Ailments of the eyes according to ICD 10. One of the most common reasons for seeing an ophthalmologist: eye injuries,

Happily, the pathology of the healthy nerve, - the conductor of electrical signals from the sieve to the healthy cortex, - in ophthalmological practice, develop admittedly; zgіdno medico-statistical data, a part of such a pathology in the sweating ovarian ailments do not overtake 1-1.5%. However, skin puffs (behind іnshih djerels, skin quarters) from such vypadkіv end with a nonvolatile slush in the form of atrophy of the zonal nerve.

Atrophy, - "optic neuropathy", organic degeneration of the neuronal fibers of the healthy nerve through the degeneration of the deficiency of the thymus and blood circulation, - can be either in general or in part. In the last fall, try to reduce all the healthy functions, Including the collapse of the color, the ringing of the field and of the color; during ophthalmoscopy, enter the macular region of the sieve ("zhovta plyama", the most sensitive to the light) the disk of the healthy nerve is seen blidishe serpentine.

Causes of atrophy of the healthy nerve

Ethiological causes of optic neuropathy can be chronic chronic or hospri zhvoryuvannya of the eyes, pathology of the central nervous system, ophthalmic trauma, intoxication, important systemic discomfort(Endocrine, autoimmune, etc.).

Medium vasno ophthalmopathic factors, in the presence of which can be seen atrophy of the healthy nerve, lead glaucoma new forms; pigment retinal (retinal) dystrophy; all kinds of blockages to liven up the arteries and secondary veins (for example, the occlusion of the CAC, the central artery of the artery); shortness in a strong step; uveitis, retinitis, neuritis, orbital vasculature and inflammation. In addition, the healthy nerve can start and atrophy during the development of oncological pathology, - sprout, with primary orbital cancer, meningiomy or gliocytic nerve, neurinomas or neurofibroma, osteosarcomia, sarcoidosis.

Until the central nervous system is affected, provoking or "starting" atrophic processes in the cerebral nerve, it appears, in the main, swelling of the hypophysis, chiasmi (let the hypocrisis of the healthy nerves), infectious-inflammatory processes of the brain , demiєlіnіzuyuchі ailing (for example, rosy sclerosis), Craniocerebral trauma and injury in the slit-facial dilyanka, especially with non-mediated mechanical problems of the healthy nerve.

At deyakih vipadkah provokuyuchim i patogennoї background soil optichnoї neyropatії staє systemic atherosclerosis, hronіchne nedoїdannya visnazhennya i, i avіtamіnoz anemії, otruєnnya toxicity rechovinami (naybіlsh yaskravimi butts mozhut posluzhiti chastі otruєnnya methyl when vzhivannі surrogate Liquor napoїv and takozh іntoksikatsіya nіkotinom, іnsektitsidami, drugs), Massive blood loss (for example, with great internal blood deposits), diabetі іnsha endocrinopathy, chervoniy vovchak, Wegener's granulomatosis and інші autoimmune diseases.

In some cases, the healthy nerve is atrophied even during populations (as a rule, it is not easy to get sick with important chromosomal pathology with gross structural and cranial deformities, for example, with acro-, micro- and macrocephalus, anomalous genetics of Cruson and malignant diseases.

Nareshti, to reach a large proportion of vipadkiv (up to 20%), if you can’t get out without a cause of the atrophy of the healthy nerve.

Classification of atrophy of the healthy nerve

Yak is shown in the eye, optic neuropathy can be either vrodzhenoy or nabutoyu. As a matter of fact, there are decay forms, classified according to the type of sedation: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, mitochondrial.

Autosomal dominant atrophy of the healthy nerve may be present in of a risky step and in some cases, one is more likely to be associated with a combination of deafness. Autosomal recessive atrophy is included in the structure of a number of chromosomal syndromes (Wolfram, Kenny-Koffi, Jensen, Rosenberg-Chattorian and I.in.) syndromes.

The mitochondrial form of atrophy occurs with mutation of mitochondrial DNA (Leber's optic neuropathy).

Optical neuropathy can also develop due to other reasons i by different type... So, the basis of the primary atrophy is trivial mechanical suppression of the neural zorotic canal, with the disc of the nerve in the presence of a pre-existing bottom, it can be intuitive, not smart, with normative-readable cordons.

Secondary atrophy can be a slight swelling of the disc of the healthy nerve, the yak, in its own right, appears as one of the inheritance of pathology of the nerve, or the nerve itself. Degeneration and vitality of special, functional neuronal tissue and neuroglial tissue with a greater degree of development and evidence With glaucoma, the axial symptom is chronic grip internal line, before the atrophy of the healthy nerve, to develop the collapse of the scleral plate.

a hundred diagnostic value m sposterezhuvaniya vidtinok zorovogo nerve disc. So, pochatkova, chastkova and general atrophy of the healthy nerve during ophthalmoscopy, they look in a simple way: in cob stage there is a slight decrease in the disc in case of an acute farbuvanny of the nerve itself, in case of partial discs - the disc of the healthy nerve is less in the surrounding segments and, again, atrophy is prevented from becoming more and more vivid.

