Features of toxic nephropathy. Toxic damage nirok Toxic damage nirok in children

Nephropathy is a two-way battle of nirok, as it is possible to winicati other reasons... Zokrema, toxic nephropathy is established as a result of the infusion of oranges. They are good, including the filtration of blood, the most intense and irrelevant words, as they go to the body through the cross. In such a rank, the tribute of speech is often accumulated in nirk structures, and if the concentration in the blood is promoted, then the purchase will be significant.

Mechanism of afflicting ailments

Looking at the functional features of nirok, the regularity of the development of toxic nephropathy can be represented by such a rank. When people get into the organism of a person, they can be drawn without a second or a second, injecting internal organs into the robot, including nirok. As a result, the structure will collapse, the robot will collapse, a pathological stump, and will be supervised by singular symptoms.

by straightness negative infusion And apparently, due to the mechanism of education, toxic nephropathy extends to specific and non-specific. The first person will see a problem without the middle of the lines themselves, without the middle as a result of the battle with different words. The other one - nirku will use the rods through the otrunnya organizmu, but don’t put a direct infusion on the nirkas, but such as to destroy the robot of the other organs and their systems, so, in his own devil, to produce even before the fight nirok.

By means of the mechanism of development of nonspecific toxic nephropathy, the following processes can be used:

There are several reasons for this directly. Up to the number of factors that a pathological stance is given, negative phenomena are recognized, for example:

Viciousness in Danish nirkah process can and іnshі reasons, for example, radioactivity, mechanical injuries, damage by an electric strum. With the recognition of lіkuvannya, the main meaning is the character of the fight. Have a vipadku, a subtle camp of vimag of non-blatant medical visits.

Lyudin, who has taken into account whether there are some overwhelming factors, for the purpose of a more reliable hospitalization for the purpose of the step and character of the step, as well as coming in for the purpose of neutralization.

symptoms of ailment

If I show a pathological stance, it’s just like the first legacy, I’ll lie down in the first step of the step of this gravity, which there are three - easy, middle and important. The purpose of the step is to lay aside the strength / triviality in the inflow of a negative factor, the nature of the spout and concentration in the blood. Toxic nephropathy is susceptible to superficial symptoms:

In the skin surrounding, the symptomatic picture may change, depending on the nature of the defect and the degree of its severity. In some cases, there is a possibility of spostering damage from the side of the central nervous system, manifesting hallucinations, swelling psychoses.

People in this country often have signs of anemia. The temperature may change, in other words, the camp is characterized by the manifestation of signs of intoxication to the body.

In addition to obvious manifestations, there are signs of battle, which appear in the course laboratory dosages and other diagnostic procedures. The patient in the whole country is recognized:

• zagalny analiz blood;
• zagalny analysis of the slaughter;
• dopplerography;
• biochemical analysis and in.

As a result of the follow-up of the patient with toxic nephropathy, changes appear in the warehouses of the blood and blood, and the appearance of hostile speech, concentration, structural and functional changes, etc. In this case, it can grow in place of blood, blood, changes in the parameters. In the blood, the concentration of nitrogenous bases grows. All symptoms can be established only in the process of professional diagnostics in the minds of a medical mortgage.

Likuvannya and forecast

The slid of the nobility, the nephropathy of the toxic form, is a rather unfavorable camp.

Important! In any case, it is not possible to rob a self-directed abuse, and also to drag out the animals to the drug.

Likuvannya, as it will be necessary in the skin condition, to lay down on the main parameters of the pathological process, such as the steps of its severity, character, etc. In the first place of patients, antidote therapy is indicated, in addition, stimulation of the slaughter, and procedures for cleansing the blood are carried out. The transfer of procedures into a wide range can be as follows:

• hemodialis;
• plasmapheresis;
• hemofiltration;
• washing of the shlunka and ін.

In addition, in the presence of a patient, in the presence of a patient, he may have undergone a proto-shock therapy, as well as procedures that were directed to the restoration of homeostasis.

As soon as the patient is qualified, I will help in the first year of writing, to bring a toxin from the body, it is possible to unify the most important inheritances. The hostile speech will not be awakened by the memory of the most skoda.

In the іnshomu vipad, the blood is removed from the body, the blood is purified, etc. There will be a need to update the function of the affected organ, which may have problems with nirkami, for example, it can take a risk or more.

The prognosis for the development of ill health can also be found in a number of minds and in the first place - on the stage of this gravity:

As soon as there is a sense of damage to the body, one of the possible methods described earlier, then immediately turns up to the medical plant, without any signs of symptoms. In the whole vipadku it is possible to get rid of internal organs, or to bring him to the minimum.

In the midst of young herds, up to some in a row of vapors, produce toxic nephropathy, it is possible to see:

• new establishment of the secular nobles;
• Gostra and chronic nirkova lack;
• swelling of the brain;
• pack of legends;
• coma;
• lethal result.

Brutal respect! While the inheritance is considered to be extremely important, it is even more important for you to turn up for help before the liquor and start before the treatment.

In the course of the experience, they describe not only their statuses, but the furnishings, which they brought before, the hour and the way of the detachment (battle).

vsepropechen.ru

toxic nephropathy is one of the most widespread in the case of exogenous exogenous abnormalities of pathological syndromes.

The exotoxic nature of nephropathy is indicated in an hour in 18-20% of the ailments with a hostile nirkovo deficiency (GNN), which is found on lykuvanny in the modern “nirk centers”. At the same time, two main types of exotoxic damage appear: they are specific, they are not very sensitive to a number of nephrotropic chemical reactions in a number of nephrotropic chemical reactions, and they are not specific.

Specific battle nirok They win in Pershuvaya Cherga when they are treated with nephrotoxic speech, but when they are "active transport" It is unimportant in the sense of the intimate mechanism of nephrotoxic speech, the sum total result of the same thing: it is not important to increase the accumulation of cych spores in nyrkas to produce small changes in enzymatic-metabolic functions and their reduction.

When infused on the organism of hemolytic speech in nirkas, a pathomorphological picture of a severe hemoglobinuric nephrosis develops. Pathomorphological data visualize the transport of blood to hemoglobin in the brain of internal vascular hemolysis and exotoxic shock.

Vilny hemoglobin of the plasm is absorbed in the zone of chemical degradation of tissue degradation products and swells the character of an alien protein, causing an immune reaction to the organism. This reaction is manifested by a spasm of nirkovy vessels, a decrease in deuresis, an increase in temperature and other signs of the so-called endogenous toxicosis in case of toxic etiology.

Great mice in the pathogenesis of toxic nephropathy in patients with hospitality Loan "miorenal syndrome", which is a kind of uncommon kind of syndrome of trivial crush syndrome (Crush-syndrome). The whole syndrome develops as a result of the combined infusion on the organism of the growth factors, the most infusion of the food from the most toxic substances of the narcotic drug (oxides, alcohol and surrogates, sodas and alcohol) trivialy press M'yakh fabrics, most often m'yaz_v kintzivok. Ailments lie on a hard surface, as a rule, on a boat, sometimes in a position to sit, because of the laid-ups. "Morenal syndrome" can cause overwhelming coma, exotoxic shock, deterioration of the outbreak, coldness.

In case of pathomorphological preliminaries, the appearance of ischemic coagulation necrosis of the muscular tissue ("rhabdomyolis") in the zones of local positional health develops, a small swelling of the tissue develops. In nirkahs, a picture of a severe pigmented nephrosis is indicated, characteristic rice which is the manifestation of myoglobin in the enlightenment of the nephron and in the epithelium of vivid tubules. Myoglobin was consumed in the shelter from necrotic dalyanoks of urazhennyh m'yaziv.

In the pathogenesis of "miorenal syndrome", it is of great importance to suck a trivial spasm of the cortical ball of the nerve and the development of shuntuvatisya juxtamedullary blood circulation. It is not possible to vklyuchiti pituitary injected develops in the nirkah of the malformations of the internal vascular laryngeal larynx due to the infusion of thromboplastic factors, so that myolysis occurs in the presence of myolysis, as well as an intravenous type of toxin, which causes its own type of toxin.

In the pathogenesis of toxic lesions of nirok in case of gostrich dents with hepatotoxic streams(CC14, mushroom toxins and in.) Significant, mabut, low nephrotoxic action of certain amino acids (leucine, tyrosine and in.) Pathomorphological data in case of a pathology of the same type and a picture of diffuse cholemic nephrosis. Sign of necronephrosis

Nonspecific urazhennya nirok exotoxic.
nephritis, nephro-sclerosis і ін.).

Clinical characteristics of toxic nephropathy transferring the need for a total assessment of the main clinical and laboratory indicators of the functional standard of nirok. Before the main symptomatology of toxic toxicity in the toxicogenic phase gostrich otrun to carry out a decrease in the amount of additional dehydration, for example, at the age of nirok, tied with a build-up interstitial nabryak, and at the appearance of nabryak (swelling of an individual). The most common picture of toxic nephropathy begins to appear in the somatogenic phase during the development of hostile nephropathy.

The main respect in early diagnosis toxic nephropathy is associated with a "cut syndrome" in case of retinal vimiri dyuresis with urahuvannya carried out by a sick person infusion therapy and you can trash the line in a late way. Vvazhaєya, how to reduce the diuresis to 500 ml for dobu (20 ml / year, 0.35 ml / hv), for the development of oliguria, and up to 100 ml for dobu (4-5 ml / year, 0.07 ml / min) - anuria.

One of the simplest indicators of the concentration of health is the level of strength of the section, which is important to progress with glucose and protein. With a single 1% glucose, the indicator shifts by 0.0037, and 1% glucose - by 0.0026. Most of the high numbers of serum (up to 1024-1052) and protein (up to 330%) are prevented in case of toxic nephropathy, vicyclic and other hemolytic discourses, for example, osteocentesis, and severe prognosis. The stage of proteineuria in case of a whole increase in the degree of hemoglobinuria. An excellent test of the functional standard of nirok є azotemia, as well as the concentration index of the section (the ratio of the concentration of the section to the section of blood). Decrease of the index to 10 and lower depends on the turn of the deterioration of the function of nirok.

Suchasnі way to vivchennya funktsіonalnogo will nirok vklyuchayut vimіr osmolality vise plasma i sechі freezing point depression method vivchennya vzaєmin elektrolіtnogo warehouse plasma krovі i sechі, KHS, vimіr klubochkovoїfіltratsії i kanaltsevoї reabsorbtsії for Relief Proby Rehberg - Tareeva, vimіr nirkovogo plasma flow by Smіta, toksikologіchnі doslіdzhennya on viznachennyu klіrensu toxic fluids, except for calorimetric values ​​of hemoglobin in blood plasma and blood plasma, as well as methods of radioisotope diagnostics of damage to normal functions.

Three degrees of severity of toxic nephropathy have been seen. Toxic nephropathy of the lung step, as it develops in about 25% of the development of the defect of the function of nirok in case of young children xv) і nirk plasma flow (582.2Hz 13.6 ml / hv) while saving concentration and nitrogen-visual function of nirok.

