Shho also CD4 with HIV. Analyzes on VIL, on the basis of new options and indicators

number of CD4(Namely: the number of CD4 + T-lymphocytes, or the number of CD4 + T-cellin, or T4, or the immune status) - this is the result of blood analysis, which shows how many such cells are located in the cubic blood cell.

The amount of CD4 is even a good "surrogate marker". Win vkazu: how strongly violated the immune system, such as glybin in the infectious process, which is a risk of other infectious diseases, if it is necessary to fix it. The average number of CD4 cells for HIV-negative people ranges from 600 to 1900 cells. / Ml blood, If you want a lot of people, you can get more or less.

After 2-3 days, the CD4 count will start falling.

In the world, as the immune system is repairing the detectors, the number of CD4s is growing again, if you want and not up to the point of failure.

Nadal, with rocks, the number of CD4 is gradually decreasing. The average low rate of CD4 counts to become close to 50 cells / mm 3. can be more or less lower.

The immune system of a large number of people is successfully controlled by VIL, not being able to handle it by reaching out to the rockets.

Indicator of the number of CD4 + kіtin- the price of blood analysis, which is the reason, how good is the functioning of the immune system in people with the virus of human immunodeficiency (VIL). CD4 + cellini is a type of leukocyte. Leukocytes play an important role in the fight against infections. CD4 + cells are also called T-lymphocytes, T-cells, or T-helpers.

VIL is the enemy of CD4 + cells. The CD4 + cell count additionally helps in determining how many diseases can be diagnosed. The trend in the change in the CD4 + cell count is more important, the lower the value of the pastry taken, but some of this data can change from day to day. The trend of changes in the indicator of the number of CD4 + clitin in the hour demonstrates the infusion of the virus into the immune system. In case of VIL-informants, who do not recognize the disease, the indicator of the number of CD4 + clitin will decrease with the development of VIL. poor performance CD4 + cell counts are often associated with a weakened immune system and a higher chance of developing oportogenic infections.

Testing is carried out immediately

Vimіryuvannya indicator of the number of CD4 + kіtin is carried out using the following methods:

Watch out for them, as VIL-infection is hostile to your immune system.

You can help to diagnose the syndrome of full-fledged immunodeficiency (SNID). VIL to produce up to SNIDu - a trivial chronic ill-health, as it is ill-advised to vilikuvatisya.

Viznachennya, if more beautifully antiretroviral therapy, as to reduce the speed of development of VIL-infection in the body. For more detailed information, go to the item "Results".

Risnachennya risiku the development of your own infections (oporunistic infections).

If it is more beautiful to fix the preventive treatment of opportunistic infections, for example, taking medications for the prevention of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP).

The indicator of the number of CD4 + clitin, the values ​​at the moment of diagnosis you have VIL, serve as a linear indicator, from which all the onset indicators of the number of CD4 + clitin will be adjusted. Your CD4 + cell count will be affected by the skin for 3-6 months, depending on your health, in front of your CD4 + cell count, because of the fact that you are taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Yak go to the test

The first person undergoes the test, he goes to the test, and he will consult you about the results of the test. Find out how the dressing test is for your VIL-infection.

Yak being tested

Medical advisor, who can carry out blood sampling, if you will be able to do it:

On top of an elastic bandage around your hand, you see a lick, a spike in a rush of blood. Tse zbіlshu veni, which is located below the bandage vnya, scho will lay down the head in the vein.

Wipe the head with alcohol.

Insert the head into a vein. Maybe not for the first time.

Attach the blood sampling tube to the head.

If you need a bit of blood, know the bandage from your hand.

Put on a gauze compress, or a cotton swab on the place, I will pierce the shkiri with a hollow, for that, as a result.

I will pinch the pinch to the puncture, and then put on a bandage.

Yakim will be seen

You may not see anything before the injection for an hour, but you may see an insignificant beat at the moment of passing the ball to the child. Deyakі people see a baking fire, while the golk is at the vein. In addition, most people do not see any negative impressions (as long as the stench is minimal) after the hour of the introduction of the head into the vein. Your ill-feeling lie in the middle medical doctor I will take a blood sample, and I will also see your veins and your sensitivity to pain.

Melodiously, absolutely be-like VIL-positive people know that also CD4. Well, what if I want to chuv about tse.

Tim, however, who first stumbled upon the tsim of the witnesses, we tried to report as much as possible about those who were in the same place. Now we need CD4 in our body. And what, what is less, what is more in the body of small ailments.