They also develop a visceral and decaying form of atrophy (with a visceral atrophic process in the nerve, it occurs in retinal tissue, in case of a low one - it is repaired in the fibers of the green nerve itself). Falsely, as the process of atrophy is widened, it spreads to one- and two-sided; for the nature of development - on a stationary (stable) and progressive, which can be diagnosed by regular ophthalmological steps in dynamism.

Code for MKH-10

In the international classification of ailments of the tenth glance (ICD 10), atrophy of the healthy nerve MAє code H 47.2

symptoms of atrophy

One of the main signs is to repair the atrophy of the healthy nerve to serve as an uncorrected decrease in health and quality: to compensate for the decrease in healthy functions, overwhelmed by an atrophic process in the nerves, not to go out with any eyepieces, or contact lenses... Shvidko progressive atrophy of the healthy nerve can result in more nevilikovnoy drip after the end of the deciduous months or to get back to the days. With frequent atrophy of organic degradation and an increase in the functional capacity of the organs, the lack of ability of the organs can be affected by the singing rivnias and stabilize (the reasons for such stability are often also unclear).

The fields of the zoru sound, as a rule, for the rakhunok vipadannya peripheral ("bichnoy") zoru - to develop sozv. tunnel zoru syndrome. The collapse of the sprouting color stays, in the main, red-green and red-blue gradients of the zagalny spectrum. You can z'yavatisya beast, tobto slіpi zoni in the field of the preserved zoru.

To reach typical for optic neuropathy є sov. Binny defect: weakening of the reaction of the economy to the light while saving the gross narrowness of the economic reaction. A winter defect can be one-sided or appear on both eyes at once.
If the symptomatology of the supravascular system is atrophy of the healthy nerve, it is ascertained that it is only to blame for the course of professional ophthalmoscopic treatment and interpretation by a qualified expert ophthalmologist.

diagnostics of PRSP

In addition to visual ophthalmoscopy, it is generally diagnostically meaningful that there can be a problem, whether it’s like a pre-morbid (pre-morbid) period of a patient’s life: pharmacological groupі the addition of accepted earlier lykarsky zasobiv, Transferring toxicity and zahvoryuvannya, Autodestructive calls (kurnnya, ominous alcohol, unhealthy way life), experienced TBI (craniocerebral trauma), background residual pathology of the central nervous system is too low.
Bezposredn obezhennya including the statement of abbreviated exophthalmu ("vipinannya", substitution full-time apple in advance), the development of winter and horny reflexes, the crumbling of a full-time apple, the overwhelming hospitality and polygons (visimetry, perimeter), diagnostics of the color.

Yak is designated as one of the most informative diagnostic criteria є zovnishniy viglyad disc of the healthy nerve during ophthalmoscopy of the face-to-face bottom: loss, clearness between, diameter, uniformity, deformity, excavation ("poritis") of the optic nerve disk surface, Kestenbaum symptom (rapid retardation of the small amount of discoloration) veins. It is also possible to know about pre-scanned tomography in the same mode (laser scanned, optical coherent tomography), electrophysiological predictions for measuring the threshold of sensitivity and laboratory nerves. In case of atrophy, accumulated glaucoma, obovasovim є vimir and IOP control (internal vise), incl. in additional and load modes.

The volume of orbital oncopathology is diagnosed by the method of oblique radiography. If necessary, a detailed implantation of circulation and hemodynamics in sudinn_y system a fluorescent angiography (one of the methods of contrast radiography) or ultrasound in the dopplerographic version is indicated. For more precise diagnostics, consultants of specialties are asked for, for all neurologists, oncologists, neurosurgeons, with the presence of systemic vasculitis - rheumatologists, and in.; It is recognized to visualize the methods of pre-examination of the skull and the brain (X-ray, CT, MRI).

The occlusions of retinal vessels (arteries, veins) allow the connection of a vessel surgeon. In the presence of infectious symptoms, laboratory analyzes (IFA, PLR) are recognized.

Atrophy of the healthy nerve followed by differentiation from peripheral cataract (cloudy clouding) and amblyopia ("ice eye syndrome").

Likuvannya of the partial atrophy of the healthy nerve

The principle of ethiopathogenetic medicine of vimagination and the maximum possible assertion of the causes of ailments; Oscillations of optic neuropathy on the basis of more frequent and early manifestations of their illnesses, less autonomous and isolated pathology, therapeutic strategy is guilty of taking care of the main illnesses.

Zokrem, patients with intracranial (internal cranial) oncopathology, hypertension, aneurysm formation in the brain surgical involvement variable straightness.