Toxic nephropathy of the middle stage, as it develops in approximately 57% of cases of this pathology, appears to be more vivid and strong changes in the typical and morphological warehouse of the section (up to 2-3 females). ), tubular reabsorption (98.2 + 0.1%) і Nirc plasma flow (468.7 ± 20.2 ml / min).

For toxic nephropathy of a severe stage, the characteristic syndrome of hostile deficiency, which means about 10% of cases of this pathology, with manifestations of oliguria, azotemia, creatinemia, small tuberculosis 88, 9 ± 1.8%), significant reductions in Nirk plasma flow (131.6 ± 14.4 ml / hv).

Gostra nirkova lack in gostrich hospitality be important key interruption as a result squabble liver (toxic hepatopathy - 82% of cases) and lungs (toxic pneumonia - 36.6% of cases), which increases the high mortality rate, reaching 50%.

Slid vrahovuvati, when you are disabled in a group of important ailments with toxic nephropathy and hepatopathy, you will become more susceptible to the syndrome of nirkovo-hepatic insufficiency (AKI). As a result of a single improvement of the liver, it will intervene together to compensate for the inflow of the functions of the important organs. Moreover, as a result of the appearance of nephrotoxicity in a number of chemical words, as well as the manifestations of toxic hepatopathy, and hepatotoxicity of chemical words, which disrupts the function of nirok. It is especially important to introduce a hundred changes in the clinical symptoms and dynamics of laboratory data during hospitals nirkova lack exotoxic etiology.

In the classic picture of hospitality, there are 4 main periods:

• 1) the period of the cob stage of the main ethiological factor;
• 2) the period of oligoanuria;
• 3) the period of renewal of the renewal;
• 4) period of use.

In case of hospitality, the period of the cob ear, when the ear of the factor is triggered, is caused by the toxicogenic phase of the disease due to the power of the given toxic speech by the clinical symptomatology.

In the period of oligoanuria, which is close to 2 types, the picture of endogenous uremic toxicity develops, as a result of the inherited blockade of glomerular fibrillation due to the formation of a metabolic disease However, without affection for an important clinical camp, the azotemia will be too lazy (dose-4 g / l) to explain the lowering of the process of making a severance in a bit of trouble. Gradually appear in the whole period of the state of the world, a lack of water-electrolyte exchange, when some calories go from the cells to the roof, and some of them are substituted for those who need to develop. The whole process is explained by the non-triviality of the rivovagi, the lingering between the high internal and low concentrations of calories, in order to produce vitrates for the oxidative energy of the cells of the cells In case of hospitality, which is often supervised by a decrease in oxidative-primary processes in cells and an increase in the penetration of cell membranes, the loss of internal calyx is inevitable. With the symptoms of oligoanuria, as a result of the continuous deficiency of calories, hypercaloria may cause symptoms of caloric toxicity (deterioration of the heart and nerves).

A very high stage of hypercalculation is more likely to be observed in case of hospitalization, which causes hemolysis or myolysis due to the intensive flow of calories from the cells into the plasma.

At the period of renewal of duresis, or with large losses of calories through shlunkovo-intestinal tract winyk hipokalієmiya, as it is clinically provocative to manifest itself with nonspecific symptoms of internal malformations - meat weakness, lean.

The stage of the first electrical dissociation is based on the level of natural efficiency of the given electrolyte. Chim vishche tsei klirens, tim more intensive accumulation during anuria and a large increase in the increase in the concentration of standards.

Without concern for those who have oligoanuria, the effect of all electrolytes has been destroyed, and the concentration in the plasma is increased to deprive those of them. The price is tied to the development of the hyperhydration of the body during the whole period of the state of health and deficiency, if the process of accumulation of water is more efficient, the process of accumulation of words with low clarity (sodium, chlorine, calcium water) is reduced. For those who are in the polyurethane phase, if they consume water and inject salts, the concentration of sodium, chlorine and calcium will return to normal. In addition to the mechanics of breeding, the process of transferring the ions from the back space in the clitine is very fast.

Hyperhydration of the body in the case of a lack of toxicity of the liver of a toxic liver disease is not only long-term anuria, but also by transudation of bilky plasmas into the intermediate tissue in connection with the appearance of such a penetration At the same time, the osmotic grip of plasmas quickly falls, there is a swelling and swelling of blood, which accumulates important changes in the brain and legends with the development of neuropsychiatric disorders and breakdowns of the emotional state. The rest of the most often manifested by the syndrome of "vologic lungs", which is a developmental stage of the growth of the leg tissue.

The change in the legends tends to give rise to a revolving development in case of renewed dehydration and reduction of hyperhydration, to serve as friendly children for the diagnosis of pneumonia, differential diagnosis in the case of deficiencies. A permanent companion of the hostile deficiency of toxic etiology є anemia, which is of a zalizodeficit character and is tied to the damage of eritropoiesis. The destruction of the outbreak and the anemia will significantly contribute to the tissue hypoxia, unfriendly mind for the regeneration of the nirk-like diet and the renewal of the nirk functions, which are promoted not earlier than 30-35 dib for the development of important toxic nephropathy. Especially Dovgy protіkaє vіdnovlennya nirkovih funktsіy at GOSTR otruєnnyah otstovoyu esentsієyu, if azotovidіlnoї kontsentratsіyna zdatnіst nirok povnіstyu normalіzuєtsya tіlki pid kіnets 6th mіsyatsya pіslya zahvoryuvannya cob, and when vazhkіy nefropatії, viklikanoї otruєnnyam etilenglіkolem, podіbne vіdnovlennya funktsіy Je great rіdkіstyu.

One of the most common causes of toxic nephropathy is the removal of osttovy plants, choterochloristimum in coal, spillocks of important metals, substitutes for alcohol.

Luzhnikiv Є. A. Clinical toxicology, 1982

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Reasons for the diagnosis of pathology

Pathology is given to develop through:

• toxic to the infusion of hair, not the ostruinnyh ryechovins themselves, as well as products їх rozpadu;
• vinnennya in the midst of an autoimmune reaction to the body.

At the same time, unaffected by the start-up mechanism of development toxic nirka, Show your best self. The step is to lay it down in the form of a concentration of toxic speech, which is chemically stored and the way it is appropriate in the body. Equally important is the role of the development of secular organs. So, even if there are pathological processes in nirkahs, toxic nephropathy can develop with appropriate low doses of branched words.

Until tsiogo will not be without bake, In principle, you can lead, be it a hit of chemical and biological speeches, ale the most often toxic treatment of nirka wicks:

• organic retail managers;
• salts of important metals;
• pesticides;
• different drugs (antibiotics of the aminoglycoside series, sulfanilamides, non-steroidal antiapaline drugs, anticoagulants, etc.);
• physical inflow (exchange of ailments, injury with an electric strum, injuries);
• Exogenous chemical spoluks (words that come into the bloodstream when bitten by bran and comas, fungus toxins, etc.).

It is possible to mention that nephropathy is toxic - a foldable polyethiological discomfort, so it is necessary to clearly identify the key symptoms of a possible factor, and they have led to development, and in the case of consuming inaccurately conduct antidote therapy.

symptoms

Most often, it is manifested by changes in the backward analysis of the slaughter, such as protein and hematuria. The stench is fast to pass, and the people do not know that they just didn’t know what they were saying. If the dose and concentration is too high, then it can lead to heavy, non-backward herd.

In the midst of toxic nephropathies on the left side of the loan lykarskiy zasobami When a lot of chemical agents are injected, the macroorganism is shown in conjunction with immune reactions. The price is tied with this, that the fabrics are nyrok including widely spread sudinn hem, and all the allergic components (ogryadnі clіtini, interleukini, immunoglobulin), in the heat of the battle, in the process of suppressing.

Symptoms of lykarsky nephropathies are similar to signs of glomerulonephritis, if ailments are seen zagalne nezduzhannya, Weakness, gratitude. At the new one there are the embellishments of the lower cues and guises. In the case of a growth, hematuria and proteinuria. The frequency and number of sechovipuskan (oligoanuria) also decrease. Another important and dangerous symptom next to the appearance of arterial hypertension, as it is possible to reach absolutely other numbers, are vicious in people, and they will be attacked by the court and zupinki of the heart are fast.

In case of toxic infusion of sulfanilamide drugs, which are representatives of such є streptocide and norsulfazole, before the gastrointestinal symptoms, a fever is a sign of strong pain in the slopes, the reduction of the shkіri and mucous membranes in the viglyadі hemorrhagic visipans. On the level of nirk capillaries, it is possible to improve the importance of the endothelium of the cichus of the Sudin, from the vigorous stages and to the development of the Court's penetration.

Folding and methods of treatment

Most often toxic nephropathy can lead to the development of interstitial nephritis, hemolytic-uremic syndrome and hostile deficiency. Jade is manifested by the guest abo dumb sick across, go through chills, short-term pidvischennyam arterial vise, Arthralgia (pain in the slopes) and changes in the section (polyuria, microhematuria, decreased performance of glomerular filtration and in.).

In the analysis of the blood, the most frequent occurrence is the development of the SHOE, the concomitant leukocytosis and the anemia. Gostra nirkova lack of - tse is already a threat, most often to produce a lethal result. Vona is pummeled with rapid reductions, or increased vipadinnya function nirok and manifested in a standard set key symptoms: Oligoanuria, absorbing nitrogenous slags in the organisms, deteriorating the water-electrolyte balance and acid-puddle stun. The head acquaintance will become involved in the necrosis of the cortical ball of nirok, which can lead to non-gated weeds.

All options for toxic nephropathy can be easily treated. Naybilsh important yogo warehouse track to respect antidote therapy on the cob stages of becoming ill. If it’s not carried out, the drug users will be deprived of carrying out symptomatic and disintoxicating therapy. So, when banned with sulfanilamides, prescribe a puddle of pitta, sechogin, drugs that block carbonic anhydrase.

In case of gross glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis, a large dose of glucocorticosteroids is indicated, but it should be done with a forced anti-apical action.

Plasmapheresis and hemodialysis should be carried out using the method of improving the organism of products in the drop and surplus of high-grade fluids. The essence of such manipulation of the field is in the fact that before a sick person is connected a special apparatus, which is selected from a new blood port, through a system of filters and already purified, it is turned back into the body.

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symptomatology

Dane became ill, taken to the level of gravity. Symptoms of toxic nephropathy of the early stages may be of their own specificity.

1. Easy foot. The ear itself is sick, about how there can be a signal to get rid of white ravines in urine, and also appeared in my shelter.
2. middle step... Before pererakhovanih vische signs are added to the decrease in deiuresis, increase in sechovina, calia and creatine.
3. important feet... Zanedbaniy stan, before the hour of development of the state standard of nirkova lack.

Div. also:

• Learn more about the signs of nephropathy of the first species.

At the early stages of infectious toxic nephropathy, it manifests itself as a decrease in duresis, right up to the onset of oliguria and anuria. Analyze to show the value of urini to 1052. Azotemia and a decrease in glomerular filtration, as well as tubular reabsorption, are indicated. Patients fix to show scars on the cross-section of the pain. Vidbuvatsya tse through the build-up of the interstitial nabrya nirok. There are reasons for the appearance and puffiness of an individual.