Take a look, mabut, then, what is CD4 cellini - not one of the types of T-lymphocytes - the most important cells immune system human organism. In total there are 3 types of lymphocytes - B-, T- NK-lymphocytes. The skin does not have a special function in its own special functions, and with a decrease in the level I want one type of lymphocytes, the human body becomes inflamed in front of the sick children. B-lymphocytes - tse "shpiguni" of our body, the stench is in your information about zbudniks young people... "Vidskanuvavshi" I would like to be an alien agent once, the stench will remember you. Itself through the ci "shpiguns" the people get their immunity up to quiet sickness, like those who are overtaken, or even up to ailments, splinters from what kind of bullets are broken. As a rule, B-lymphocytes in organisms are close to 10-15% of the number of lymphocytes. The first type of lymphocytes - tse NK-lymphocytes - "KGBshniki" organism. Stink to chase after the tim, there are no “spills” in the body, so that the infected cells are not for the organisms, but for the puffy cells. In the development of such "zradnikov", NK-lymphocytes are known. Їх in organizmі - 5 - 10%. Well, the most numerous group of lymphocytes is T-lymphocytes. The "soldier" of the immune system is close to 80% of the number of lymphocytes. Stink, as if I am engaged in the appearance and inferiority of bacteria, fungi, viruses alien to our body.

Oskilki T-lymphocytes are the most important group of lymphocytes, and the main function, as it stinks, is absolutely logical for organisms, it is absolutely logical that the main stinks can be taken by yourself. There are 3 groups of T-lymphocytes: T-cells, T-helpers and T-suppressors. T-kelers are the cells of the immune system, which are engaged in non-mediocre development of enemy agents, which are consumed in the human body. The cells themselves drive viruses, bacteria, bacteriophages and other alien microorganisms. The CD8 coreceptor is located on the surface membrane of T-lymphocytes. T-helpers, as you name it, are pomichniki. The stench of being immune to the message, and also acting in the role of transmitting information about an alien agent B-lymphocytes, which, in their own right, viroblyayut the necessary antibodies. The T-helper coreceptor yakraz and CD4 is a single-type transmembrane glucoprotein. Evidence of this type of coreceptors and serve as a type of T-helper rice. That, apparently about CD4, is most likely to suffer from the most T-lymphocyte type of helpers. An offensive view of T-lymphocytes є T-suppressor. The aim of lymphocytes, which is responsible for the streaming of the immune system, fires the mind, but the immune appears to be strong, not strong.

Why is the knowledge about CD4 very important in the context of the development of VIL. In the first place, it’s the very same cells that are targeted against the virus immune deficiency of people. VIL is able to get involved in the clinic, to develop the genetic information of the cell. When the CD4 cell is in the world and yes the signal, more lymphocytes were circulated. And now they have multiplied in the dead cells, the viruses are already ready to penetrate the new solutions of the T-helpers. I go close colo You can't fit in with your immunity. Such a rank to go is that on the cob of ailment there is a small amount of CD4 in the organisms of VIL-positive people to move, and people with VIL-positive status mean that it is practically not ailment colds... In an hour, the immune system is known, and a few lymphocytes start to feel faster. In a normal body, CD4 is close to 500 - 1600 cells. With VIL, the number of CD4 starts significantly decreases and can reach 0.

Less lymphocytes, less lymphocytes, less lymphocytes, less lymphocytes, less lymphocytic, less lymphocytic, less lymphocytic The improvement of the lymphocyte level and the reduction of the antiretroviral therapy is possible with additional antiretroviral therapy.

ANALIZE CD4 (T-clitin)

WHAT IS CD4 cells?
... CHOMU cells CD4 VAZHLIVI WHEN VIL?
... WHAT ARE YAKI FACTORS INJECTING ON KILKІST CD4?
... WHAT DOES IMAGING RESULTS AND ANALYSIS?
... SHO MEAN NUMBERS?

WHAT IS CD4 cells?

Clitini CD4 is a type of lymphocytes (large blood cells). The stench is an important part of the immune system. Inodi cells of CD4 are called T-cells. Clitini T-4, aka clitini CD4 +, are called clitins - "pomichniki". The stink of the first to attack infectious diseases. Clitini T-8 (SD8 +) - drive clitini, which completes the reaction of the immune system. Clitini SD8 + also call it clitin- "vbivtsi" crayfish and cells, infected by the virus.
In this case, the development of cells is based on specific proteins on the surface of the cells. Cell T-4 is a cell of cell with CD4 molecules on the surface. This type of T-cell is called "positive CD4" or CD4 +.