It is more conservative to live with atrophy of the healthy nerve to focus on the stabilization and preservation of the functional status of the healthy system in this world, in which case it is possible for a given specific type of disorder. So, it may be shown that there are small antibacterial and antiapaline entry, springtime, retro- or parabulbarnoin'ktsii (the introduction of the drug in dexamethasone, respectively, for or with a full apple), with drops of glucose and chlorophyll , lasix). For evidence, there are also recognized hemodynamic stimulants and healthy nerve stimulants (trental, xanthinol nicotinate, atropin), nicotinic acid internally, eufilin; vitamіnnі complexes(Particularly important are vitamins of groups B), aloe and blood-borne extracts, tabletting cinnarizin, piracetam, etc. In case of glaucomatous symptomatology, it becomes stagnant to reduce the internal grip (for example, in the style of polycarpine).

To achieve effective atrophic nerve atrophy є physiotherapeutic methods, such as holcoreflexotherapy, laser or electro stimulation, developmental modification of electrophoresis techniques, magneto therapy, etc.). However, if the zoru is reduced glibshe, down to 0.01, if you live, come and see, unfortunately, ineffectual.

Forecast and prevention of atrophy of the zonal nerve

The stage of vigor and flexibility of rehabilitation, with a practical ophthalmopathology, is a general order to lie down from the fact that the patient has just returned to the test and it is quite well established, as if it was predicted to be established. It’s not adequate to repent on our own early stages atrophy of the healthy nerve, which is fully capable of stabilization, and in some cases it is part of the rehabilitation of healthy functions. Any new update for the current day is out of the scope of explicit therapeutic options. With a rapidly progressive atrophy of the velmy, the result is total slap.

Prophylactic entry, effective atrophy of the healthy nerve, є "all-for-all" timelessly taking care of any state or chronic ailments, such as biological systems and organisms of stench did not stop: healthy, nerve, supportive ... Crazy, next to the unique intoxications, especially described as voluntary sprains with alcohol or nikotin. Be it massive blood loss and adequate compensation.

I, apparently, there is little tendency until the end of a secret consultation of an ophthalmologist.

Eye injury - deterioration of function and integrity healthy analyzer, wiclicane zovnishnim injected .

Most of the patients are killed for medical aid pislya krishtalik's ear.

In more important cases, the healthy nerve may be injured, or a sag, but it is not an easy cause of one-sided slap.

In ICD-10, injuries were very good and they were added to the group with code S05 This includes a large number of diagnoses, for example:

• S05.0- sadly horny і pooled conjunctivi without outside body.
• S05.1- hammer the tissue of the ochny and intramural apple.
• S05.2- the wound of the healthy organ is torn with the second abnormalities of the internal tissues ( S05.3- without a waste).
• S05.4 і S05.5- a penetrating wound of the eye without a side body and it is obvious from it.
• S05.7- seeing a full-time apple.

Є y іnshi tips and tricks of the organization, but not to be included in the designated group, for example:

• S00.1, S00.2- a bruise near the eyes, a superficial trauma of a column, a hammer.
• S04.0 і S04.1- the reduction of the healthy and okoruhovy nerve is obvious.
• H44.6 і H44.7- not seen a stranger in a full-time apple.

Classification: light, medium and stiff

Іnu kіlka classification of eye injuries. stink mechanical and opic. The first one is affected by contusions, clogged misses, strums, injuries (penetrating, nasty, superficial).

Opikas are thermal, exchangeable, chemical.

Behind the step of developing injuries:

1. lungs- do not damage the robotic analyzer.
2. average importance - zir to fall for a time.
3. important- style of destruction of the robotic eye.
4. especially important- to produce the zora to the end of the day, slice or more to waste the eyes.

for localization see the full-time apple (scleral, horny), orbits, appendages of healthy organs (capital, sl_znykh zoloz ta in.).

diagnostic methods

fixing things up from the last glance During the course of an ophthalmologist, it is possible to see a side effect, wound, hematoma, bleeding, swelling. At the same time, the doctor is responsible for the upper hand for the turn-on or the appearance of third-party persons.

obov'yazkovo Visa start gostrota zoru, Oskіlki with bagatokh injuries won’t decrease through the deterioration of the foresight of the optical middle of the eye (dimness of the obscene til abo krishtalik). Vimіryuєtsya internal grip, which can be either moved or reduced.

Instrumental and apparatus methods, Scho stagnate in diagnostics personal injuries:

• Gonioscopy- a look at the ryduzhnoy shell and kuta of the front chamber.

Photo 1. The process of carrying out gonioscopy. Look around the ridge і kut of the front chamber for a piece of clothing.

• X-ray of the skull in the area of ​​orbits in 2 projections for the detection of fractures and internal orbital sides.
• Ultrasound and CT Ochі permissive assessment stan fabricn.
• perimeter- an assessment of the responsiveness of the response, as it decreases in cases of suspicions and injuries.
• Ophthalmoscopy (direct, indirect and with Goldman's lens)- the result of a contusion of a stench, alien body.
• biomicroscopy- look at the horns with fluorescein dots.