The name of the hospitality industry is characterized by higher and higher quality. At the same time, various morphological changes are observed in the organs (from dystrophy to the main disease). The stages of these processes lie in the form of doses and types of removed toxins.

With a lot of detachment, as they are chronic in nature, they become plethora. Om the power of diffuse leukocyte infiltration, manifest an extra capillary intrate, enlargement of the empty glomerular capsule. Likewise, the order of the lesions of the tubules and glomeruli and interstitial changes, as a result of such patients, is overwhelmed, argiophilic fibers of the stroma coarse. Nephrosclerotic lesions are not included.

Toxic nephropathy in children also develops through toxins entering the body. Show it - also for yourself, for grown-ups. Such children are constantly guilty of being tested by the doctor, passing and prophylactic treatment.

therapy

If you are susceptible to toxic damage to your organisms, you will inadvertently turn up to a toxicologist. And with the appearance of symptoms of toxic nephropathy, it is innocuous to get sick.

Diagnostics come in and let it be built before folding classic paintings... It is so important and respectful to sponsor the direz. There is no small significance in laboratory control over the urine mill (especially, for the acid-puddle storage, electrolytes in the blood and indicators of nitrogen metabolism).

Diagnostics of the soil is based on the key pictures, guarded by the diuresis and on the given laboratory tests (acid-pool, electrolyte plasmas, indicators of nitrogen exchange).

The first therapeutic stage of the field in the passage of the ethological treatment, as often for all the primed on the prophylactic visit. Such therapy is very good sense and yes, good results are only for saving the clockwork for medical assistance, and for carrying out the treatment already in the first year of the ingestion of toxins in the body.

Navіvazhі vyvazhі vypadki ostrunnya, for example, with dichlorethane, can end with a positive result, as well as reports zusil on shvidku vivedennyu wipe out the organism. At the same time, the picture is more friendly, as it is not seen the defeat of the liver.

As soon as the otruunnya became hepatotoxic speech, a complex of drug entry stagnated, which was straightened to the vivedennya from the organism. At the same time, pershochergovo slid in the slurry, add an adsorbent (active vugilla) to the new vaseline oil. For the first six years, it was recommended to carry out hemodialysis, with a stretch of two dib - peritoneal dialysis.

Predictions for the farther distance are even more agreeable, ale only for the mind, which was recognized at the earliest stages and was carried out adequately and not admittedly by the patient. In addition, in the general order, it should be possible to avoid contact with toxins. Do not expect the prognosis of nephropathy, which has developed as a result of the infusion of silicon, arsenate and cadmium.

Prophylactic enter the field in the first place in accordance with the legal norms of practice.

Toxic nephropathy is a pathological condition, which is characterized by tissue loss and deterioration of its functions as a result of the infusion of toxic words.

May be of great importance in the processes of biotransformation of large toxins. Nirks themselves take an active part in their metabolism and elimination of the body. We will help you with the filtering, secretion and excretion of functions of foldable transfer systems. Nirki vivoditi vivoditi nerazchinni in the water of chemical speech, at the same concentration in the structures of the given organ, it transmutes so in syrovatz blood.

The fate of nirok in the processes of introducing toxins into the pathway for trivial contact with cimi speech, which promotes the development of nephropathy.

Causes of the blame

Whether exogenous speeches of chemical or biological nature can be victorious in the battle. However, the deyakі from them may have a special path to nirk fabrics and more often for those who negatively infuse nirk structures. The stench was called “nephrotoxic speech”. Among them, the most often in the role of nephrotoxic factors are:

• medications for drugs (antibiotics, і sulfanilamіdnі drugs, protisudomіnі, cytostatics);
• X-ray contrast speech;
• Revision of the concentration of speeches, which can be seen in the body of people in the physiological minds (sečovaya acid, kaliy, calcium);
• half of important metals (lead, mish'yak, mercury, cadmium, beryl, bismuth and in.);
• chemistry, how to be vicious to fight with schoolchildren and roselin ailments (half phosphorus, chlorinated in carbohydrates);
• organic products (tetrachlorethylene, methanol, tetrachloromethane);
• glycols;
• hemolysis and in.

Mechanisms for the development of toxic nephropathy can be developed by:

• bezposredn high school for a lot of its high toxicity;
• negative inflow into the change of permissible concentrations;
• allergic reactions.

The nature of the steps of the development of the body is not only due to the chemical warehouse of the toxin and its concentration, but also to the specific body. Nirki, in which there is already a very pathological process, it is more important to endure the inflow of toxic substances in small concentrations.

how to manifest

Clinically manifest toxic nephropathy and malignancy. Most often it is very easy to overcome the form of ailments with laboratory tests (and blocks in the section). However, with a trivial injection of high concentrations of toxins, or with a decrease in the reactivity of the body and the presence of background discomfort, it can be important and irreversible.

I especially respect the slid of lykarsky nephropathies, as the broadening of them with skin rock grows. On the basis of some of the other types of toxic lesions in patients with lykar nephropathy, there is not only a toxic component, but rather an allergic reaction. At the connection with clear blood rushes, there may be a severe interruption in the battle court system and interstitium.

Likarski urazhennya nirok can manifest itself:

• guest house;
• nephrotic syndrome;
• tubulointerstitial nephritis (i);
• transgranular fibrosis;
• Illuminate.

Hostry lykarskiy glomerulonephritis often develops on the back of the onset of allergies and may be slowed down by the overload of syrovatous ailments. Name the fault to manifest itself in one of the onset syndromes:

• nephrotic (massive proteinuria, nabryaki, lowering the level of blood sugar and albumin in the blood, hypercholesterolemia);
• (Hematuria, proteinuria, arterial hypertension, Nabryaki).

Admission to glomerulonephritis with arthralgia, important lesions of the shkiri, high temperature is characteristic of sulfanilamide nephropathy. The basis of the pathology is the necrotizing reduction of other nirkovy vessels.

The important form of toxic damage to nirok with a gross nirk deficiency can be summed up:

• we host tubular necrosis;
• bilateral cortical necrosis;
• we will host the tubulointerstitia;
• hemoliticouremic syndrome;

Gostrium tubular necrosis does not develop very often as a result of the introduction into the body during diagnostic procedures of X-ray contrast (urographin, verographin), as it remains in the necrotic tubules, setting up the procedures for the procedure. Take a tsomu:

• the introduction of large doses of contrast;
• reduction of filtering healthiness on the basis of heart failure, diabetic diabetes;
• carrying out the doslіdzhennya on tlі hot events.

Also, nirok exercise is characterized by quick growths of uremia and uncomfortable prognosis.

Likewise, tubular nephrosis can be used as a reaction to aminoglycoside antibiotics. It is not easy to get lost due to decreased hearing (due to ototoxicity) and to manifest:

• oliguria (change in the number of slashes);
• Decreases in the efficiency of the slaughter;
• small protein and hematuria.

One of the best common reasons development of hospitality nirkova deficiency in likarsky urazhennya nirok є gostry tubulo interstitial nephritis... It is characteristic of the new one:

• stupid bill at dilyantsi nirok;
• the improvement of the dobovy kilkosti sich;
• slaughter siege (appearance of blood cells and leukocytes);
• early deterioration of the function of azotemia without oliguria.

Before children, accelerated lykarskoy nephropathy is diagnosed with bilateral cortical necrosis. It’s a very important break and show itself in a classy way:

• oliguria;
• to give birth to products of nitrogenous exchange in the blood;
• feverish;
• Intense pain across;
• to a large number of images of a blood cell and blood cells from a cross section.

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome of accelerated therapy with cytostatics. the main key manifestations this pathology can be:

• progressing uremia.

Hepato-renal syndrome often develops on aphthae of non-steroidal anti-epidurals. Vidminnoy special given pathology є preserving the concentration of the function of nirok in case of a sharp decrease in health to filtration. Typical signs of a tsyo zhvoryuvannya є:

• a change in the dobovy count;
• pechinkovo-klinna lack;
• rapidly growing azotemia.

When the nephrotoxic spits are removed from the sick person, a picture of hostile deficiency develops on the basis of symptoms of extra toxicity and toxic intestinal damage.

Basics of diagnosis and treatment

Diagnostics of toxic nephropathies To put the schob correct diagnosis, Clinical and laboratory data are required, as well as a history of toxic infusion. The planning plan in such categories includes:

• ultrasound doslіdzhennya nirok;
• in folding vipad -.

The main principle of the treatment of toxic lesions is nyrok - weakening of the cause, and the very principle of the treatment of toxic speech and vivenation of the organism. The tactics of the management of the ailments should be based on the nature of the pathological changes.

• Methods are used for elimination of the antigen.
• In case of gross urazhennye glomeruli or interstitial tissue, corticosteroids are recognized.
• When hemolytic-uremic syndrome is stagnant

Pathogenesis of toxic nephropathy.

There are two types of exotoxic damage: specific, it is not specific, it is not possible to imagine a nephrotropic chemistry in a number of nephrotropic chemistries on non-specific diseases, and it is nonspecific to develop

Specific urozhennya nirokuyut in Persha Cherga with hospitality dents with nephrotoxic speech, but wyklikayut with їkh "active transport" destruction of the visible disease of the tubules due to the development of the “backward” pathomorphological visualization. Unimportant on the basis of the intimacy of the mechanism of nephrotoxic speech, the sum total result of the same: the over-accumulation of cich spoluks in nirkas should be brought to the distribution of the enzymatic-exchange functions and the reduction of their life.

When infused on the organism of hemolytic speech in nirkas, a pathomorphological picture of a severe hemoglobinuric nephrosis develops. Pathomorphological data visualize the transport of blood to hemoglobin in the brain of internal vascular hemolysis and exotoxic shock. Vilny hemoglobin of the plasm is absorbed in the zone of chemical degradation of tissue degradation products and swells the character of an alien protein, causing an immune reaction to the organism. This reaction is manifested by a spasm of nirkovy vessels, a decrease in deuresis, an increase in temperature and other signs of the so-called endogenous toxicosis in case of toxic etiology.

Myorenal syndrome.

Diversity to the syndrome of trivial razdavlyuvannya m'yaziv. To develop in the amount of combined injected into the body of the growth factors, the most injected from the gostre, the most toxic substances of the narcotic drug languages ​​\ u200b \ u200bkintsivok. Patients are encouraged to lie on a hard surface on the boat (visibility during the day), sometimes in the position when sitting, with the doors turned up. "Morenal syndrome" can cause overwhelming coma, exotoxic shock, deterioration of the outbreak, coldness.

In case of pathomorphological preliminaries, manifestations of ischemic coagulation necrosis of the muscular tissues ("rhabdomyolis") arise in the zones of local positional health, and a small swelling develops and the cramping of the malignant tissue, rose In nirkah, there is a picture of hospitable pigment nephrosis, which is characterized by the presence of myoglobin in the nephron enlightenment and in the epithelium of vivid tubules. Myoglobin was consumed in the shelter from necrotic dalyanoks of urazhennyh m'yaziv.