CHOMU cells CD4 VAZHLIVI WHEN VIL?

With the information of people VIL, in the first place, the cells of CD4 will be detected.

The genetic code of the virus becomes part of the cell. If CD4 cells are dwelling, then they stink and new copies of the virus.

As soon as Lyudin is informed by VIL for a significant period of an hour, the number of CD4 cells will change. This is a sign that the immune system is gradually weak. What is lower is the number of CD4, it is more that is, but people are more ill.
There are a lot of different families of CD4 cells. Skin family is used to combat the type of microorganisms. In the world, as VIL is changing the number of CD4, the actions of the family can be increased in knowledge. In this way, people can draw attention to the type of microorganisms, for the fight against these types of families were assigned. As soon as you see it, you can develop oportunistic infections (Div. Broshuru 500).

WHAT IS ANALIZE ON CD4?

It takes a small amount of blood from a finger and calculates the appearance of certain types of cells. CD4 is uncomfortable to overreach without a median, and therefore, the number is calculated on the basis of all blood cells. The CD4 cell count is inaccurate.

WHAT ARE YAKI FACTORS INJECTING ON KILKІST CD4?

The number of CD4 cells is continuously accumulating. An hour of the day, at the same time, stress can be added to the results and analysis. Most robustly take blood for analysis post-bye at one and the same hour of the day, the whole hour in the same laboratory.
Health infections are heavily influenced by the number of CD4. If the body is fighting against infection, a number of blood cells (lymphocytes) move, move and a number of CD4 and CD8 cells. Vaccination can also have the same effect. Try not to create an analysis of CD4 by stretching out the decalcifications for ailments or chips.

WHAT DOES IMAGING RESULTS AND ANALYSIS?
The results of the SD4 analysis are displayed as the number of cells per cubic millimeter of blood, or mm3. The range is within the normal range for the number of CD4, but let it be between 500 and 1600, for the cells of the CD8 the range is between 375 and 1100. For people from zero, there are a number of CD4 times.
Frequently, reduce the rate of CD4 to CD8. The price of the distribution of the visa is set by the way of the CD4 value for the SD8 value. for healthy people The price of the CD8 cell is adjusted from 0.9 to 1.9, which means that the CD8 skin cell is brought from 1 to 2 CD4 cells. In people with VIL, the ratio is lower, which means that the CD8 clint is higher, the CD4 clin is lower.
Oscillations of the number of CD4 are quite significant, because the people who take the lead are more likely to increase the amount of CD4 to the backward number of lymphocytes. If the results of the analyzes show that the% CD4 is 34%, this means that you have 34% of lymphocytes - CD4 cells. Such a high rate is stable, lower number of CD4. Normal range is 20% to 40%. CD4 highs lower than 14% means less immunity to the immune system and familiar SNID in people with HIV.

SHO MEAN NUMBERS?
The meaning of the number of CD8 cells is unclear, but in this hour it will continue to progress through the sphere.
The amount of CD4 is the key to the health of the immune system. Chim lower number, tim more shkodi zavdav VIL. Yak vvazhayut fahivtsi to the Center for the Control of Infections in the United States, people with a number of CD4 cells less than 200 or 14% of cells are at the stage of SNID.

The number of CD4s at once with a wide range of options for assessments, how many people will become healthy. Div. Brochure 125, de more information about the analysis on the new option.
The number of CD4s can also be considered as an indicator of the need to repair medication therapy.
If you want to start antiretroviral therapy (ART)?
As soon as the number of CD4 goes down below 350, the majority of the cards are used for the need for the ART (div. Broshuru 403). In addition, if you do not pay, if the CD4 drop is below 15%, then it’s a sign of repairing aggressive ART, if you need to use the CD4 number to reach the top. More conservative medications can be expected to get worse, as long as the CD4 count is not lower than 200, you can start therapy. One last few days showed that an ear of therapy with a CD4 lower than 5% in a greater number of cases and even bad results.
If the woman has started to take medications for the prevention of oporitic infections:
Most of the drugs are punished lіkuvalny drugs for the prevention of optic infections at such levels of CD4.

