin;

- pharmacodynamically. Prior to it, the following should be applied:

Competition for the receptor. So, M-cholinomimetic drugs (block M-cholinoreceptors) are used for the treatment of glaucoma and the odor of insanity from M-cholinomimetic drugs (block M-cholinoreceptors), which indicate spasmolytic drugs;

On the basis of the mechanics of the arts. Anticoagulants of indirect action, galvanize the synthesis of factors in the larynx of blood, inappropriately with anti-inflammatory diseases (to activate the synthesis of laryngeal blood).

V CLINIC PRACTICE the patient's liking is rarely intertwined with a one-time reception. With repeated intake of drugs in the pharmacological effect, there can be a build-up or decrease in the connection due to the change in sensitivity of the receptors to them, or due to the change in pharmacokinetics. An increase in a specific pharmacological activity with repeated administrations of one and the same lykarsky speech is called cumulative. In case of material accumulation, the build-up of the effect was accompanied by continuous adjustments to the concentration of the drug in the blood and tissues through the increased metabolism and viveness. This may be the reason for the appearance of toxic effects upon repeated intake of therapeutic doses of the drug. There is a lack of material accumulation of growth in case of damaged functions of the liver and nirok. For example, the heart glucosides of the foxglove group stagnate for the treatment of heart failure, as it is not easy to supervise pathological liver diseases. In many minds, the biotransformation of the drug into the development and manifestation of material accumulation: the accumulation of a therapeutic effect, instead of intoxication.

With the functional cumulation of the reaction in the body, it is difficult to reverse the changes, the trace reaction is obtained, as a result of the repeated introduction of the drug, the changes can be made. Winnicks are more likely to be more resistant to the effect, if they want the concentration of liquids in the blood and cells of the dose introduced. With this kind of cumulation, one can serve alcohol for ailments with alcoholism: the syndrome of "hot" can be developed into a "snippy" dose of alcohol, dipsomania (unrequited cravings for alcohol) can be provoked by a small dose of alcohol. Functional cumulation is saved only once.

Before the first contact, organisms can be sensitized, and once again introduced, as a result of allergic reactions (from walnuts allos- іnshy, not specific, ergon- dia), to inform about the immunological inconsistency of the patient's organism with the singing group of chemistry rhymes. Preparations of such a structure of patients are not infallible.

With the repeated introduction of leaks, it is possible to reduce and reduce the specific effect. Shvidko vinikє (and also shvidko znikaє) the decrease in the sensitivity of the organism to the extent that it can be explained by the metabolism, the substrate, through which it realizes its effect - the process of being called tachyphylaxis ( tachys-sweet, phylaxis-horon). Vona winykє to some kind of subozuzhuvalny zasobіv (for example, ephedrine), dichny analeptics from the group of N-cholinomimetics (for example, cytiton). The cob effect will be updated, if it is normalized to biosubstrates, then the complex will be established.

Up to bagatokh lіkіv (sodіynym, disease, illnesses, borne) with repeated zasosuvannі develop a sound or tolerance (stiffness). In general, the repeated administration of therapeutic doses has less and less effect. best for a reason- changes in pharmacokinetics: change in moisture content, increase in efficiency of biological transformation (induction of enzymes) and improvement. To eliminate the cob effect, it is necessary to adjust the dose.

Trivale storage of drugs, going to the central nervous systemі victories euphoria (EU - good, handicap- I see). can be supervised by the development of lykarskoy fallowness. The drug should lead to abstinence (the syndrome of "lethargy"), after repeated exposure to the drug, the drug may become depleted, and it will be included in the metabolism. nerve tissue... Develop mental and physical staleness. In case of mental illness, the drug is susceptible to emotional discomfort and it is necessary to take the drug as a self-help. In case of physical likarskoy depletion, the order of psychic changes spurs the deterioration of the functions of the organs and systems. An important stance (abstinence), which develops in a patient who does not possess a certain drug, doesn’t take a certain drug, or doesn’t take it because it’s true signs. Moreover, in parallel with the likarskoy staleness, tolerance often develops, and for the knowledge of abstinence, all large doses of the drug are consumed. For more dozies, please withdrawal syndrome, To accommodate the deterioration of mental and somatic functions, to develop chronically detrimental to the body and moral degradation of specialness.

With the re-introduction of lykarsky speeches, there can be both growth and change.