In the pathogenesis of "moronal syndrome", a trivial spasm of the cortical spasm of the cortical ball and the development of shuntuvatisya juxtamedular blood circulation is of great significance. It is not possible to turn on the incidence of thromboplastic factors in the form of thromboplastic factors, as well as the occurrence of myolysis, as well as ischemic toxin, which manifests its effect on the type of tourniquet shock.

Cholemic nephrosis.

In the pathogenesis of toxic lesions in patients with hepatotoxic diseases (chotiricchloride in carbohydrates, mushroom toxins and іnshі), nephrotoxic effect of deyakim nirkami. Then, morphological data in case of pathology to complete the same type and є picture of diffuse cholemic nephrosis. Sign of necronephrosis

Nonspecific urazhennya nirok.

Nespetsifіchnі urazhennya nirok ekzotoksіcheskom etіologії mozhut viklikati yavischa toksichnoї nefropatії in vipadkah GOSTR otruєnnya practical whether Yakim toxicity rechovinoyu at osoblivo nespriyatlivomu poєdnannі rіznih torn down homeostasis in organіzmі and the Same: rіzkogo znizhennya arterіalnogo the clutches of torn down regіonalnogo krovoobіgu in Nirk i pechіntsі, rozladi water-elektrolіtnogo balance with important dyspeptic symptoms, trivial uncompensated acidosis, manifestations of chronic diseases of nirok (chronic nephritis, nephrosclerosis and others).

Diagnostics of toxic nephropathy.

Prior to the strongest clinical symptoms of toxic lesions in the toxicogenic stage, the state of the art is deprived of a decrease in the amount of dyuresis, for example, in the case of dileantsi nirok, due to the growing interstitial, some peripheral gains. Naybilsh yaskrava is a clinical picture of toxic nephropathy.

The main respect for the early diagnosis of toxic nephropathy is to approach the "cut syndrome" in the case of retinal dyuresis due to the urahuvannya carried out by the patient's infusion therapy, and it is possible to inject the birth of a late-morning hat. Vvazhaєya, how to reduce the diuresis to 500 ml for dob (20 ml per hour, 0.35 ml in quiline), put on the development of oliguria, and up to 100 ml for dobu (4-5 ml per hour, 0.07 ml in quiline) - anuria. One of the simplest indicators of the concentration of health is the level of strength of the section, which is important to progress with glucose and protein. With a single 1% glucose, the indicator increases by 0.0037, and 1% glucose - by 0.0026. Most of the high numbers of serum (up to 1024-1052) and protein (up to 330%) are prevented in case of toxic nephropathy, vicyclic and other hemolytic discourses, for example, osteocentesis, and severe prognosis. The stage of proteineuria in case of a whole increase in the degree of hemoglobinuria. High tests of the functional standard of azotemia, as well as the concentration index of the section (the ratio of the concentration of the section to the section of blood). Decrease of the index to 10 and lower depends on the turn of the deterioration of the functions of the nirok.

Suchasnі way to vivchennya funktsіonalnogo will nirok vklyuchayut vimіr osmolality vise plasma i sechі freezing point depression method vivchennya vzaєmin elektrolіtichnogo warehouse plasma krovі i sechі, acid luzhnoї rіvnovagi, vimіr klubochkovoїfіltratsії i kanaltsevoї reabsorbtsії, vimіr nirkovogo plasma flow, toksikologіchnі doslіdzhennya on viznachennyu klіrensu toxicity rechovin, kіlkіsne kalorimetrichnu Significant hemoglobin levels in blood plasma and blood plasma, as well as methods of radioisotope diagnostics of impaired functions.

Three degrees of severity of toxic nephropathy have been seen. Toxic nephropathy of mild severity manifest itself as a small amount and quickly pass (1-2 types) changes in the warehouse of the section, insignificant decrease in glomerular filtration (~ 76.6 ml per quiline) and low plasma flow (~ 582.2 ml per quiline) while preserving the concentration of low nitrogenous. Toxic nephropathy of the middle stage of severity manifest itself in greater swelling and strong changes of the malignant and morphological fold (up to 2-3 types) ml in quiline). for severe toxic nephropathy characteristic syndrome of hostile deficiency with swellings of oliguria, azotemia, creatinemia, severe decrease in glomerular filtration (~ 22.8 ml in quiline), in cases of plasma reabsorption (88.9%) ... Gostra nirkova lack of quality during hospitality otruunnya is seen as an important key break through the common battle of the liver and legends, which will increase the high lethality. Slid vrahovuvati, when you are hospitalized in a group of important patients with toxic nephropathy and hepatopathy, you will become susceptible to the syndrome of nirkovo-liver failure. As a result of a single control of the liver, and in some way, there is a mutually compensating inflow of the functions of the important organs. Moreover, as a result of the appearance of nephrotoxicity in a number of chemical words, as well as the manifestations of toxic hepatopathy and hepatotoxicity of chemical words, which disrupt the function of nirok. It is especially important to introduce a hundred changes in the clinical symptoms and dynamics of laboratory data in case of a non-toxic exotoxic ethology.

Clinic and diagnostics of hostile deficiency.

There are 4 main periods in the classic picture of the guest's lack of quality. Period of the cob stage of a naughty official Induce the appearance of the toxicogenic phase of the seizure of the power of this toxic speech by the clinical symptomatology. V period of oligoanuria When it’s close to 2, the picture of endogenous uremic intoxication is growing, as a result of the inherited blockade of glomerular filtration due to the appearance of the function of nircal cleansing (renal azotemia). However, unimportant on the important side of the class, the patient’s camp of the azotemia will be tempted to become too small (up to 3-4 g / l), to explain the lowering of the process of setting the sevine in one oven. At the same time, the deterioration of the water-electrolyte exchange is constantly occurring, when K + goes from the cells to the roof, Na + replaces the one who develops hypertension. The whole process can be explained by the non-triviality of the urinary tract, which is characterized by the high internal and low concentration of K +, as it is necessary for the plant to consume the oxidative energy of the cells for the destruction of the cells. in the case of hospitals, which are often supervised by reduced oxidative processes in cells and increased penetration of cell membranes, the loss of internal cell K + is inevitable. With the symptoms of oligoanuria, there is no longer any problem with K + nirkami, hypercalculation of the symptoms of malignant toxicity (deterioration of the heart and nerves) A very high stage of hypercalculation is susceptible to hypercritical derangements, when hemolysis occurs, or myolysis is accompanied by an intense release of K + s from genital clin to the plasma. V renewal period of duresis for with high K + injections through the intestinal tract, the hepatic hypochondrium, which is clinically prone to manifest specific symptoms of internal malnutrition - meat weakness and minor. dali infusion period of use.

The stage of the first electrical dissociation is based on the level of natural efficiency of the given electrolyte. Chim vishche tsei klirens, tim more intensive accumulation during anuria and a large increase in the increase in the concentration of standards. They do not care for those who, during oligoanuria, have destroyed the effects of all electrolytes, and increase the concentration in plasma, which makes them less likely to be deprived of them. The price is tied to the development of the hyperhydration of the organism during the whole period of the growth of the deficiency, if the process of accumulation of water is faster, the process of accumulation of words with low clarity (Na +, Cl -, concentration of water until the result ... For those who are in the polyurethane phase, if they add salts, the concentration of Na +, Cl - and Ca 2+ will return to normal. In addition to the mechanics of breeding, there is a lot of change in the relationship to K +.

Hyperhydration of the organism in case of gastrointestinal insufficiency of the liver disease is not only oligoanuria, but also by transudation of large plasmas into the intermediate tissue in connection with the increased penetration of capillaries, but also such At the same time, the osmotic grip of plasmas quickly falls, the swelling and swelling of the clin appear, which accumulate important changes in the brain and the development of neuropsychiatric disorders and the destruction of the terrific ecstasy. Remaining most often manifested by the syndrome of "vologic lungs", which is a developmental stage of growing interstitial fabric of the lungs. The change in the legends tends to give rise to a revolving development in case of renewed duresis and decreases in hyperhydration, to serve as friendly drivers for the diagnosis of pneumonia, differential diagnosis of anxiety.

A permanent companion of the hostile deficiency of toxic etiology є anemia, which is of a zalizodeficit character and is tied to the damage of eritropoiesis. Destruction of the disease and anemia significantly contribute to tissue hypoxia, so that it opens up unpleasant minds for the regeneration of normal nutrition and the renewal of non-toxic functions, as it is not important to prevent toxicity. Especially Dovgy protіkaє vіdnovlennya nirkovih funktsіy at GOSTR otruєnnyah otstovoyu esentsієyu, kagda azotovidіlnoї kontsentratsіyna zdatnіst nirok povnіstyu normalіzuєtsya tіlki pid kіnets 6th mіsyatsya pіslya zahvoryuvannya cob, and when vazhkіy nefropatії, viklikanoї otruєnnyam etilenglіkolem, podіbne vіdnovlennya funktsіy Je great rіdkіstyu.

The most common cause of toxic nephropathy is the removal of osttovuyu plant, chotirychloride in coal, spikes of important metals, substitutes for alcohol.

Likuvannya urazheniya liver and nirok ekzotoksicheskogo etiology.

At the toxicogenic stage of the hostile detachment, if the structural damage in the furnaces is still forming, the main significance is the acceleration of the appearance of toxic words in the body. In addition, it is necessary to extract pathogenetic therapy for exotoxic shock, the preservation of specific antidotes and "pechinkovyh" drugs... At the somatogenic stage, if there is a clinical picture of a hostile nirkovo-liver deficiency, the main meaning is to come in, to forget about the intrusive functions of the organs of health (in the growth of regeneration on the heads of the heads). Navi with important forms of withdrawal of hepato- and nephrotoxic substances (dichlorethane, for the loss of important metals, ethylene glycol and others) renal-pechinkovu deficiency.

Pathogenetic therapy.

Okskіlki rich factors in the pathogenesis of hostile toxic hepatopathy and nephropathy є gallbladder, pathogenetic therapy often appears to be the same type. In general, the main respect is to get rid of such toxic shock, and the most significant is the renewal of microcirculation in the parenchymal organs (for additional intensive disease of the disease). Particularly, it is also possible to borrow the internal introduction of proteolytic enzymes (trasilol, counterkal). For experiental danimi, stink uniquely znizhuyut letalnіst tvarin i zmenshuyut yavischa nefro- i gepatonekroz, ymovіrno, vnaslіdok blockade patologіchnih sudinnih refleksіv in parenhіmatoznih bodies oposeredkovano through kіnіnovu system and takozh in rezultatі znizhennya aktivnostі mіkrosomalnoї oxidase, scho zatrimuє nebezpechny metabolіzm bagatoh nefro- i hepatotoxicity speech. Often, there is a need for the elimination of internal vascular hemolysis, which is often associated with hemolytic speech.