Patient is also built blood analysis(Zagalny, biohimia, on syphilis and VIL) sechі(On leukocyte, zukor і ін.).

Symptoms and symptoms

Symptoms and treatment of internal injuries lie in type ushkojennya.

You will also be tsykavo:

surface

In case of non-penetrating injuries, the integrity of the outer shell of the healthy organ is not damaged again. Someone else can be seen, but if it is є, then most often injury. The most common type of intramural injuries.

symptoms

characteristic signs:

• rіz abo nipuvannya in otsі;
• pochervonіnnya bіlka;
• seeing a side matter from the table or closer to the week;
• sensibility and leakage.

The povіki can be booted up, and the zіr is reduced.

lykuvannya

Someone else is from the surface of the conjunctiva, or the horns are seen by the way of prominence. The water is pure for a whole trip, for whatever the reason: kitchen salt, Furacilinu abo manganese(Even weak).

If a stranger is tied into the fabric, then it is neatly tied with a sterile in'n'ktsiynaya golkoy for the zest of the eyes Lidokainom (2% of the range) abo Alkain (0.5% of differences). at gliboke penetration ob'єkt vidalyayut in the minds of the stationary.

Photo 2. Packaging of the drug Lidokain in the form of a rosette for in-and-out doses 20 mg / ml, 10 ampoules. Virobnik "Mikrogen".

Bury it in the eye 4-7 times for additional drops with sulfanilamides and antibiotics... At the start of the day, they will lay ointments. Wear a sterile bandage until re-burn, regularly and regularly.

penetrating

Such injuries knitted with broken intact capsules This is not due to the fact that the damage to the inner shells.

symptoms

Signs of penetrating wounds- the appearance of a nasal opening in rogivtsi, rayuzhtsi or sclera. It is possible that an alien object appears, a vipadannya of the inner shells of an abusive body. In some cases, the form of zinitsi, a hematoma, is seen, the ryaduzhna shell grows.

Photo 3. Penetrating trauma of the eye. Having drunk an apple on the inside, in a similar way it is necessary to have surgery.

lykuvannya

algorithm lykuvannya with penetrating internal injuries:

• zakopuvannya antimicrobial specks ( Floxal abo in.);
• invoice binocular sterile dressing;
• zagalne or locally sun love;
• Entry counterintuitive;
• ін'єкції antibiotics wide range internal or internal.

Uwaga! In case of penetrating injuries of the eye, it is shown that there is a surgical renewal of the intactness of the apple, so that the person should be taken to the emergency room. it is necessary for a shvidshe.

Mechanical engineering or contusions, їх inheritances

Concussion buvaє:

• straight- bezposredn_y pouring on ochne apple;
• indirect- yak inherited a struma brain, or by injuries to the ridge, individual;
• with a rip or a re-rive a shell of a zorovy organ.

Features

Be-like a concussion superfluous blood, how to localize in the raid, bed, front chambers, tables and other fabrics. The sufferer is annoying, the turbine is jammed and billed. Before the ochima there is a "fog", a zir of reductions. The head, shia, and hands of the individual may ache.

Photo 4. Contusion of eyes. In the full-time library, there is a large number of bloodsheds, but a small number of pockets of blood.

dolikarska help

In case of a contusion of eyes, it is necessary to protect the tissue and the capital beforehand. a weak solution of manganese or furacilin, peroxide or an antiseptic, Drain the disinfecting drops immediately and hit the lash until it hits colder. If you have shelter, then її zupinyaut with a slyah put on a bandage or zasosuvannya special duties(Biological swab, hemostatic sponge). at severe pain need to give people analgesic.

lykuvannya

contusion 1-2 steps fall in love with posture by stationary a letter from an ophthalmologist, which signifies:

• hemostatics in viglyadі tablets or ін'єкцій ( Ditsinon, Etamzilat);
• zobi for polіpshennya trophіki tkanin (injection emoxypine);
• preparations iodine and calcium;
• antibiotics micevo and, if necessary, in the middle ( Tetracycline, Amoxicillin abo in.);
• sechogіnnі zasobi nabryak_v for the nobility;
• anti-combustion nonsteroidal ( Diclofenac, Indomethacin) abo hormonal drugs (Dexamethasone, prednizolone);
• physiotherapy for the removal of hematomas, the improvement of blood supply and the vitalization of the eyes ( magnetotherapy, UHF).

heritage

Severe mechanical trauma can cause damage to all structures of the eye and lead to atrophy, like inheritance, to a decrease or even to a loss. Reduced contusions:

• pochkozhennya full-time nerve, scho to bring the zoru to death;
• destruction of the cylindrical body;
• vikrivennya full-time bottom;
• loss of the function of viykovy, obscene til;
• injuries of the ridge membrane, conjunctivi.