The increase in efficiency can be tied to the accumulations in the body, or in the surrounding organs of the lykarsk speech - cumulation ... Buvag is material and functional.

material cumulation- lykarska speech is more often vivoditsya from the body and, with repeated injections, accumulate in new, accessible toxic quantities. Schob uniknuti, re-introduced next to enter the meaningful part of the vivedenny abo ruinuvannya in front of the front dose. functional cumulation- if the speech was introduced from the body, and the function of the organ, or the system, has not been changed yet. As soon as you enter a repeated dose of leaks in an hour, then this action manifests itself in a significant and trivial manner.

zvikannya- Decrease in effect in case of repeated stagnation of leaks. It can also be tied to changes in speech mobility, changes in fluidity in the organism, to a decrease in the sensitivity of receptors.

Falseness (addiction) - not overbearing pragnennya before re-reception. In people, it’s psychotic and physical. Psychic - emotional discomfort without licks

Physical - when the drug is taken into account, an important body is infused, the functions of organs and systems are tied to the layout.

idiosyncrasy- genetically adjusted sensitivity to any kind of likarsky zasob Buvah for the preparation of iodine preparations for homemade creatures,

25 food ticket: ringing up to lykarsky speeches when re-entered:

zvikannya(Tolerance, lat. Tolerantis - patience) - the price of a decrease in sensitivity to the drug after its repeated introduction, so that you can increase the dose in order to achieve the effect of the same intensity, as well as the reduction of the dose. zvikannya- tse chastkov, for example, the loss of a therapeutic (addiction) effect in case of a trivial consumption of a lykarsky zasoba without symptoms of lykarskoy fallowness, to develop addictions. For example, with the introduction of the carry-over of the roselinnogo walk, it is possible to take revenge on anthraglikozidi (rhubarb root, bark joster, canopy leaves), through the splinter of the persistent effect, change. Zvikannya is a general biological power, as it can be promoted in microorganisms for the consumption of small doses of chemotherapeutic drugs. It is possible to use the zvikannya as a dose (in the accessible boundaries), as well as a substitute for the drug, or if it is pushed for a day or so.

The rate of decrease in the efficiency of a lykarskogo after re-introduction, as it develops for an hour from a few khviliin to one dobi, is called tachyphilaxia(Z Greek. Tachys - shvidky and phylaxis - zahist). The application of tachyphilaxis can be used to reduce the hypertensive effect of ephedrine. After the first introduction of the drug, the arterial vise moves; for repeated 2-3 ін'єкцій with an interval of 20-30 minutes, the sounding effect is significantly reduced. Bowls of bells and whistles are developed every now and then, stretching out decalcous tendencies for a long time. The power of victories may be triggered by drugs (especially lost barbituric acid), tranquilizers, narcotic analgesics, carried by drugs and other drugs. Before drugs, those close to chemistry budova can also be called (promedol, morphine). Mechanisms of tolerance development ... Widely perceived fact arsenophagy- Building "trenovannyh" creatures accept in the middle a large amount of arsenic oxide without tooth decay. Zvikannya in a whole vipad is pummeled with the development of ignition processes at the mucous membrane of the herb channel and changes in the way of wiping out. If it is necessary to administer such a dish of arsenic oxide parenterally, the minimum dose appears to be lethal.

best often the reason Zvikannya є induction with a drug of enzymes in the liver and accelerating the metabolism. Tsei mechanizm perevazhaє in the development of zvikannya to barbіturatіv. Tolerance to organophosphorus levels is increased by the decrease in the sensitivity of holinoreceptors to acetylcholine. The reason for the sound may be the phenomenon of auto-suppression, which is analogous to that in biochemistry, which is galvanized by an enzyme with a substrate. The essence of the phenomenon of polarity lies in the fact that, in times of excess in the organism of the drug, not one, but a few molecules are called by the receptor. The receptor "perevantazhutsya" and the pharmacological effect appear significantly less. Tolerance is not associated with likarskoy fallowness.