An effective way of prophylaxis and treatment of toxic hepato- and nephropathy is the method of forced diuresis for additional osmotic diuretics (sechovina, manitol) or saluretics (furosemide). Basic factors lіkuvalnimi forsovanogo dіurezu Je: zmenshennya kontsentratsії nefro- i rechovin hepatotoxicity in pervinnіy sechі, priskorennya zvіlnennya organіzmu od Tsikh toxicity rechovin, zmenshennya gemodinamіchnogo support nirkovih kanaltsіv of vіdnovlennyam їh prohіdnostі at zakuportsі (gemoglobіnurіya, mіogemoglobіnurіya, kristalurіya) vіdnovlennya nirkovogo bloodstream i oksigenatsіya nirk fabric.

Specific pharmacotherapy.

Antidote therapy is an important component of pathogenetic therapy in the toxicogenic phase. When the nephrotoxic spores of important metals and mish'yak are removed from the nephrotoxic conditions, unitiol is widely used, which can be used with many words of hydrodynamic complex spoluks (cyclical organisms and mercaptism).

At the time of the removal of ethylene glycol, ingibitorium of alcohol dehydrogenase becomes stagnant - an enzyme of the liver, which is indicative of the metabolic breakdown of the chain of speech to more toxic metabolites - glycolic aldehyde, glucose. At the same time, ethanol (in a dose of 1 ml / kg) is stagnant, the biochemical spore rate of alcohol to alcohol dehydrogenase is significant, lower in ethylene glycol or methanol. In addition, calcium salts are introduced during the internal clarification of oxalates and the ability of the glycols to flow into the bloodstream.

When hepatotoxic fluids are removed (chlorinated in carbohydrates, fungi and others), alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E), lipocaine, acetylcysteine, and selenium drugs are stuck. Some of the drugs may be antioxidant power and are called bioantioxidants. In the diet of antioxidants, there are many different aspects of this energetic therapeutic activity. They are involved in the development of radical products in the metabolism of chlorinated carbohydrates and stabilization of membrane lipoproteins. Antioxidants are known to normalize a number of exchange processes by way of blocking reactions of reoxidation of bisulfates to organisms: glycogen, lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids, proteins and others. The key minds have the best preventive effect of drug preparations in case of early stagnation in the toxicogenic phase. In case of offenders with a toadstool, positive dietary intake nadaє alpha-lipoєva (thioctova) acid in extra dose 300 mg with intravenous speckled injection in 5% dextran. Mechanism of a drug effective for a drug is imovirno, nonspecific. Alpha-lipoic acid is necessary in the process of oxidation of keto acids and to enter the store of coenzyme therapy for liver failure, whether of any ethology.

Pharmacotherapy is not specific.

"Pechinkova therapy" on the basis of an antidote is based on the elimination of pathogenetic officials to develop pechinko-nyrcological deficiencies, nevertheless, in the form of chemistry speech. Stagnate so called lipotropic drugs, which reduce the fatty liver oil, in the carbohydrate without adding and coenzyme, as they save their dietary intake during the further process of changing the pathological phase. Vikoristannya tsikh lykarskih medications are not of any special features, the power of therapies gostrich bran. Ogruntuvannya їkh corrisnostі in toxic hepatopathy є clinical advice. Yak lipotropic lykarsky drugs will become stagnant in group B (B1, B6, B12, B15); 5-11% of glucose levels (up to 1 g per kg of weight of a patient for dobu) with insulin (8-12 OD) are used for renewal of stocks of glycogen. A complex is introduced to coenzyme A (200-240 mg per dobu), cocarboxylase (150 mg), alpha-lipoic acid (100-200 mg) and nikotinamid (200 mg) to improve the accumulation of products in the exchange of pyrovic acid (acetoin, 2,3-butylene glycol and іnshі), as they play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. It is of great importance for the improvement of reparative processes in the process of making a trivial course of storage, as well as additional assistance in the recognition of phospholipidnі in the form of a clitin.

At the toxicogenic stage, the gostrich is deprived of hepato- and nephrotoxic vernaculars, the glucocorticoid therapy is used. Even in case of exotoxic shock, the recommendations for the treatment of glucocorticosteroids should not be affected, then in the cob phase the development of liver-nircoid deficiencies is evident, it is obvious that there is a risk of malnutrition of drug-related drugs. In circulating minds, the cortical antihepatic effect of glucocorticoids and the stable infusion on the membranes of the lysosomes of hepatocytes appears on a different plane, since toxic damage to the liver is not ethiologically related to the process of development.

The effectiveness of the "pechinkovo" and antidote therapy with gostrich sprains with hepato- and nephrotoxic speech is significantly improved with the intraportal method of administration of lykarsky drugs, which successfully stagnates in CLINIC PRACTICE... Intra-portal (transumbilical) infusions lead to a higher concentration of drugs in the liver, less specific methods of introduction. Consume into the body through the portal vein, drugs minify physiological filters (lungs, intestines and іnshі), as the stench is added with parenteral administration or take the medication through the middle. Catheterization of the umbilical vein is performed by extra-abdominal access using the method of G.E. Ostroverkhov and A.D. Nikolsky. The polyethylene catheter is attached to the system for the infusion of drugs: polyglucin, 5-0% glucose with insulin, vitamins of group B, cocarboxylase, sodium bicarbonate and others. The triviality of infusions is 3-9 dib in the form of a patient, as a rule, I will grow more quickly, but not with an extraordinary method of carrying out the same treatment of medical assistance. The method of the best vypravdaniy in the early period of the toxicogenic stage gostrich bran in case of exotoxic shock.

Complex therapy of pechinkovo-nirkovo deficiency.

At the somatogenic stage, with a flared clinical picture of liver-nirkov deficiency, a complex therapy is carried out. The peculiarities of the connection with the re-distribution of azotemic abohepatergic components in the development of endogenous toxicosis. In the same way, the main meta of the whole complex is the treatment of polygens in detoxification and the reduction of the basic constants to homeostasis for an hour, which is necessary for the renewal of the functional health of the parenchymal organs.

Importantly, the azotemic type of endogenous toxicosis is susceptible to the syndrome of gastrointestinal deficiency in patients with nephrotoxic drugs. Likuvannya to recover in the oligoanuric phase: conservative detoxification therapy and methods of extrarenal cleansing of the body become stagnant. In case of sparing minimal dyuresis, it is recommended to stimulate another drug with diuretic drugs. For the whole, 2.4% euphilinu (10-20 ml) is injected internally with manitol (1 g / kg) or furosemide. Zastosuvannya saluretikiv vvazhaєtsya we shorten the call for good tolerance of high doses of cich licarsky drugs. It is recommended to set the cob dose to be 250-500 mg with any additional amounts of up to 3 g per dobu. As soon as the diuretic effect is suspected of the introduction of cob doses of drug drugs, it is not recognized (the diuretic test is negative), then further away the diuretic test is not effective. The main reason is to approach the methods of extrarenal cleansing. By the simplest method of extrarenal cleansing, it is necessary to reach for the additional introduction of 250-300 ml of 30% sodium sulfate into the slurry. The method of best validation in the oligoanuric stage of hospitality is the removal of chlorine in carbohydrates for manifestations of extravagant hyperhydratation to the body and to the collection of legends. In vipads with a severe toxic ear of the shlunkovo-intestinal tract (with chemistry and bleeding) the vicious method is contraindicated.

Conservative therapy of azotemic intoxication, including the use of reducing blood sugar metabolism (trasilol), increasing the water-electrolyte balance and acid-puddle reaction, is effective, in the number of periods of inadequate oligoanhymia. The greatest success in treatment with severe azotemic endotoxicosis can be achieved by early hemodialysis for the additional device "piece nirka". It is shown that you want to serve a quick development of azotemic intoxication with an additional increase in blood volume of more than 0.5 g / l, which will supervise the deterioration of the water-electrolyte balance and the growth of metabolic acidosis. The most significant in terms of indication before hemodialysis is the loss of the patient's age, not very often associated with other disorders of the other organs (toxic dystrophy of the myocardium, toxic hepatopathy, non-infection) In cich vipadkah dialez, it is necessary to carry out in a greater early period of time in case of altogether low azotemia (1-1.5 g / l), the development of electrolytic and acidic dissociation is not possible. Hemodialis to the development of a clinical picture of uremia is easier to tolerate by patients and a number of severe delayed periods (azotemic bleeding, toxic brain clots, pulmonary clots, heart-sucking deficiency). Carrying out hemodialysis, allowing for a stretch of 3-6 years, is seen from 30 to 90 g of seed, normalization of K + іNa + in plasma, acid-base acidification, and, if necessary, in the mode of ultrafiltration of organisms. In case of important otstovyu otstovuyu, etylenglikol, oxalic acid, in case of "moronal syndrome", the renewal of nirk functions is not easily overridden. A new skin session of hemodialysis is more and more important to carry over because of the growing anemia, infectious lesions and dystrophy of the myocardium. In the process of hemodialysis, there is often an acceleration: psychomotor zbudzhennya, sudom, nabryak legends, collapse. In the minds of the minds of the basic constants, the body becomes more and more foldable.

Slide of memory, but in case of toxic nephropathy, not only and not the style of azotemia will increase the severity of the patient's camp, but in the first place, the deterioration of the water-electrolyte balance and the acid-lush middle, the development of the disease is shown methods of extrarenal cleansing. At the connection with the cysts, it is recommended to clinically test other methods for postponing detoxification of the body, such as peritoneal dialysis, hemofiltration, hemosorption, plasmapheresis. Significantly progressing hemodialysis according to the sechovine clearing, and methods can be stuck in the warehouse of complex detoxification therapy. From the point of view of the possibilities їх registration for the elimination of hospitality nirkovoi disadvantages in this hour is clearly less than one challenge - the ability to see the body of toxic protein complexes, which does not dіalіzіzіvіt through a piece membrane dіalіzіtіvіy dіalіzіtіvu dіalіzіtіvіd through a piece membrane. For example, the most important in the development of endotoxicosis is the accumulation in the blood of products of protein metabolism - oligopeptides Medium molecular weight, so called "middle molecules", so that it does not need to be protected for the process of degradation of the disease. "Medium molecules" block the transport function of albumin, accelerate the physiological development of humoral mediators and biologically active speech lines, thereby damaging the extravagant homeostasis and development of polyorganic deficiencies.

Purification of blood through ion exchange resin and sorbent assets (hemosorption, plasma sorption) appeared to be effective for those who see it from the body and is a fundamentally new ability to fight against the medium of toxicity, especially to respect One hour before the methods of physiotherapy (ultraviolet and laser).

In the rest of the rock, there is a significant interest in detoxification of the drainage of the thoracic duct, which is one of the main functions of the lymphatic system, in the visualization of the interstitial tissue of the metabolic products of young metabolism, including. At the oligoanuric stage of congestion on the basis of the circulating hyperactivity of the organism, it is necessary to take into account the need to add 800 to 2700 ml of lymph, purify it by the method of lymphosorption and turn the patient's health, so that the energy is normalized.

The designated methods of extrarenal and post-pectoral cleansing are not competitive. The current period before detoxification therapy is transferred to the need for a second test of decile methods (aforementioned, diabetic and sorbent) in one patient

Therapy is symptomatic.

I have great respect for the advancement of intestinal autointoxication by means of the enterosorption (polyphepan, SKT-6a, SKN at 1 g / kg for 3-10 days) and oral administration of antibiotics in a wide range of intestines for administration.