To see if healthy organs are injured in older adults

Naivazhche accelerated in case of penetrating problems - endophthalmitis, If you ignite it, it will be tough. More than half of the problems can be reduced to a minimum. Symptoms of endophthalmitis:

• feverish і nezduzhannya;
• pochvoninnya, swelling of povik and conjunctivi;
• hypotonia full-time apple (lowering the vice);
• behind the kryshtalik, an abscess of the zhovtuvaty color appears.

It’s better to wear it, not to be panophthalmitis... Most often the infection is infected.

Uwaga! Pantophthalmite is not just to make it go awry, but th become insecure for life Oskіlki can bite into the tissue of the brain, lead to abscess and sepsis.

nice ophthalmia- it is not blatant against burning, do not injure your eyes in case of penetrating injury to another organ of the eye.

vinika after 4-6 months after injury... Early signs - fear of fear, peace of mind.

to develop iridocyclitis- firing the ryduzhnoy shell and the ciliary body in the intramural apple, with the high internal grip we reduce.

At the last stage, the blood-bearing judgment of the eyes atrophy, it is necessary promptly involved.

Unfavorable legacies of opik healthy body:

• coverage bilma;
• glaucoma through the seam in the anterior chamber small ailments eyes);
• cataract(Cloudy krishtalik and ruined zoru);
• toxic lesion sits.

If zir kalamutne: for any injuries a high risik slips?

Immovability at the expense of a dimness temples in case of any injuries, and first for everything kryshtalik and nerves... Particularly insecure contusions and penetrating injuries from foreign bodies. The stench of supravodzhuyutsya nabrya, ears of blood-bearing vessels and nerves. Rizik vtrati zoru abo yogo dying growthє, as at once with an eye injury strus to the brain, pockmarked shiyny ridges.

See a lot of stolittya

The injuries of the stol_ttya can be nasty or superficial, chipped, ripped, torn.

erosion

On the shkіrі stolіttya є sadna abo podryapini, presence bleeding and pain. Such an injury is most often not in the hands of a doctor.

The wound can be healed on its own antiseptic, onlays cold compress for the nobility of the napryak and the hardening, and then wear bandage with antimicrobial ointment to re-burn the shkirny cover.

contusion

This type of injury is wicked blow about a blunt object, If you are a supervisor, it means the swelling of soft fabrics and beads. Trochi piznish there is a large hematoma or a small blue in the fallowness due to the impact. Bolovi will see it with Russian eye. In important cases, there can be a conjunctiva or a slinky canal, it’s like a real apple. Pershi khvilini is important put the cold down i zastosuwati zealous enthusiasm.

injury

In most cases, the injured capital is recognized through the week we are receiving the subject and can be:

• superficial- imprisoned tilka shkіra and m'yazi guilt;
• in the most obvious way, To pass through the whole business of the capital.

The fabrics are often filled up, and when there are slack channels, there is no tearing, or, navpaki, it’s broken down. with flaws wounds shown surgical involvement, with minor superficial to complete injuries antiseptic treatment, Stagnation of cold and general use of anti-microbial and use of drugs ( Levosin, Levomekol, sodium sulfacyl ta in.). how are weighed down sl_zniy channel, Then insert into the new Polak probe.

Photo 5. Scarce wounds of the capital with a slap for ribolovli. It’s just as good as it gets.

Kudi to turn around?

If your eyes are too small, you need to turn to the emergency room... such announcement clean tsіlodobovo, The stench is hungry є in the clinics of the shvidkoy additional help. If such a point is not assigned, please show me the clinic or the stationary by signing up for a reception to a traumatologist, ophthalmologist for the extreme vypadok to therapist... In case of ill-feeling, quickly and independently, you can get to the medical facility.

Ways to give the first help

character inconvenient help lie in the type of injury. The tables are pointed Ways to do it, help it to the brutal to the lykar.

Chi give disability in case of intramural injury

Invalidity is seen by a sick person for such minds:

• 1 group- gostrota zoru z korektsієyu not more than 0.04 dioptry I will look around with two-way sounds 10—0 , And also povna sl_pota;
• 2 group- zvuzhennya look around on the offense of the sides 20—10 і Gostrota Zoru in Bachit Otsі 0,05—0,1 ;
• 3 group- zir 0,1—0,3 on one abnormally healthy organs and field change 40—20.

If you have the opportunity to do it, or to polish the group give in to rik, And if you take a decision about the continuation of the lack of validity.

Peculiarities of the child's personal injury

Most of the eyes in children are of a whimsical character and are carried to blunt injuries and microtraumas. On detectives and penetrating injuries to be reported not more than 8 and 2% for sure. Main reasons- lack of care for children, filthy organization of іgor. lads sick to eye injuries more girls (85 and 15%).