The prevalence of likars and other words (addiction)... Vіdpovіdno to visnovkіv Komіtetu ekspertіv WHO lіkarska zalezhnіst - tse psihіchny camp іnodі navіt fіzichne, yak Yea result vzaєmodії mіzh zhivim organіzmom i lіkarskoyu rechovinoyu of Pevnyi povedіnkovimi that іnshimi reaktsіyami, if Bazhannya priymati drug postіyne abo vinikaє perіodichno, dwellers uniknuti discomfort, yaky vinikaє without take yogo.

addiction- it’s stronger, because it’s not overwhelming because of the systematic intake of the drug’s drugs, as well as viklikayut euphoria (Greek Eu- okay and phero - to endure), to improve the mood, improve, and self uncommon views, As soon as they come to the conclusion of the messages.

You can make sure that you wick the fallowness, you can divide it into such groups: alcohol-barbituratic (ethylovium alcohol, phenobarbital); canabina (marijuana, hashish); cocaina; efіrnykh rozchinnikіv (toluene, acetone, tetrachloromethane); zasob_v, scho wiklikayut hallucinations (LSD, mescalin, psilocybin); kostіv, otrimanyh s opіyu (morphin, codein, heroin) and synthetic substitutes (promedol, fentanil).

Possibility of fallowness from several rivers in one hour.

Development of mental and physical staleness of the lykarskie speeches. As a matter of fact, prior to the establishment of the VOOZ, mental depletion is "tse", with some likarskiy zasіb vyklikє almost satisfied with the mental age - the standard of euphoria, like wimagає periodical or post-mortem introduction of a little bit physical fallowness - an adaptive camp, for which the power of intensive physical development is directed to the reception of the singing lykarskogo. Tsi rozladi, t.E. withdrawal syndrome(Lat. Abstinentia - streaming; syn. Syndrome of wandering, relieving) - complex specific signs mental and physical disorders, characteristic of a singing narcotic analgesic.

Mechanism of the whole phenomenon of dressing from time, as long as the systematic introduction of the speech is included in biochemical processes, which is introduced into the body.

As a result, metabolism and tissue function change. Before such an organism will gradually adapt, a new metabolic homeostasis will emerge, as it evolves from an extravagant metabolic homeostasis. If the preparation is correct, the biochemical processes will break down. Winning an important stan (abstinence) - deznomanitnі, often important somatic damage (death is possible), - as soon as the introduction of speech is updated.

They are very sensitive to the minds, how the cells of the brain changed, and the very fact that they were left behind was the drug that was injected into the central nervous system. The systematic consumption of narcotic analgesics with the development of depletion is called a drug addict. The change in the functions of the brain to produce until the last development of the stages of sleep and abstinence. With the depletion of fallowness, the euphoric phase will speed up, the phase of sleep may also occur, the phase of abstinence changes and loses. Naybіlsh is important a picture of lіkarsky fallowness to develop only, if physical, psychic fallowness and tolerance are accepted.

26 nutritional ticket: likarska fallowness:

Likarska deposit- a syndrome that develops in case of repeated trivial stasis of lykarsky diseases and appears to severe health problems or self-esteem in case of administration of the drug. Most of the prevalence of psychotropic drug abuse is often associated with abstinence, for example, when opiates are used or psychostimulants. However, at home, there are many types of baguettes, for example glucocorticoids. In individuals with neurotic, somatoforms and anxiety-depressive disorders, in case of severe sleeplessness, there can be signs of sedative and hypnotic drugs in the form of stagnation (about 10% of the symptoms) - try to reduce the symptoms to the extent of congestion. Widely widened likarska fallowness in the presence of benzodiazepines, is accumulated in the first place, unprimed triviality: in case of short-lined stagnation, the risk of fallowness decreases.

The syndrome of withdrawal of psychopharmacological problems can be seen as a variant of the withdrawal syndrome in drug addiction, and there are a number of different symptoms. The closest to the withdrawal syndrome is the syndrome of withdrawal of tranquilizers: at the same time, physical and mental depletion is manifested, if there is a mental depletion in the vigil, I would like to add a psychiatric presence to the drug. When antidepressants are present, there is a physical depletion: there is little characteristic vegetative symptom complex, and when antidepressants are suppressed, there is a possibility of physical depletion (psychoactive symptoms and extracts). Trivial antipsychotics and antidepressants intake also do not change tolerance to drugs.