The great value of hemostatic therapy (Vitamin K, calcium gluconate and other drugs) is aimed at the prevention and treatment of slunk-intestinal hemorrhage, in case of such, as the development of intestinal anemia, hypotension By reducing blood catabolism in important toxic hepato- and nephropathies, it is shown that anabolic steroids (nerobol) are consumed, as they give a positive inflow to the processes of regeneration of parenchymal organs.

It is important to carry out the correction of acid-pool pressure and decrease the hypoxia of the parenchymal organs by means of intensive oxygen therapy in the pressure chamber when we move with a tight sour.

Foldable nirkova dysfunction, viclikana with chemical or organic speech, I will call it toxic nephropathy. There is a wider spread of the nirk system, according to the statistics on the th part of the attack 30% of the nirok disease. І s dermal rock and numbers may mean the power of growth. Danish ailment develops for a rakhunok on the basis of clitin with toxins and offal, often flowing through the system of the intestinal tract, dichny paths, through pores.

Classification

Nephropathy can be divided into two types: specific and nonspecific syndrome. Until the first time, you can see the bran, tied with branded words, such as mercury, lead, chemical acids, vitriol, mish'yak and іn. Through the intoxication of the organism, the robot will break down and the liver. With a different type of rejection, an excess of hostile speeches will come up with a rejection, and may be haemodynamic damage (bite from comas, snakes, intoxication with mushrooms, low quality, Alcohol overdose, etc.).

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Causes and pathogenesis

The reception of lіkіv stretching out a trivial period can provoke a sickness.

Otruynyh spoluk, wiklikayut nirkovy pathologies, a great spectrum. A lot of them settle in the house in the process of living of people, and as if they bathe when they carry ailments. Looking at the disease can be manifested as an overdose of lykarsky diseases during the period of the course of therapy, if only one-time help is provided. The most common reasons for the diagnosis of nephropathy є:

the penetration of branded words into the middle of the organism as a result of implantation in the hedgehog of bran mushrooms; drinking in stravohid or through a shkir of toxic chemical spoluk; otruunnya, wiklican with important metal salts; radioactively infected; Infectious diseases excess alcohol in the blood; living the faces by stretching the trivial period; after the procedure of blood transfusion, yak did not go for the characteristics; strong shkirni ears (wounds, opikas), which pulled the infected blood behind them; drinking alien microorganisms into the blood.

Toxic from children

Okremo varto will show this disease in children. In the first place, the child's organism appears in the womb of the slaughter. The weakness of children to the nephropathic syndrome is overwhelmed by recessive pathologies in the nirk structures, either with congenital lesions of the sechostatus apparatus, or similarly, the child's mother has become painful for hours. I stimulate the development of vidhilen in children piece vigodovannya, Parts of infectious colds.

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Symptoms of toxic nephropathy nirok

Bile on the back in the area of ​​low is the most common symptom.

You will always be able to get some inherited inheritance, you need to know the symptoms of nephropathic intoxication. And such є:

oligoanuria - a syndrome of a decrease in the number of children, which is seen by an organism during urinary tract; lack of strength - a low grip in the arteries; slowdown not dichannya; strong and weak pain in the area of ​​nirok; positive to blues, emptying the slunk with the appearance of bloodshed; diarrhea; more visions in the area of ​​sleepy gossip; you may be uncomfortable, weak, sleepy.

Storage and inheritance

For the nephropathic syndrome, the development of such diseases, such as bacterial tissue damage in nirkas, hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, and hypertension nirkova deficiency, is accelerated. Pain relief of a risky step in the area of ​​the base of the ridge, inappropriate views in the slopes, vіdhilennymi at sechovipuskannі, as well as a low grip, besides, the ailing can freeze. With the inoculation of a blood depot, it is possible to promote under-infestation and increase in the number of leukocytes.

Functional uremia can be the cause of a lethal result for the patient, since symptoms have appeared - lykarska additional help is required. Vaughn to bring to the development of dysfunctions of the nephrons, or even more in the robotic organ. Symptoms of such an incidence are: a decrease in the number of slags, an unpleasantness in the production of toxins and slags by the body, a decrease or an increase in acidity, anhydrous water. Nyrcovy necrosis develops on the basis of such dysfunction, which is an important inheritance and possibly a cause of death.

With the manifestation of this disease, the nirk system is in the middle of the earth.

Otruunnya part of the wine through the damage to the body with toxic products is hateful, but the reason for the increase is the overdose of the disease or the disease, which was given by the seryoznі slowdown. With the development of toxic nephropathy in Pershu cherga, the nirkova system is hungry, and the following inherits are used:

Gostra nirkova lack. It is characterized by problematic secular problems - the number of vivered births is very low, as much as the process of seeing urine is replenished. It can be developed with acute renal failure, as a syndrome of acute aggravation. For the old pidsumkom of intoxication with a low level of symptomatology.

diagnostic methods

In case of medical care, respect for the diagnosis of toxic nephropathy. It is necessary to be more precise about a substitute, which has become the cause of the destruction of organs. For the determination of the factors, it is necessary to develop a mental analysis of the slaughter, to take shelter for preliminaries for the appearance of anemia and leukocytosis. Besides, it will be carried out to determine the cause of the syndrome. It is necessary to provide a more thorough camp of nephrons and their functions - an analysis of blood behind a biochemical warehouse. It is possible to carry out an ultrasound scan for nirok. If necessary, additional clarification should be carried out by tomography and X-ray. However, in a great deal of problems, it is necessary to give the nobility a frustrating factor and to analyze them and show ailments.

If an overdose was inflated to the smallest detail, or the apparent ill-health gave an acceleration, it was required to bring out of the mouth the blast of speech, which would stimulate the rush of blood to nirok. If the reason is more flexible, it is also necessary to put pressure on the key minds, the term of the patient's reanimation may be possible. Wiklikan's ailment to the chronic form, Lіkuvannya to lay down in the specific processes that run through in the organs, and the nature of the changes that occur.

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Yake zasosovyut lykuvannya?

The most popular method of first aid is the washing of the slunk.

We are happy with the treatment of nephropathic detachment, neutralization of refractory factors and extraneous weakening from the body. Medical assistance at this point it is necessary immediately. Axis of newest come in first help when wears off:

Waste washing - as if toxins were consumed in the shelter through a poisonous drug or a great amount of lykarsky means. For a strong sorbent, it must be removed - in case of chemical intoxications or out of industrial waste. active vugilla Abo hemosorption - it is possible to vive toxins, which were consumed in the blood. Applying the attachment "piece nirka" - vikoristovutsya in nyvazhchih vypadki.

Toxic nephropathy is not safe for the patient's life. At times, if there is a NEPHROTIC stroke, you cannot do without a high-quality training. The most popular methods classroom policy vvazhayutsya vikoristannya " piece nirka»I detoxification for the additional help of an active person. These methods give the ability to extrude the grated components into the body. If you are far away to neutralize, come in quickly, there are hundreds of pleasant heritage. Predict loyalty in such cases. Possibility of renewal to run.

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Forecast and prevention

Severe dysfunction may be due to low factors. Have a lot of fallowing and varto accept professional come in... Chast_shayut vypadki mushroom offal. Tse vіdbuvaєtsya through zbirannya wildweed species, as vyavlyayutsya otruynymi. To that end, the grave inheritance of the need to be surrounded by the implantation of the whole day is unified. Overdosing with lykarsky preparations of vinikє in case of self-mediated treatment and reception of highly vigorous diseases. To that, before implanting tablets, or mixtur safely, read the recommendation of Fakhivtsya.

Parts of the striking of the nirkovy apparatus are found on the chemistry devices. This kind of work is shown to people who are sick before the development of oncology or the development of nirkovy dysfunctions. To make sure that the workers from the detachment can use the technical mechanics of the work, so that you can make more contact with the tools. In quiet people, if there is no intermittent contact with the spinal chasm, it is necessary to undergo regular preventive reconversions of the nephrotic system. It is necessary to prey on its own; Varto dotrimuvatisya installed safety technology. As well as in the body, pathological changes are always seen, more beautifully changing the sphere of activity. If symptoms appear more beautifully, they immediately turn up to the disease, so it is possible that additional help is needed immediately.

Ethiological officials of the industry can reach numbers and can be united in the onset of larger ethiological and pathogenetic groups.

I. Shokova nirka. ARF develops in case of traumatic shock with massive tissue loss, waste blood, plasma, tissue origin and reflex shock, which can lead to hypovolemia and hypotonia, venous and arterial blood loss, as well as in superficial hemorrhage. It is especially often to be spared in case of serious illnesses and injuries, important operative injuries, cases of abnormalities of the liver tissue, fatigue, in case of myocardial infarction and hematologic disasters, severe vertebral disasters, ...

II. Nirka is toxic. OPN is diagnosed with such nephrotropic spines, such as mercury, propylene glycol, bertolethous salts, sulfanilamides, etc.

III. Gostra infectious (infectious-toxic) nirka... Gostra uremia can develop with distant hemorrhagic nephritis, Weyl-Vasilyev's ailments, anaerobic infections, which can prevent arterial vices from falling, collapse. Anaerobic infection is often superficial, as well as proliferation of malignancies, criminal abortion.

IV. Sudden obstruction. ARF can be diagnosed with nirkovy vasculitis, severe scleroderma nirti, malignant hypertension with burhliv Arteriolonecrosis, with total measles necrosis in vaginal patients, pyelonephritis with necrotic panillitis.

V. Gostra obstruction sečovyh nobles. Also spriy OPN sulfanilamidna nirka, sechokam'yana ailment etc. D.

In the given hour, it is more common to stop parasitic arresters on prerenal, renal and postrenal, which are permitted, especially in the case of pre- and postrenal arresters, in case of pre- and postrenal arresters, as a result of pre-renal arresters. The main causes of the arrester are suspected to be seen by the groups below.

I. Prerenal arrester

1. Signs of lack of tissue perfusion, lowering of CF and low central vice

Oligemic shock Hemorrhage, opic, waste of water and electrolytes in cases of bloating, diarrhea, fistuli of the slug Cardiogenic shock, myocardial infarction, embolism legendary artery Bacterial shock

2. Vipadas from the fall of KF, ale without hypotonia

Deficiency of water and salts of Gostra hypercalcemia

II. renal arrester

1. Hostrium tubular or cortical necrosis

a) shock from uncorrected prerenal ARF:

surgical trauma and symptoms of blood loss or septic shock gostry pancreatitis

b) hemoglobin or myoglobin:

blood transfusions accelerated hemolytic anemia

c) nephrotoxic speech:

chotiricchloride in carbon, inorganic salts of mercury important metal ethylene glycol likarski speech (antibiotics, phenacitin, sulfanilamide drugs)

2. Blockade of tubules, for example, urates, sulfanilamides

III. Postrenal arrester

Nirkovi stones Retroperitoneal fibrosis Pukhlina of the pelvic organs surgical operations for the number of times per year

For the most common reasons, surge arresters can be found in most demanding mills. So, S. Dean і spіvavt. (1977) sped on the development of oliguria and those signs of a hostile and nirk disadvantage among young people, which is a deterioration without peace in a sauna. Efficiency of blood transfusion is not caused by hemolysis only as a result of blood transfusion acceleration and removal of hemolytic branches. Hemolysis with a similar transient arrester S. Owusu і spivavt. (1972), as well as O. Selroos (1972) prevented patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G-6-FDG) erythrocytes in ailments, and T. Pollard and I. Weiss (1970) - in marathon runners with tricky scoring.