For the first time, we have a leukocyte formula (div. Rozdil "Hematological dosage"). It is estimated that it is true, as well as the absolute value of the number of cells of peripheral blood.

The definition of the main populations (T-cells, B-cells, natural cells) and subpopulations of T-lymphocytes (T-helpers, T-CTLs). For the primary diagnosis of the immune status and the appearance of swelling disorders of the immune system WHO recommended the value of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD16 + 56, CD4 / CD8. Until the end of the day, the number of major lymphocyte populations is allowed: T-cellini - CD3, B-cellini - CD19, natural cells (NK) - CD3- CD16 ++ 56 +, subpopulations of CD4 + CD4 -cytotoxic CD3 + CD8 + і їх pregnancy).

method of follow-up

Immunophenotyping of lymphocytes is carried out with monoclonal antibodies to superficial differentiation angins on cells of the immune system, by the method of flow laser cytofluorometry on flow cytofluorimeters.

Vibration zone and analysis of lymphocytes is carried out using the additional marker CD45, which is represented on the surface of all leukocytes.

Mind you take that zberigannya zrazkiv

Venous shelter, taken from a lyktyovy veni, vrantsi, suvoro natchesertse, in a vacuum system before the designated test mike. Yak anticoagulant vikoristovutsya K2EDTA. After taking the test tube, turn it over 8-10 times every time to mix the blood with the anticoagulant. Protection and transport is strictly at 18-23 ° C in vertical position not more than 24 hours

Nevikonannya tsikh minds to produce inaccurate results.

Interpretation of results

T-lymphocytes (CD3 + cells). There is a certain amount of information about the hyperactivity of the immune system, the prevention of hypersensitivity to chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Improvement of the common indicator to be observed in cases of viral infections bacterial infections on the cob zagvoryuvannya, zagostrennykh chronic sickness.

A decrease in the absolute number of T-lymphocytes indicates the lack of cell-mediated immunity, and the very lack of cell-affective immunity. Appear with the flames of intellectual ethology, evil new ideas, For injuries, operations, infarction, with palynne, with cytostatics. The change of the eighth day in the dynamism of the disease is classically friendly to the sign.

B-lymphocytes (CD19 + cells) Decrease is spared in cases of physiological and congenital hypogammaglobulinemia and agammaglobulinemia;

NK lymphocytes with CD3-CD16 ++ 56 + phenotype Natural cells (NK-cells) are a population of great granular lymphocytes. It smells good to lyse cells-targets, infected with viruses and other internal antigens, chilly cells, as well as other cells of halogenous and xenogenic walking.

The increase in the number of NK-clitin is linked to the activation of antitransplant immunity, in some cases it is meant when bronchial asthma, Start at in the worst cases, To develop with malignant new conditions and leukemias, in the period of convalescence.

T-lymphocyte helper with phenotype CD3 + CD4 + The improvement of the absolute and tolerable rate is more likely to occur in case of autoimmune diseases, possibly in case of allergic reactions, such as Infectious diseases... The best way to inform about the stimulation of the immune system to the antigen and to serve as a confirmation of hyperreactive syndromes.

The decrease in the absolute and relative amount of T-clinical is indicative of hyporeactivity of syndromes with damage to the regulatory lanka immunity, є pathogenic knowledge for HIV infection; to develop with chronic ailments (bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.), solid fluff.

T-cytotoxic lymphocytosis with CD3 + CD8 + phenotype It is practical for all chronic infections, vernal, bacterial, protozoan infections. Є characteristic of VIL-infection. Decrease in spostering in case of viral hepatitis, herpes, autoimmune ailments.

Diet CD4 + / CD8 + Pre-treatment of CD4 + / CD8 + (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4 / CD8) is recommended only for monitoring HIV infection and control of the effectiveness of ARV therapy. Allowing the absolute and large number of T-lymphocytes, subpopulations of T-helpers, CTL, and social life.

The range of value is 1.2-2.6. Decrease in patients with congenital immunodeficiency disorders (syndrome Di-Dzhorzhi, Nezelof, Viscott-Oldrich), in case of external and bacterial infections, chronic processes, in case of radioactivity and toxicity endocrine disabilities, Solid pukhlinakh. Є pathogenic knowledge for VIL-infection (less than 0.7).

Decrease in value is more than 3 - with autoimmune diseases, state of T-lymphoblastic leukemia, thymoma, chronic T-leukemia.