Symptoms in children with poor healthy organs are not seen as such in older children. Its nuances are small likuvannya, yake guilty suprovodzhuvatisya good sick, Especially with penetrating trauma.

V childishnot viciously depolarizing muscle relaxants. As soon as the surgical procedure was carried out, and if you didn’t need to wear the sewn on the horns, then you’ve seen them earlier.

Corisne video

To be surprised at the video, in what the doctor-ophthalmologists tell about the types of eye injuries.

visnovok

If there is an injury to the eye, it’s just sad, for an insignificant slaughter , It is necessary to quickly nadati persh I will help i, as a matter of fact, turn for a qualified medical aid. Without adequate treatment, the inheritance can be serious. Injuries can lead not only to cloudy conditions, cataracts and ophthalmologic damage, or to the extent of losing health.

), Psychogenic officials (emotional problems and chronic stress), as well as a robot in the minds of filthy illumination.

Asthenology can be of a time-consuming nature, and it takes place without affection when the minds of robots are polished (the introduction of frequent interruptions, meeting the standards of illumination, timely completion of robots, and rational development) for people who are

And most of the time, the asthenopia is shown in the role of a cordon camp, which signals about the transition of functional distributions to the organisation. In such cases, quick diagnostics and development of a disorder can also help to identify serious disorders of healthy functions and development in the tissues of the eye of degenerative or abnormal disorders.

Code for MKH-10

Doctors carry out asthenopy before the discharge of sub-active character.

The code for the given diagnosis -H53.1 .

Mechanism of development of the pathology is often involved in overworking the eye, since accommodating and disaccomodating function of the eyes (regulating the normal withdrawal of objects and images on the new power) to compensate for

Some processes can be facilitated by people who work with paper and electronic documents (programs and computer programs) or in the minds of filthy illumination (for example, transporting transport at night). At the same time, there may be a lot of detecting ailments or incorrect optics (eyepieces, lenses).

Asthenopia in the rivniy world is hungry and people and women, risik and rizik show themselves to grow up through the negative influx of aging processes onto the body. Ale is the main part of asthenopia ailments (75%) - people often reproach with computer technology, tablets and phones.

Causes of the blame

With a starting mechanism, to appear with your eyes, we can serve the calling and internal officials anyway:

1. unfriendly mind pratsi abo dozvillya (days, the appearance of a normal view, reading texts in a small font, fewer electronic attachments).

2. Monotonous robot with other objects (jewelery virobi, details of years or technology).

3. A short light day on the territory of the children.

4. Pogane kharchuvannya, a shortage of Vitamin A in Yizhi.

5. Fiery and degenerative eyesight (, decrease in gosti zoru, pathology and in.).

6. Ailments and blood circulation of the eyes.

7. (hit і ін.)

8. Ailments of the endocrine system (thyrotoxicosis, diabetes mellitus, etc.).

9. Roosters of the psyche (neurasthenia, іsterіya і ін.)

Through the great range of reasons, how to provoke asthenopia of options as well as pathology of a lot, in a large number of types of therapy I will become complex diagnostics with consultations of licenses of different specialties.

symptoms

The style of the eyes is formed in a step-by-step manner, passing through all the traditional stages of development:

1. subcompensated, Yaka protest without symptoms with episodic sub-active symptoms of stomatomy.

2. compensatory, It is characterized by more frequent and trivial periods of discomfort, which is caused by recurrent discomfort. At the end of the period of time, the patient sees a sigh in his eyes, the appearance of the conjunctiva, the appearance of midges and calamity in front of the eye.

3. Decompensatory Here, in this case, the eyes become progressively (chronic), a decrease in the quality of health and the creation of healthy images (, fuel consumption, etc.) progresses, there is an acceleration (,), the development of an efficient deterioration (efficiency, apathy, lack of efficiency,

see asthenopias

1. akomodatsіyna , The most widespread type of the whole pathology. Often it grows on a dusty ground (myopia, distant growth, astigmatism), as well as during emotional shock and physical visibility. I'll become signs of this є:

• unwillingness to read texts (letters get angry or rasplivayutsya);
• Seeing squeezing in the eye zone, in the area of ​​chola and low.

2. Retinal It is a phenomenon of eye-stumbling in the development of neuroses in patients, in the case of a small form of scarg for healthy discomfort (it’s difficult to look at one point, and darkening in the eyes), which cause an unbroken disease.

3. m'yazova asthenopia develops due to the weakness of the meat ring, which is due to the development of the zone, through the whole of the natural image, the body does not appear at all. So, for the sake of a clear "picture", people have to gradually tighten their muscles, and then they will block their eyes.

With this form of the given distribution, ailments occur:

• the stiffness of the facial muscles;
• bile and spasms in the middle of the eyes;
• stike zorove stomennya.