Likarska fallowness will increase in size (in the times of mental fallowness), either by an incremental change in the drug, or by replacing the drug with a lesser addictive one. ( addiction(Eng. addiction- fallowness, zvikannya zvikannya), in a wide sense, - see people obsessive need for singing performance. Term is often used for such phenomena, as likarska fallowness, drug addiction, but now it is more stagnant, and to unhealthy, but psychological deposits, for example, behavioral, butts of psychogenics can serve: internet, debris ...

Medical sense, ADDICTIVE - obtrusive the need for repeated singing actions, for supervising, in the face of the destruction of the graphical graph for the patient, obviously in the form of physiological and psychological impairments, non-trivial behavioral and mental deterioration.

27 nutritional ticket: a manifestation of synergy and antagonism of lykarsky speeches:

synergism is a type of interaction, when the effect of the combination changes the sum of the effects of the skin taken from the environment. Ie. 1+1=3 ... Synergy can be achieved by bazhanikh (therapeutic), as well as neobzhanikh effects like One hour introduction of hydrochlorothiazide dichlothiazida i іngіbіtora APF Enalaprilu to produce hypotensive dermal diseases until the skin becomes stronger, and it becomes stagnant with hypertension. However, an immediate sign of aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamicin) and a loop diuretic furosemide viklik in the growth of development of the risk of ototoxic action and development of deafness.

SYNERGIZM of lykarsky zasobіv (from the Greek. Synergia - spіvpratsya, spriyannya), one hour in one straight two or several. rechovin, scho will make sure that there is a large zagalny effect, lower dermal effect from them. Likiv. speeches can be done on one and the same element (straight S. l. page) or on the other (indirect S. l. page). Direct S.'s butt of l. with. can serve narcotic. diyu chloralgіdrіt and alcohol, indirect - expansion of the brain with atropin and adrenaline. As a result of the spilnoї action of synergists of pharmacology. the effect of a non-uniform strength, which lies in the powers of speech, їх doses and features of Patol. I will become an organism. Naybilsh in turn of S. l. with. with a combination of speeches in small doses, as well as with a combination of speeches, which work on a different system.

With a combination of actions. speech can be trimmed to make one mule stronger (for example, aminazine, narcotic infused with chloral hydrate). Such a phenomenon is called. potentiation. If offending words are poured into one and the same system and organism in one straight line (for example, potentiation of barbituric anesthesia with aminazine), potentiation of the preparation. true. On the view of all, with the wrong potential for additional information. speech does not rob the active pharmacology. dії, but if I will weaken the drop, or trust the vision of the main. speech (for example, podovzhennya barbituric anesthesia with chloracezin). Tom pomilkov potentiation of one of three forms of prolongation (trivalo)

The effect of the preparation of medications is to be used in practical medicine for the reduction of the possible manifestation of irrelevant side effects, the lower the dose, the less the less the development of the unnecessary pests.

antagonism(From the Greek. Anti- anti, agon- struggle) in combination to manifest itself in a weakened or increased knowledge of pharmacotherapeutic activity. In medical antagonism, as a kind of pharmacological insanity, it is cleverly possible to adapt to physical-chemical and physiological. Before physical and chemical antagonisms are called competitive, physical and chemical antagonisms (pharmaceutical insanity); to physiological - direct and indirect (pharmacological insanity).

Physical antagonism in pharmacology is possible with adsorbents (active substances of vugilla, bilka, bentonite) and vigorous lykarsky rivers, the effect of which is the influence of adsorbents on adsorbents.

Physical and chemical antagonisms in practice are often vicious in the quality of anti-rot, or antidotes (in the form of Greek. Antidotos-anti-root). So, when the barium is cut off with chloride, the antidote can be vicorized with sodium sulfate; The important things are loud and sound, they sound like a unitiol, and so on.

With a one-hour stasis of decilkoh lykarsky speeches, it is more likely that they are more likely to fail because some speeches are weakened.

This phenomenon is called pharmacological antagonism. Basically, it is taken to respect the appearance of competitive differences or changes to the background for the speech industry.

As well as synergy, antagonism can be direct or indirect. In the first vipad of lykarsky speeches, one may have the same object of action, and in the other - objects of development.

For example, the zinitsyu, the sounds of arecolines, can be expanded with atropin or adrenaline.

Atropin and arecolin are poured through one and the same object (cholinergic nerves), and the antagonism is direct.