It was not only in case of injuries that the breakdown of the mucous membranes with the thunderbolt and the myoglobinurium winners was caused. S. Leonard and E. Eichner (1970) spasmed at march and idiopathic rhabdomyolysis, and N. Kopsa and spivavt. (1977) - when frozen. . Nephrotoxicity of antibiotics - gentamicin, neomycin, rifampicin, colistin, radiopaque speech, which can become stagnant in case of pretreatment of sufferers, malignant and secular habits, products of detoxification of young anesthetics

In some cases, lykarsky nephrotoxins penetrate into the body in an unwavering way.

V. Bornshewer and spivavt. (1975) spared a sick person who, in conjunction with an infectious disease, was given a drug to avenge mercury. After 2 months, symptoms of mercury intoxication developed, as well as oliguria and development of nitrogenous slags in the blood. The manifestations of a hostile lack of self-consciousness became aware of the appearance of a love affair.

A. Barrientos and spivavt. (1977) described the development of a hostile deficiency in a 28-year-old man;

If you have a lot of money Lykarskiy rechovin Defeat nirok with the development of a hostile nirkova deficiency may be allergic genesis.

P. Faarup і E. Christensen (1974) cite the history of ailments of myocardial infarction, in which phenobarbital viklicalo will have visipa, oliguria, azotemia. In case of punctual biopsies, a picture of gastrointestinal tubulointerstitial nephropathy with ignited infiltrates near the Sudins is revealed. Prescribing a barbіturatu and the appointment of prenіzolone and antihistamines led after 3 additional renewal of the function of nirok.

Blockade of tubules with urates develops in case of immunosuppressive drug treatment new options hostile leukemia It is described in individuals who have not been acclimatized to specs, before the hour of important physical robots.

Obstruction of cuttings with D. Levin candida and spivavt. (1975) spared a sick person with a decrease in immunological reactivity in the past radioactive iodine in conjunction with thyrotoxicosis.

Of particular importance among the causes of acute renal failure is a major pathology.

Dzherelami emboli with embolism of the nirkovo artery can be in front of the heart in case of mitral stenosis, vegetation from the valves of the heart with endocarditis, atheromatous aorta was seen. Oscillations of the embolism of the nirkovo artery often develop at once from the embolism of the other organs, and it usually grows even more rarely. According to N. Hoxie and S. Coggin (1940), only in 3 out of 348 vypadki vyavlenih on the rosette of the embolism of the nirkovo artery, the diagnosis of the incidents for the life of ailments. One-sided embolism of a nirkovo artery does not lead to a hostile nirkova disadvantage; you can only in the times of a two-sided battle, as if there was an occlusion of the artery of a single nirka.

We are sick with adolescence for an embolism of nirkovy arteries, it is necessary to carry out an aortography inaccurately, it will be seen as soon as possible in 12 years, and in case of partial occlusion - through a few days of the new function of nirk.

In case of resection of aortic aneurysms, acute renal failure, which develops in 17-24% of cases, can be associated with thrombosis of the nirkoval arteries, as well as severe tubular necrosis through the collapse during an hour of surgery, etc. , state of pancreatitis, State of Dissemination of Internal Vascular Coagulation.

In newborns, thrombosis of the nircoval arteries is often associated with gastroenteritis and dehydration. Yak and thrombosis of nirkovy veins, it can lead to severe nirkovy deficiency in a single unilateral injury. As many as half of the described types of thrombosis of nircovy veins are more common in children. Some thrombosis develops in the first year of the nation's life, rosy, in utero, and often starts in the first month of life. To fix thrombosis from pains in the area across, fever, dyspeptic disorders on dehydration (high hematocrit).

Often, thrombocytopenia, elevated prothrombin hour and coagulogram changes, are spontaneous. A block and erythrocytes appear at the sech. Nirka zbіlšena in size, but not to be confused contrasting speech with internal urography. On the retrograde pellogram one can see the pressure of the calyx, extravasation of the contrasting speech in the parenchyma, the blood clot in the ball. The prognosis, as a rule, is unpleasant. Thrombectomy for phlebography - ekstrena mira, Zdatna protect one, or navіt grievances nirki. In case of a one-sided process, it is blown up to nephrectomy. Odorlessness is possible at conservative lіkuvannі This includes the therapy of the main disease, rehydration, anticoagulants, and the fight against symptoms of uremia.

In grown-ups, thrombosis of the nircovine veins should be repaired and brought to nephrotic syndrome in the endocytic vein until CNI. ARF develops in two types - non-reversible in case of vein thrombosis on the smallest apparent amyloidosis or even thrombosed veins of the nirk graft. In general, fast thrombectomy changes the function of the graft.

At nemovlyat ARN can be also a lot of perinatal asphyxia. T. Dauber і spіvavt. (1976), when they spied 7 such types of problems, they established an interchange of functions in 5 patients after 12 months after the transferred hostility or disability.

Malicious hypertension even in the early stages can be accelerated by the surge arrester with the development of oliguria. An extensive therapy with hypotensive drugs has been introduced, and hemodialysis of a peritoneal dialysis allows one to consider a trivial remission and polypsychitis function of nirok in a number of types. It’s not possible to be renewed, and it’s not safe to fight the vertebral bottom and to lose sight, to go to bilateral nephrectomy with regular hemodialysis for further addicts, or for the additional transplantation of the nerve.

Closely 1% of arrester arresters develop as a result of systemic angiitis from the results to the process of nirkovy vasodins. Prior to them, vuzlikovy periarteritis, Wegener's granulomatosis, gostra sclerodermic nirka are introduced into the first place. The development of these stan- dards is extremely important, as well as adequate immunosuppressive therapy for hemodialysis can lead to the renewal of the function of nirok.

It was also about a traumatic injury of nirkovy vessels, which is supervised by a hostile nirkovy deficiency. An external two-sided disruption of the nirkovy connection can pass through the vessels of power in case of an automobile accident, fall from the sky, etc. In case of a unilateral strike, tubular necrosis can develop in a non-malignant nerve.

Traumatic thrombosis of the nirkovo artery is also the most likely to be diagnosed in case of road accidents, but sometimes it can develop in the fall on the streets (Grablowsky O. et al., 1970], for one hour of thrombosis on sledges in grasses. The manifestation of nonfunctional nirka during internal urography with a normal picture during retrograde polygraphy allows to establish the correct diagnosis, which is confirmed by the data of aortography.

clinical nephrology

ed ed. EAT. Tareeva

In case of severe rejection and intoxication of nirka, you can become astonished with a development of toxic nephropathy. Only a little more quickly can help people to uncover an important acceleration of such manifestations - a nirk disadvantage.

toxic nephropathy

Due to toxic nephropathy, the reduction of parenchymal diseases, glomerular apparatus, as well as infusion of exogenous and endogenous toxic products and metabolites (code for MKH-10 - N14.4).

The classification of pathology includes the following types:

Specific nephropathy. It is tied with hospitable toxicoses, which can be diagnosed with rejection by small nephrotoxic rivers. Often, the deterioration of the function of the liver develops. Nonspecific nephropathy. Surrounded by the roslads of hemodynamics of the developmental ethology, provoked by the important detachments.

Causes and pathogenesis

Defeat nirok can be found through pathogenic infusion on the tissue of the very out-of-mouth speech, products in their fall, as well as on the development of autoimmune reactions.

Most of the time you get sick with the following words:

Important metal, їх salts; ethylene glycol; Shchavlev, otsic acid; Pesticides, herbicides; mish'yak; retailers; Midniy vitriol; Take away the twarin, coma; Toxins of mushrooms; Azotovmіsnі spoluki; Flying efіri; Inconsiderable alcohol.

Nephropathy is not very toxic to be restructuring in people who are busy with schoolyards, de robots are tied with grains, chemicals, rubber, polymers. Spend all the speeches in the body can be done through the organisation, so through the roof, through the shkira (in case of bites).

Some toxic nephropathy is affected by drugs - antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-pyretic drugs. Nonspecific lesion is possible in case of myoglobinuria, exotoxic shock, severe damage to the trophism of nirok in case of coma, depressed organs.

By pouring on toxins and metabolites on nyrcs, clitin parenchymal build-up, as well as the destruction of robotic glomeruli, which will wickle disease in the clitine psyche and lead to the precipitation of bilky fractions, is also stimulated. It’s like pouring hemotoxic otrups onto the organisms, stinking in parallel to the erythrocytes, as a result of which hemoglobin clogs the structural units of nirok - nephron. In some cases, there is a problem with nirok in the presence of aphids with strong amino acids. Yakim bi not buv pathogenesis, in the kintsevoy rakhunka, it is more sour hunger of tissue nirok, її ischemia, and without lіkuvannya lead to necrosis of tubules and glomeruli.

symptoms

The severity of the damage of organs will be abundant in what type of speech it is, which is necessary for the organism, as it is, as a result of the way it is received. The main role of the development and health of the secular system to the detection of pathology - with the presence of chronic illnesses, nephropathy can develop in small doses of out-of-mouth speech.

Klinichna picture of nagaduє taku in case of glomerulonephritis. Some of the symptoms are lagging - weakness, robustness, galling, temperature may rise. The distance of the people is inevitably the swelling of the nig, the swelling of the individual. The indicators change in the warehouse of the slaughter - in the new growth there is a number of bricks, there is shelter (erythrocytes).

There are often signs of pathology:

Pidvischennya arterial grip right up to the highest digits. Change of dyuresu, frequency of sechovipuskan (inodi povna anuria). Pain across through the embankment nirok. Sudomi. Lower heart rate. Arrhythmia. Wheeze in legends.

Falling into the type of toxic speech before the described food key signs can be attached i specific symptoms... For example, if a person was destroyed by an overworldly number of sulfanilamides, then in case of toxic nephropathy, a new person has pain in the area of ​​loam, hemorrhage on the skin and mucus membranes, a hot camp.

Behind the steps of gravity, the differentiation is made in the following rank:

Persha - about the condition of the child, hemoglobin and erythrocytes in the blood, mild symptoms. Friend - duresis padaє, the amount of sečovina, calories, creatine in the blood is very growing, the symptoms grow. The third - in addition to a large number and a sharp decrease in the indicators of glomerular filtration of the potential development of a hostile deficiency - a mortally insecure acceleration.