4. symptomatic the form of a rosette is even in case of aggravated chronic ailments in the body (inflamed conjunctiva, ridge of the eyes and other pathologies, ailments internal organs, Endocrine or nervous systems) or during development gostrich інфекцій(Grip, angina, sinusitis and sinusitis). In chihs, the eyes fall apart with the main symptomatology of the background disease.

5. zmіshana asthenopia is manifested by one-hour accommodative and muscular damage. When there is no pathology, the pathology is manifested by the creation of objects and great views in the small parts of the head and face.

diagnostics

1 .. Additional assistance to the visibility of the visitor to the state property.

2. Doslіdzhennya z fіksuvannyam width, obsyagu і stretches of the internal musculature of the eyes.

3. Vimіryuvannya refraction, as viznachayut її early damage, As well as myopia and astigmatism.

4. The method of biomicroscopy allows the appearance of a snake in the tissues of an intramural apple.

5. Vimіryuvannya internal vise, technology viznachennya yogo vіdhilen іd norms.

lykuvannya

Therapy for asthenopia lies among the reasons for the її wicked and the stages of the problem.

We are sick without organic changes in the full-time apparatus, it is recommended:

• special mode of healthy navantage with equal rozpodil of periods of robots and after work;
• viconannya

Diagnosis with the H00-H59 code includes 11 specific diagnoses (headings MKH-10):

1. H00-H06 - Ailments of the capital, poor nobles and well-being
   Place 7 diagnostic blocks.
2. H10-H13 - Conjunctivi ailments
   Reveal the 3rd block of diagnostics.
3. H15-h22
   Place 8 diagnostic blocks.
4. H25-H28 - Krystalik's ailments
   Reveal 4 blocks of diagnostics.
5. H30-H36 - Ailments of the sheath and stilts
   Place 7 diagnostic blocks.
6. H40-H42 - Glaucoma
   Reveal 2 blocks of diagnostics.
7. H43-H45 - Ailments of a wicked body and an apple
   Reveal the 3rd block of diagnostics.
8. H46-H48 - Ailments of the healthy nerve and healthy paths
   Reveal the 3rd block of diagnostics.
9. H49-h52
   Reveal 4 blocks of diagnostics.
   Viklyucheni: nistagm and іnshі mimic rukhs och (H55).
10. H53-H54 - Health and safety
    Reveal 2 blocks of diagnostics.
11. H55-h59
    Reveal 4 blocks of diagnostics.

Tsey class to take revenge on the offensive blocks:

• H00-H06 Ailments povik, lazy nobles and very well
• H10-H13 Conjunctivi ailments
• H15-H22 Ailments of scleri, hornbill, ridge and cylindrical body
• H25-H28 Kristalik ailments
• H30-H36 Ailments of the sheath and slugs
• H40-H42 Glaucoma
• H43-H45 Malaise and apple
• H46-H48 Ailments of the healthy nerve and healthy paths
• H49-H52 Ailments of the ointment of the eye, destruction of the friendly eyes of the mouth, accommodation and refraction
• H53-H54 Health and safety
• H55-h59

The third category is as follows:

• H03 * Management of ailments for ailments classified in the same headings
• H06 * Effort of lacrimal apparatus and goodness in case of ailments classified in the same headings
• H13 * Management of conjunctiva with ailments, classified in the same headings
• H19 * Management of sclera and horns for ailments classified in the same headings
• H22 * Exercise of the ridge and ciliary body in case of ailments classified in the same headings
• H28 * Cataract and іnshі lesion of kryshtalik with ailments, classified in the other headings
• H32 * horioretinal damage with ailments, classified in the other headings
• H36 * Damaged sores with ailments classified in the same headings
• H42 * Glaucoma with ailments, classified in the same headings
• H45 * Efficiency of sickly body and intramural apple with ailments classified in the same headings
• H48 * Management of the healthy nerve and healthy paths with ailments, classified headings
• H58 * Іnshі lesion of the ocular appendage in case of ailments classified in the same headings

On the 1st October 2014 in the United States, a version of the coding of diagnoses came into force - the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition, Clinical-Modification (ICD-10) Russia has been victorious since 1999. This version is meaningfully derived from the adopted US ICD-9. Suttuvo is changed, zokrema, somium - ophthalmologic - razdil, assignments viklyuchno zhvoryuvan okhvoryuvan that appendage apparatus. In the ICD-9 version, the organ chuttya (organ of hearing and organ of hearing) is included in the section on nervous systems... At ICD-10, the offense of the organisation is ok, the skin is at its own place, I want to be coddled in the same parts and to fix one and the same Latin letters H (div. Table 1).

Table 1. Units of the ICD-10

Great specificity and new terms

The ICD-10 has updated its terminology to bring it closer to medical realities. So, won’t allow you to share one-time codes for describing two nearby stations. In addition to greater specificity, in the ICD-10-CM there is a presence of a code for a bagatech congestion of the left and right eye (lateralization). At the same time, a lot of trouble is overwhelmed for the right eye, for the right eye, for both eyes and for the fall, if the eye is not indicated. Bagato zhvoryuvan stolittya razriznyayuyutsya by the fact, as the poviku urazhnu: top right, top left, bottom right or bottom left. Prior to that, as a matter of fact, prior to the concept of ICD-10, the operative acceleration in the form of eye surgery was re-insured in an ophthalmologic distribution.