The anti-inflammatory effect of arecoline and adrenaline is in flux on the side of the body (adrenergic and cholinergic nerves), but it may be directly related to one and the same life, the same function (size of the disease) ) anyway, in the development, if the injection of one of them prevails over the one (antagonism is one-sided).

Oskilki border stage pharmacological activities- parallich, but paralyzing speeches - one-sided antagonisms in any combination.

28 meal ticket:dzherela otrimannya lykarsky rechovin :

To them to be introduced Mineral speech, Roslinna sirovina, syruvina of foodstuff, products of living microorganisms, synthetic spoluks

mineral dzherela - the whole process of purification of special chemical spheres: saline, midi, iodine, manganese, bismuth, cobalt, sodium, etc.

a creepy trip- all preparations obtained from organs and tissues of tvarin: adrenaline, insulin, enzyme preparations, Otruti serpent, pavuk_v, bdzhil (antibiotics of food pacing).

Roslinna Likarski Rechovinys Dzherelami of Likarsky rhymes can be fruit, quiches, leaves, bark, roots, roots, rootstock of roslin. For the chemistry structure of the price of the production:

Alkaloids (alcalos - meadow). Nitrogen alkali-like speeches, which can be mischievous and acid-free - coffee, nikotin, atropine, strychnin and іn.

Glykozidi - folding ethereal-like speech to the warehouse, which include unsweetened substances aglycone and zucor glikon. Such preparations are suitable for other species of foxglove, conval, Montenegrin, strophanthus and other.

Resins - unreported in water (available in organic stores). In the meadows there is a mile-like z'єdnannya - sabur.

Comedy - To slime and mucus-like speech, to take revenge in carbohydrates. When hydrolizі give zukru. In water, the slide is enveloping.

fatty oils- castor, sonyashnikova, llyana ta in.

Essential oils - volatile aromatic spoluces: croppies, crumbs, crimson, cloves, mint, etc. (Vidharkuvalny, bloating).

tanini- nitrogen-free spoluks, yak mayut mistsevu diyu (oak bark, blackberry, shavlya).

29 feed ticket: dzherela call back:

Вік. Sensitivity to the body before it changes. Children and people from 60 are sensitive to children of the middle age.

Masa tila. Children will receive a lower dose, we will grow the drug, in conjunction with tim, but they have less weight. And the more masa tila in people, the greater the dose їm priznachayut.

Individual sensitivity. on young people one ti w l / n You can take a few steps according to a reasonable way, you can find one and the same connection. Diya l / n can change in fallowness about pathological body. Deyakі pharmacologіchnіchnі zasobi, vyavlyayut their diyu only in the minds of pathology (for example acetylsalicylic acid, Lowering the temperature of the heart only in the case of admission, heart glucosides and clearly stimulate the activity of the heart only in case of heart failure)

30 meal ticket: accelerated drug therapy:

By the sophisticated drug therapy, they call vicliks the drug talkers of the wake of power and the functions of organs and systems of the body, so that they can be supervised by unacceptable sub-active perceptions, or to actively obstruct the health. The stench is obumovlyuyutsya pobichnym, toxic or nonspecific drug.

Let’s take advantage of the LP, as it’s the same mechanism of diagnosis, but not from a therapeutic point of view. Not іsnu LV, yakі not mali b bit by bit... So, the sign of adrenomimetic adrenaline hydrochloride as a bronchodilator as a result of a vicious tachycardia, pidvischennya arterial vise. We are part of a side-by-side series of chemotherapeutic interventions є stifling life, not just a zealot infectious disease, Ale і microorganisms-commensals. If the life of microorganisms, sensitive to drugs, appears to be driven, insensitive to new species (coca, bacteria, fungi), it is possible to multiply (lykarsky dysbacteriosis, candidiasis).

phytoncidi - antibiotics of roselinnogo pokazhennya (tsibulya, chasnik, wild garlic, bird cherry, sprinkling and in.)

Producers of Bagatyokh Likarskie microorganisms: antibiotics, enzyme preparations and іn. Fungal preparations are also widely used - antibiotics.

Synthetic lykarski speech- all the preparations should be dispensed in laboratory sinks by way chemical reactions: FOS, CHOS, carbamate, antibiotics, sulfanilamid, hormonal, enzyme, etc.