In progressive nirkovo deficiency with toxic nephropathy, there are also several stages:

Initial (up to 3 days). Vidbuvatsya vlasne otrunnya organizm nephrotoxic agents. Oligoanuricheskaya (1-2 types). Through the closure of the line, the vision of the slaughter is reduced, so that the heart and the development of the nagging, zadishka, wheezing in the legends are brought up to the overwhelming. At the ts_th stage, the brain is also full of energy. Death is trapped in the form of breath with the build-up of legends, in the form of a heart, DIC syndrome. Often there is secondary vasculitis, anemia, thrombocytopenia. The stage of polyuria (up to decilky months and rocks). Such a stadiya insists for a friendly perebіgu ailments. Direz build-up, which can also lead to feverishness. Oduzhannya. All indicators of slaughter and robots will return to normal, moreover, it is not possible for all ailments to be renewed.

diagnostics

Call the diagnostics to be carried out at the same time at the official nephrology, where to bring the sick person at the age of adolescence at the hospital. Besides the characteristic clinical picture, I will respect the animal's history of pathology, and the spirited character of the disarray.

The methods of treatment for toxic nephropathy are as follows:

Zagalny analysis of blood, slaughter; Blood analysis for pH level, electrolytes; Biochemistry analysis of blood in the part of indicators of robots; Ultrasound nirok; If necessary - MRI nirok.

In case of nephropathy, the most frequent growth is SHOE, a number of leukocytes in the blood, anemia is caused. In the case of the growth, there are a number of blood cells, nitrogenous spoluks, there are hemoglobin and erythrocytes, cylinders. Pitoma of the blood is increased, and in the peripheral blood there is growth of creatine, sechovina, sechovic acid, and calories.

lykuvannya

Frequently, toxic nephropathy is carried out in the form of emergency reanimation, especially in case of hospitality of nircovian deficiency. When there is less seriousness, the camp can go to the standard ward for the examination of nephrology (urology). It is necessary to repair a complex of visits for the therapy of ill health, but it is necessary to do it under the control of a toxicologist.

Naivazhlivіshim є come in on vivedennyu toxins, they will wipe out from the body. Tse reachable by way of following such priyomiv:

plasmapheresis; hemodialis; hemofiltration; hemosorption; Promivannya shlunkovo-intestinal tract.

Forsivaniy dіures zdіysnyuyut the introduction of eufіlіnu, mannitol, lasix. For promivannya slunk in the new to inject vaseline oil, or a large amount of ridini. Hemodialis of recommendations in the first 6 years of illness, for more than 48 years of treatment of the peritoneal dialis (purification of blood through the stalk).

Sorbents, glucocorticoids, as well as puddles are recommended for drugs in case of toxic nephropathy. Supplement the intake of glucose with vitamin C, insulin, sodium hydrogen carbonate, calcium chloride, vitamin C. If necessary, carry out transfusion of albumin and plasma.

Affection is easy to adapt to therapy, so as the structure of nirok is disgustingly updated, and the collapse of the nephrons can be seen in the early stages of the development of ailments. As a result, the indicators of robots will inevitably deteriorate. It is important for him to start therapy for himself. cob stage ailments.

Folding and forecast

The prognosis for toxic nephropathy lies in the type of branch speech and severity of ailments, the lethality is 20-70% in the fringes. Friendly prognosis only with the adequacy of therapy and freedom. The highest prognosis when cadmium, silicon, arsenate gets into the body.

The folding most often develops with a high concentration of toxins and is wiped off into the body, when it is victorious, not through the shorts, but through the roof. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome, interstitial nephritis, state of the art nirkova deficiency are recognized before acceleration. It is not said to be accelerated to often lead to death through necrosis of some and all other functions.

Toxic damage to nirok is one of the wider illnesses of human organisms. The diagnosis of pathology in the way of getting into the organism of toxic speech is called or by way of transferring these systems to the organism. Zakvoryuvannya carry the name toxic nephropathy (in the colas of physicians - toxic nirka). As a rule, pathology manifests itself in a decrease in the backbone of the slaughter for doba, tediousness, interruptions in the robot's heart, and we move the arterial grip. As soon as the patient has been diagnosed with such a disease, then the treatment will be directed to the introduction of toxic words and will be removed from the body. For a whole lot of vicoristan, it is a drug therapy, as well as an apparatus method for purifying the blood of a sick person (plasmapheresis and hemodialis).

It is important: I am especially concerned about the patient with a toxic overloading of the disease. At the same time, there may be increased recovery and organ transplantation.

Reasons for the formation of toxic nephropathy

Toxic nephropathy can be classified for many reasons. So, see the onset of the pathology:

• Nephropathy is specific and toxic. Growing up by injecting direct ingestion into the body will wipe out and toxins. There can be alcohol, other chemicals and metals (mish'yak, mercury, lead, cadmium, synthetic rubber, oxalic acid, etc.). This is also a specific form of toxic damage that can develop and become bran mushrooms or a bite of bran / coma.

It is important: with a specific development of nephropathy, toxins are consumed in the body of people from a person, a drink, or a poorer. Anyone from qih vypadku sputtered early, pizno with blood, go to nirok.

• Nonspecific nephropathy. It develops as a result of penetration into the organism of toxic speech, as it does not have a direct spill on the nirkas, but at the same time it stimulates the lack of organs. Here, the reasons for the pathology can be the decline of the arterial grip, electrolyte balance, Damage to the posterior blood flow in the nirkas and organisms as a whole, or non-compensating acidosis.
• The mediated nephropathy is toxic. In general, toxic speech and spontaneous disruptions in the human body are caused by the presence of such negative pathologies as blockage of the nephrons with hemoglobin, the growth of tissue tissue in the liver, and the growth of nephroliths in the liver. Sepsis (contamination of blood), the trivial process of healing the tissue as a result of injuries, and as a result of a large number of blood cells, are also the reasons for nirkovo toxic deficiency.

Among the reasons for toxic damage to both of them are the following reasons:

• Radiation optimization of people;
• Acceptance of drugs in a group of non-steroidal anti-pyretic drugs, sulfanilamides and aminoglycosides, without proper control of the drug.

Nirok Toxic Exercise Step

Toxic damage of nirok can be classified behind the steps in fallowness due to the severity of the sick camp. So, the development of such stages of pathology:

• Light foot otruunnya. At the same time, the patient in the battle will have a block, erythrocytes and an increase in the strength of the battle.
• Middle stage of pathology. To the already obvious symptoms, there is a decrease in the amount of extra fat, as well as an increase in calories, creatine and other metabolites in the body of a sick person.
• When the stage is important, the detachment a sick person develops a nirkova deficiency, which can lead the patient to the Komi.

Toxic nirka: symptoms and signs

• So, for іnіtsіalії phase Nirkovoi lack of a sick person will be spared a decrease in the amount of money in the battle. The phase is trivial from 1 to 3 days in fallowness from the detachment step.
• With oligoanuric phase the patient can develop a birth in the body, which is brought up to the overwhelming re-entanglement of the heart. Likewise, a sick person may develop a syndrome of a vologic lung, which will be characterized by wheezing and dullness. At the stage of the phase, the patient has a lot of development to the brain and legends. In the body, there is an intensive accumulation of slags (products of alcohol exchange). There may be traces of the glamor and weakness. The heart can be zupinka. Qia phase trivaє 7-14 days.
• The phase is polyuric. As soon as lykuvannya will be recognized correctly, and the patient's organism will give a one-time definition of pathology, then the frontal phase will turn into polyuric. In the whole vipadku zagalny obsyag sich will be zbіlshuvatisya with a skin day. At the extreme end, a dobovy obsyag can be up to 35 years for dobu. During the whole slaughter, mother will be low on the pitched vagu. Here they are respectable, because the phase can lead a sick person to anger. Phase trivaє 15-30 days.
• Then it’s the period of time, when a pitoma of the wag is cut and її a good deal will be normalized. The lingering phase can take 6-24 months.

It is important: the range of lethal vapors in case of toxic exclusion nirok in the boundaries of 20% -70%, and more and more to lay down for reasons of rejection and folding over the pathology. As soon as poshkozhennya nirok was critical, then the patient has all the chances on the outside.

In general, in the home minds, toxic detachment at the early stages may include the following morphological signs:

• Pull the pain across;
• Lumpiness of nіg і individuals;
• Post_yna spraga;
• Deyaka zhovtushn_st shkiri and її dryness;
• Visipu can be shown on the lobes from the inner side;
• Nudota, carrying, blues;
• M'yazova and head bill;
• Rizke change AT from a sick person;
• Decreased obsyagu slaughter;
• Glamor, flattery, hallucinations.

It is important: if the patient gets a dose of toxicity (bite a creature / coma, inhalation will wipe off any tactile contact with them, implantation of toxins), then if any of the named symptoms appear in the medical pledge... Had an additional help to allow to save the sick from the hostile nirkovoi lack.

Persha dopoga

• At adolescence on toxic ransom, the slides of the yakomoga shvidshe nadati sick dolikarsku will help... In general, it is necessary to pinpoint the necessary toxins in the patient's body. So, if you do not want to go by the way, then you need to prevent the sick person from doing it (move him to the street, far from the infected person), as if they had taken it to the body through the mouth, then it would be necessary to carry it out. A simple water treatment is immediately recommended. In the quality of the sorbent, it is possible to give a sick person an asset.
• As soon as a sick person has a loss of testimony and heart, it is necessary to carry out a piece of work and indirect massage heart. Until all visits are made, I will help you.

diagnostics of pathology

• Zagalny analysis of blood and slaughter. At the same time, characteristic evidence of the most toxic pathology will be the manifestation of a low level of hemoglobin, an increase in leukocyte and thrombocyte, as well as a change in the rate of section.
• Biochemical analysis of blood and blood. There will be viyavleni advances creatine, sechovine, damage to the acid-pool balance.
• The doctor will also designate the performance of the additional volume of the section and the ultrasound diagnostics.
• Whenever a robot is seen on the angiogram.
• You can use MRI or CT scan.

Likuvannya toxic nirka

As a rule, all therapy is focused on detoxification of the sick person's body and on the renewal of robots. Criteria for which medication therapy is assigned, to lie down because of the severity of a sick person. Altogether, in the first place, the following complex of preparations is recognized:

• Specific antidotes.
• Diuretics. Bezbechuyut decrease in swelling and increase in volume.
• Polyinfusions. To the ailing person to introduce razchini to normalize the pH of the section.
• The transfusion of blood components is also indicated.
• For the purification of blood from toxins, plasmapheresis or hemosorption / hemodialysis is an apparatus for pumping and purifying blood.

professional come in

• As a rule, a specific toxic nephropathy occurs in folding chemical enterprises and in the Silk state government. In general, you can guard against any risk of pathology by moving the fence on the robot to persons who may be able to solve problems, risik until the pukhlin is approved.
• In addition, it is possible to reduce the amount of toxic damage by the method of mechanization of the enterprise. In such a rank, direct contact between people and chemists will be made to the minimum.
• We work at chemistry enterprises to wear old clothes.
• shown very well medical care people who work with chemists. I especially respect nirkah.

It is important: if, when the eyes are watched, there are pathological changes on the ears (nephropathy is toxic), then it is more likely that the type of performance is more friendly.

Varto of the nobility, who earlier became ill, will be more effective than this. Modern medicine is completely successful in coping with toxic nephropathy.