The sleep wage can be tied to a number of helpers and CTLs for a given patient. For example, the decrease in the number of CD4 + T-clitin in case of pneumonia on the cob is affected to a decrease in the index, and the CTL may not change in case of it.

For pre-adolescence and detection of changes in the immune system in pathologies In order to assess the presence of a severe or chronic ignition process and the stage of its activity, it is recommended to include the number of active T-lymphocytes with the CD3 + HLA-DR + phenotype and TNK-clitin with the CD3 + CD16 ++ phenotype.

T-activation of lymphocytosis with phenotype CD3 + HLA-DR + Marker of piznoї activation, indicator of hyperreactivity to immunity. For the expression of this marker, one can judge about the turn and strength of the immune response. To appear on T-lymphocytes on the 3rd day hospitable... at friendly perebіgu zhvoryuvannya fall to norms. The increase in the expression on T-lymphocytes can be used for cases of problems that have been tied chronic flames... It is evident that there are patients with hepatitis C, pneumonia, viral infections, solid puffins, autoimmune diseases in patients with hepatitis C, pneumonia.

TNK lymphocytosis with phenotype CD3 + CD16 ++ CD56 + T-lymphocytes, which carry markers CD16 ++ CD 56+ on their surface. Cyclinny may be in power as T-, as well as NK-clitin. Afterwards, it was recommended as a supplementary marker for chronic and chronic illnesses.

Decrease in peripheral blood can be prevented in case of organ-specific diseases and systemic autoimmune processes. Zbіlshennya is indicated in case of fiery inconveniences of developmental ethology, puffy processes.

Pre-treatment early and early markers in the activation of T-lymphocytes (CD3 + CD25 +, CD3-CD56 +, CD95, CD8 + CD38 +) additionally, to assess the changes of the IC in case of chronic and chronic ailments, for diagnostics, prognosis, monitoring of overwhelming illnesses and the conducted therapy.

T-activation of lymphocytosis with phenotype CD3 + CD25 +, receptor up to IL2 CD25 + is a marker of early activation. About the functional cell of T-lymphocytes (CD3 +) to reduce the number of receptors to IL2 (CD25 +). In case of hyperactive syndromes, the number of cych cells is growing (state standard and chronic lymphocytosis, Timom, transplantation), in addition, advising you can early stage ignition process. In peripheral blood, ailments can appear in the first three days. A decrease in the number of cych cells can be promoted in case of congenital immunodeficiency, autoimmune processes, viral infections, fungal and bacterial infections, ionizing radioactivity from old, important.

T-cytotoxic lymphocytosis with CD8 + CD38 + phenotype The presence of CD38 + on CTL lymphocytes is indicated in patients with sick children. Informative indicator for HIV infection, opiate ailment. An increase in the number of CTLs with the CD8 + CD38 + phenotype ignition processes, Oncological and endocrine disabilities. When the therapy is carried out, the indicator goes down.

subpopulation natural kelers with phenotype CD3- CD56 + The CD56 molecule is an adhesive molecule widely represented in nerve tissue... In addition to natural cells, it is expressed on types of cells of the type, including on T-lymphocytes.

An increase in this indicator is indicative of an increased activity of a clone-specific clone cells, which may have a lower cytolytic activity, lower than NK cells with the CD3-CD16 + phenotype. The number of the general population of growth with hematological puffins (EK-clitinna or T-clitinna lymphoma, plasma cell lymphoma, aplastic large-cell lymphoma), chronic ailments, malignant viral infections.

Decrease in value is for primary immunodeficiency, Viral infections, systemic chronic ailments, stress, treatment with cytostatics and corticosteroids.

CD95 + receptor- one receptor for apoptosis. Apoptosis is a folding biological process, which is necessary for the visualization of the organisms of the ear, the elderly and the infirm cells. The CD95 receptor is expressed on all cells of the immune system. It plays an important role in the control of the functioning of the immune system, since it is one of the receptors in apoptosis. Yogo expression on cells is the basis of the readiness of cells to apoptosis.

Znizhennya chastki CD95 + -lіmfotsitіv in krovі patsієntіv svіdchit about torn down efektivnostі ostannogo Etap vibrakuvannya defective i іnfіkovanih Vlasnyi klіtin scho Mauger lead to relapse zahvoryuvannya, hronіzatsії patologіchnogo Process, rozvitku autoіmunnih zahvoryuvan i pіdvischennya ymovіrnostі puhlinnoї transformatsії (napriklad, uterine cancer shiyki at papіllomotoznoy іnfektsії ). The value of the expression CD95 is less predictive in myelo- and lymphoproliferative disorders.