Vicious efficiencies become slower, if they wick the scarg of a sick person, or create a threat to health or life. For example, in case of bronchial asthma treatment with atropin, dryness in the mouth can be reached by it, it is possible to reach such a stage, which slows down abo (i) mova. Such a step is a side effect of being assessed as an accelerated drug therapy and a vimag in the way of visits that are straightforward to the slowdown, in the early hours of the day. It’s easy to lie down in a dose, it’s easy to transfer, and if you show it, more often for everything, it’s not too big. For the purpose of prophylaxis it is necessary, in the first place, to vikoristovuvati LP with the maximum vibrational effect. Napriklad, bronchospasm kupіruvannya zmіshanim adrainomimetiki adrenalіnom suprovodzhuєtsya pіdvischennyam arterіalnogo vise i tahіkardієyu, ale neviborny beta adrenomіmetik izadrin viklikati tіlki tahіkardіyu and viborchy beta2-adrenomіmetiki fenoterol (Berotec) without viklikaє ni pіdvischennya arterіalnogo vise ni znachnoї tahіkardії.

Reduced toxic nature, most often, may be the mechanism of diagnosis, no headache. For example, in the case of lіkuvannі with butadion, іnіchnіchennya blood-forming Chi is not pummeled by the blockade of the COX. Toxic slowing down is often the result of drug overdose, including the accumulation of material or functional cumulation during trivial intake of therapeutic doses (chronoconcentration effect). At the same time, call to mind toxic lesion one or a group of organs (systems), in conjunction with which they develop neurotoxic, cardiotoxic, etc. diyu LV.

mid side reactions when likars are stuck, most often there is an effect, zooming pharmacological authorities when the drug is consumed in a therapeutic dose. For example, the reason for the shkiri in case of stagnation nicotinic acid It is a very normal and normal reaction, if it wants to be bitterly, because tricyclic antidepressants and chlorpromazine do not just put pressure on the central nervous system, but they wicked dryness in the eyes of a couple.

It’s uncomfortable for people to get away with toxic acceleration. For example, cytostatics do not only bring down the growth of plump clitins, ale and ears, and all the chitin's grow quickly and cystic brain... That stench of svoy direct effect naturally leads to leukopenia.

With an increase in dosage of lykarsky patients, side reactions appear, for example, the development of leukopenia as a result of the intake of cytostatic drugs, a sedative effect of antihistamines drugs.

Ailments of the heart-vascular system are the primary cause of death of people, and hypertensive ailments are in the first place a first-rate role. Tommy millions of people ride on a drive hypertensive ailmentsі ischemic ailments heart. Beta-blockers and blockers of calcium channels should be used for therapy in the first place. In the course of therapy, there are a few options key forms side reactions associated with pharmacological activity of the drug. Beta-blockers, reserpin, methyldopa, clonidine to reduce depression. To that, propranolol (anaprilin), especially often when there is a depression, is not to blame for people who suffer from depression or have suffered from it in the past. Atenolol and nadolol should be produced before such side effects... Swiftness often occurs with beta-blockers, reserpine, methyldopia, and clonidine. Beta-blockers, methyldopa and a number of other drug addicts in cases of pathology of the heart-vascular system and in cases of potential sexual dysfunction. It is not uncommon when taking antihypertensive drugs, especially guanitidin, prazosin and methyldopia, to prevent the loss of hypothermia and as a history of orthostatic potency in case of severe fatigue from a sedentary or a recumbent position. This can lead to fall and fracture. Sered beta-blockers labetalol most often wiklik arterial vise, How to rob him with a drug of another line in the therapy of persistent hypertensive ailments. Beta-blockers can treat bronchospasm and provoke asthma attacks, so we don't get sick bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis for emph_zemoy.

With the re-introduction of lykarsky zasobіv, there can be both growth and change. The improvement is tied to the accumulations in the body or organs. This phenomenon is called cumulative. The material accumulation of lukars, since the lykarsk speech is more commonly found in the body and accumulates in the new in toxic quantities, then the introduction of the lykarsk is guilty of being carried out for the most significant development.

Functional cumulation, if an effect is accumulated, and not a speech, that is, it is necessary to take a Chergov dose, if the function of an organ is not known to the system from the first introduction. So it can be, if there are some anticholinesterase drugs in the vivenment of the body or the formation of the organism, and some of the cholinesterase has not yet been brought to the physiological level. When re-introduced, the functions of the organs become better for the young physiological coli vans, that is, it is very toxic.