The term “old cataract” is replaced by the term “vicova cataract” in ICD-10. Cataracts are taken in the block H25-H28 "The capture of kryshtalik". The term "nuclear sclerosis" is substituted for "viral nuclear cataract". Є code okremo for child and youth cataracts, as well as for traumatic, medication and secondary cataracts.

Cody for glaucoma

In ICD-10, the glaucoma coding has recognized a number of changes in the case of the ICD-9: for example, it is necessary to add this sign to describe the stage of glaucoma to replace the cues of the previous diagnostic code. Persh for everything, choose the form of glaucoma from the following list:
... Glaucoma in case of ailments, classified in the same distribution;
... Dose for glaucoma (adolescents, found in ICD-9 under the name "priordonnaya glaucoma", now found here).
... Vidkritokutova.
... Anatomically vuzky kut (dose for primary zakrytokutovu glaucoma).
... Low grip.
... Primary glaucoma.
... Secondary glaucoma, viclikana with medications, burning eyes, trauma or other damage.
... Іnsha is designated the form abo
... Unassigned form.

Vkazhit eyes - livy, right, offense, or without meaning a specific eye. In the very end, this sign is placed on the stage:
... 0 - unassigned;
... 1 - light;
... 2 - pomyrna;
... 3 - important abo
... 4 - unassigned.

The stage is not required for all types of glaucoma, but if it is necessary, then the category code must be used.

The addition of lateralization in the first stage made the number of glaucoma codes in ICD-10 great. Yaksho at the patient є різні form glaucoma evil і the right to be in the early stages in the skin assessment, then two additional codes (for the skin eye) are attributed to the correct code for the indication of lateralization and stage.

Coating and lateralization

In the case of bagatories, the capital of the ICD-10 is okremi codes for the upper and lower, as well as the right and left capital (div. Table 2).

Table 2. Application of coding during lateralization

For example, blepharitis is classified okremo for right upper, right lower, right unassigned, left upper, left lower and left unassigned eyes. Okremiy code isnu for unassigned eyes and unassigned capital. Until then, for the analogy with the іnshim zhvoryuvannym, blepharitis has no "double-sided" code. As soon as the patient has an ailment, the code is vibrated for the left and right eye okremo.

Serious injuries and acceleration

Koduvannya eye injuries are induced in the 19th section. On the page in the catalog of ICD-9 codes, there are injuries in ICD-10, and there are no injuries for types of injuries. Tsei razdіl іdpratsovano shvidsche for anatomical signs, and also later - for types of injuries.

For example, the wound is torn without the presence of foreign body of the liv century and the periocular zone and is encoded by the diagnostic code S01.112. Koduvannya of injuries in the ICD-10 vimag to provide this sign for describing the number of times, if the patient was prevented from being driven by his injuries (for example, if it was a cob-trip, if it was more cautious). The first diagnosis of trauma will be recognized in honey. Documentation yak S01.112A. In case of dynamical caution, the same code will be displayed, but only this sign will be changed, and the code will be S01.112D.

The ICD-10 includes an intraoperative and quicker operation at the same type of distribution, as well as on the ICD-10 type of ICD-9. In oftalmologіchnomu rozdіlі tsі uskladnennya vkazanі in blotsі H59, yaky mіstit 57 dіagnostichnih kodіv for patologіy eyes pіslya kataraktalnoї hіrurgії for іntraoperatsіynih krovovilivіv i hematomas eye that pridatkovogo aparata for vipadkovogo puncture abo rozrivu in otsі abo pіdryadnomu aparatі for pіslyaoperatsіynogo krovovilivi for broken-winded ( Information), for a good retinal cicatrix for the appearance of a sieve, as well as for those who are not classified earlier. There is a great part of the qih codіv vimagaє vrahuvannya lateralization. For example, the code H59.111 is "Intraoperative hemorrhage and hematoma of the right ocular appendages, which accelerate ophthalmologic manipulation".

sjomy sign

The role of this sign is to be found in the development of new ones. In the ophthalmologic section, the stage of glaucoma is indicated. In the case of injuries, it can be caused by those who are spostering a patient's license for the first time with injuries, or an onset visit. Somiy sign has no meaning for all types of razriviv. Cody zvoryuvan, wiklican for reasons That is, according to the E codes in ICD-9, it is found in the 20th section and the number of digits has grown significantly.

The introduction of ICD-10, which is a normative document in Danish regions, has changed the code system earlier - from 3-, 4- and 5-digit codes to codes, which can be from 3 to 7 characters.