The increase in the intensity of apoptosis is more likely to occur in case of severe illness, septic camps, and in case of implantation of drug addiction.

Lymphocytes are activated CD3 + CDHLA-DR +, CD8 + CD38 +, CD3 + CD25 +, CD95. The test imaging the functional level of T-lymphocytes and recommendations for the control over the overload of the disease and the control of immunotherapy in case of the ignition of the disease.

In an hour, after one day, a virus was discovered to immunodeficiency of people, a serious progress was expected in lukuvanny. Ale still has a history of information and loved ones to improve the situation with VIL, the indicators and the norm. Tsі danі vrahovoyutsya in the preparation of therapeutic methods, scho prodovzhuyut rock. With a day of life, people with VIL addiction can predict up to 10 years of life, with a correct choice - up to 70. , for CD-4, - the stench itself can make sure the information is displayed fellow sickness, Scho lead to mortality, or SNIDu. Clarify the situation with additional help zagalny analiz blood, which is indicated in case of HIV. In case of a low indicator of antibodies, the virus passes through the level of two on the ric, in case of malnutrition, in case of vaginosis, in case of small groups of antiretroviral drugs - every 2-4 months - 3 min.

• diagnostics
  • Polymerase lantsyugov reaction
  • immunoblotting
• norms
• Also immune status
• Immune status and virus

Analysis of blood in case of viral immunodeficiency in humans

The posting of biological material, which is a shelter, will become the most informative method. Before the time you create an analysis on the VIL, you will be able to learn the special features of the behavior of the virus. It should be manifested in plasma, if it is possible to know both in sperm and before vaginal mucus. Analysis for VIL is a complex component diagnostics. Take shelter for children:

1. Blood analysis for VIL. It is often the case that the virus is detected in the first place when the blood is analyzed for HIV and hepatitis.
2. Zagalny blood analysis can also be indicated with VIL. We will show you the specific indicators of leukocytes, thrombocytes, hemoglobin, the rate of deposition of erythrocytes (SHOE). Some nuances in some cases are indicated on the basis of virus infections, in the event that the norms are recognized as being of the last remaining blood.

Important! If you don’t know how to test your test on VIL, I’m sure you’re going to say: take away biological material to go to a hungry slunk. I will give you a reliable result.

1. Express-analysis on VIL. The stench gives the result with a stretch of 30 hilines. Carrying out vivchennya is not only blood, ale and slips, slaughter. The test is informative in the plan for the diagnosis of infection and the number of antibodies. Inodi trap, the test for VIL is positive, the analysis is negative. The result is pseudo-negative, as the infection has been borne for a long time. You will need to go through the maintenance in 6 days.
2. Immunoenzyme dosage. From blood they see a sirovatka, de і shukayut antibodies to virus immunodeficiency in humans. For the nutrition of the patients, they are afraid to take an analysis on VIL, but they will be returned: up to 10 days. And here you can see some gracious results. Pour in autoimmune disease, Zagostrennya chronic ailments, crayfish crayfish.

If you change, you can create an analysis on VIL, you can go to a private laboratory, in the center of prevention and struggle with SNIDom and VIL, or simply build shelter at the state polyclinics for the moment of living. The positive aspect of cutaneous medical mortgage Lose anonymity.

Dіznatisya, skіlki kostu your analysis on SNID, it is possible to go in advance. The price for VIL-analysis can range from 300 to 12,000 rubles. It is more expensive to spend time reading in private laboratories and highly sensitive tests.

diagnostics

Intelligently diagnostics dosage for 2 types. The first group will help you to understand the fact of information. Such a test can establish control over the transmission of infections, influence the effectiveness of the treatment.

Another group includes antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, p24 antigen (serological analysis) and virus RNA, provirus DNA (molecular genetic test).

Detailed diagnostics is indicated if a zagalny blood analysis was carried out, as with VIL bazhano zrobiti. Іnfіkuvannya VIL against in the early stages: from the asymptomatic state to the state of the stage, yak SNID. Every now and then, the organism of the sick is seen of oportunistic ailments, at that time the immune system of healthy people can stand up. Tse demonstrate the zagalny indicators of bloodsheds.