Decrease in the effect when re-storing the name zvikannyam, that is, the insistence of tolerance to analgesics, perishable diseases. Vono can be tied to changes in speech, changes in efficiency of their activation and vivedeny, decreases in sensitivity to speech of receptor devices, or changes in accumulated tissue.

One of the types of zvikannya є tachyphylaxis - zvikannya, scho winyku duzhe shvidko, inodi for a single introduction, for example, ephedrine with frequent repeated introduction (after 10-20 minutes) wiklikє is less than the indication of blood pressure, lower at.

Up to a few words (often neurotrophic), when re-introduced, develop likarska fallowness. Vaughn manifests itself in people overwhelming pragmatism until repeated

Accept the speech, appeal with the help of an adjusted attitude, polishhennya self-esteem, usunennya unacceptable experiences and perceptions, how to be recognized at a time when the speech was introduced earlier.

idiosyncrasy- Sensitivity has been adjusted to likars' abilities. The price for the internal introduction of other home-made creatures into iodine, bromine, antibiotics, and phenol-containing rechovins.

2.10. Diya likarskih zasobіv with combined introduction

Practical minds do not often have to introduce to creatures not only a little bit of speech, but overnight, a sprinkle of one drug often does not give a good effect. But there are drops, if it is not only positive, but it is not only positive, but it is not only positive, but it is not only positive, but it is not only positive, but it is not only positive, but it is not only positive, but it is not only positively, but also one by one, etc. For a long time ago, the combination of the introduction of lykarsky rivers was introduced, and the osmotic grip of blood plasmas would be avoided, and that would be replaced by її (Ringerag-Loka's rose), or, too, polishuє etching (piece); with angina pectoris, it is often stagnant to get rid of the heart, sedative and spasmolytic disorders (Votchal's drops).

A combination of two and more of the same type of speech is called synergism. There is a stench in one direction, as a result of which more bends are more likely to be prevented, less when there is a sign of skin okremo, and on one and the same system, to talk about m ohm s i not r g i z me (for growing rosaceous and dulling in the intestines of abnormal and non-inhalation narcotic drugs). Indirect (positive) synergy - if the speech goes in one straight line, albeit on the other system (expansion of the range of changes in atropin and adrenaline).

If, with the introduction of two lykarsky rechovins, the pharmacological effect of the ochikuvanny is called ontensions(Potency of the neuroleptic aminazine and non-inhalation narcotic speech of chloral hydrate when consumed in small doses).

antagonism- I will oppose two or dekilkoh speeches, if one speech assimilates the deyu of the one. It can be physical, chemical and physiological (direct and indirect).

Physical antagonism - if one speech is introduced into the body, to set the physical transition for the child. So, the adrenaline, the introduction of the shkir abo інshim shlakhom, the sound of the judges and such a rite of the reversal of the words; actives are not vugil, adsorbable toxic speech in the intestinal tract, pereshkojaє vmoktuvannyu їkh at the roof.

Chemically antagonism - if a person enters into a reaction with others, as a result, a speech is established, but not a pharmacological activity. The antidote is based on the whole. For example, acids and neutralized by meadows, important metals- by means of unitholu or theta-to-calcium or by other words.

However, the most often potent physiological antagonism, that is, E. Protylezhnu on one and the same physiological systems and organisms. With a lot of direct and indirect (call) antagonism. Spicy antagonism, if the doors are on the other side of the same system (synapse, etc.) or organ. For example, the razchin atropin expands the zinitsyu, and the pilokarpin sounds, or the pershawk will weaken the smooth intestinal mucosa, and the other will quickly. In addition, the fact that offending speech occurs in the area of ​​the end of the cholinergic nerves (on the postsynaptic membrane of cholinergic synapses) is diametrically opposed, because the function of the innervated circular membrane of the peripheral zone For, for example, the stimulants of the central nervous system and narcotic speech are not the same - they are the same for the central nervous system, and they drive it. The situation and veterinary practice in case of overdose of quiet words.

If two speeches are viciously affecting the function of the organ, acting on the inner nerves of the structure or enzymes, then indirect antagonism appears. On the other hand, the sound is heard when carbacholine is applied to the eye of the eye, and the adrenal m'yazah of the ryduzhnoy shell is similar to the destruction) of the wikipedia of the expansion of the zone.