Diagnostics of additional help for the value and number of leukocytes. From time to time, anti-virus and anti-virus may have a long life. A lot of out-of-the-box methods of vicarious and specific priyomy.

Polymerase lantsyugov reaction

Tse one z most effective methods diagnostics of information. Yogo results are 90 - 99% true: the test shows NOT antibodies to viruses, but yogo RNA. Tsey analysis on VIL is based on short terms of readiness - up to 3 days.

immunoblotting

The most sensitive and not found method of recognition viral infections... Win polyagu in the bottom of the virus, for which it is moved to the nitrocellulose membrane. For the procedure of electrophoresis of the th antigen, test for the molecular weight, test with a few tests on the test-male. The method of showing that lyudin is at the stage of immunodeficiency.

norms

In healthy people, the CD-4 index becomes 400-500 - 1600 cells / ml. As the figure changes to 200-500, the skin changes by 45 units - the size of the information. Allegedly, the possibility of ailment, which is injected into the immune processes, breast year bath at women.

Also, blood analysis for VIL is normal and for informational people. If the indicator of klin has dropped to 350, it's time to start therapy. The bosses of the whole do not develop well for the informant people who are ill.

Even though the figure has dropped to 200 units, it is often associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. Tim, who suffers from immunodeficiency to develop an analysis for HIV and hepatitis. The poisoning of the liver often supervises the insecure virus, which will destroy the immune system.

Important! Half of the blood tests for hepatitis, rw and VIL: when the woman is put on the screen at the time of the visit, before the hour of the blood test, before the delivery of the blood test.

The information is not only CD-4. It is important to see the number of particles of the insecure virus in the blood plasma. Customization can be shown gracious result through the loss of minds passing tests, getting vaccinated, transplanted ill... We are afraid of healthy people. Ale, through the month, the indicator will grow 3-5 times, and then you will think about it.

It’s a good idea to stay healthy in an informed state. Yogo characterize the blood of the soul, the spawn - is called for the struggle with foreign bodies, middle and viral infections.

Also immune status

The number of high and low indicators in immunity is the total immunity status. It is more beautiful to spend Yogo Vimir in the same hour, in the same laboratory, for the help of the same tests. Riznitsya in them inodi produce to gracious results.

Immune status and virus

It is the standard of the informant people to accumulate in the range of head indicators: a few particles of the virus and the clitin CD-4, the immune status and the new age - the required parameters for diagnostics jolly lіkuvannya... The management of the virus is the advancement of the immune status, which is to fight against the virus. However, the rate of hostility to the CD-4 clientele can be reduced to a critical indicator. The very same periodically carried out diagnostics of the patient.

Results and interpretation of analyzes

Indicators of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay may change. Smells visnachayut rіznі bіlkovі spoluki, present in the shells of a virus. Collect the bins in the test systems may appear, or if there are 3 main ones - the test will give a positive result.

The following indicators are visible:

• Up to 20 thousand copies / ml - lack of RNA concentration. Good result for infected people. In a healthy person, the indicator is zero.
• From 20 thousand to 100 thousand - middle stage, characterized by primary or secondary manifestations of immunodeficiency.
• From 100 thousand to 450 thousand, it is a mortally problematic indicator. Chim vishche figure, tim more ymovirnist development SNIDu.

Important! It is possible to re-create shelter with pseudo-negative, hypopositive and non-positive results. Negative result of truthfulness, as well as the risk of information being taken out of the house for 12 months before the blood sampling.

Transmission cases of virus infections

Part of the analysis on VIL to rob it is accessible to the skin patient. The urgency of the problem is to confirm the expansion of the way of transmission of infections: the price of non-sterile medical instruments, the spraying of syringes, paths from the mother to the child, with an unprotected body act, with transfusion of blood.

For food, through the files, you can create an analysis on VIL for a young infection, and it will be displayed: it will take an hour from 3 days to 3-5 months.

How to inform and inform your loved ones:

1. Life for a few copies of RNA virus VIL. It reduces the risk of information about the mother's fetus, as well as the triviality of the infected person's life.
2. An analysis and a course of antiretroviral therapy will be prepared on a timely basis.
3. In memory, it is not only the value of the viral navantage at VIL-important indicators; Father-in-law is being built regularly.

Oscillations of leaks from the VIL virus were not found, people with external invoices need quests, but the indicator of external particles does not go beyond the limits. Navigate if you have a clear diagnosis and you can continue your life.